Sarcoma - ndi chiyani, khansa kapena ayi?

Inde, aliyense wamvapo za matenda oopsa monga sarcoma ndi khansa. Komabe, si ambiri omwe ali ndi lingaliro la chomwe ilo liri, kaya sarcoma ndi khansara kapena ayi, kusiyana kotani pakati pa matendawa. Tiyeni tiyesere kumvetsetsa izi.

Kodi khansa n'chiyani?

Khansara ndi chotupa chachikulu chomwe chimachokera ku maselo a epithelial omwe amaphimba mkatikati mwa ziwalo zosiyanasiyana, kapena kuchokera pachiguduli cha epithelium - khungu, mucous membrane. Mawu akuti "khansa" anthu ambiri samadziŵa molondola ndi mitundu yonse ya zotupa zowopsya, kutchula khansara yamapapu, mafupa, khungu, ndi zina zotero. Koma, ngakhale kuti zovuta zowonjezera pafupifupi 90 peresenti ndi khansa, palinso mitundu ina - ma sarcomas, hemoblastoses, ndi zina zotero.

Dzina "khansara" limagwirizanitsidwa ndi maonekedwe a chotupa chofanana ndi khansa kapena nkhanu. Neoplasm ikhoza kukhala yowuma kapena yofewa, yosalala kapena yotupa, nthawi zambiri komanso mwamsanga metastasizes ku ziwalo zina. Zikudziwika kuti kukonzedweratu kwa khansara kumatengera, komanso mu chitukuko chake chingatenge zinthu monga radiation, zotsatira za zinthu zakuda, kusuta, ndi zina zotero.

Kodi sarcoma ndi chiyani?

Sarcomas amatchedwanso zotupa zowopsya, koma zimapangidwa kuchokera ku maselo omwe amatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito, omwe amadziwika ndi maselo ogawanitsa maselo. Chifukwa Mitundu yodziwika imagawidwa mu mitundu yosiyanasiyana yambiri (malingana ndi ziwalo, mapangidwe, ndi zina zomwe zimapanga), mitundu yotsatirayi ikusiyana ndi sarcoma:

• osteosarcoma (kuchokera ku minofu ya fupa);
• chondrosarcoma (kuchokera ku mitsempha yotchedwa cartilaginous);
• liposarcoma (kuchokera minofu ya adipose);
• angiosarcoma (mimba yotupa);
• myosarcoma (kuchokera minofu ya minofu);
• ma lymphosarcoma (kuchokera ku minofu ya mitsempha);
• mitsempha ya ziwalo zamkati (chikhodzodzo, chiwindi, mapapo, etc.), ndi zina zotero.

Monga lamulo, mitsempha imakhala ndi mawonekedwe akuluakulu opanda malire, omwe mudulidwe amafanana ndi nyama ya nsomba ndipo amakhala ndi gray-pink hue. Kwa mitsempha yonse, nthawi yosiyana ya kukula ndi chikhalidwe, zotupa zoterozi zimasiyana mofanana ndi malungo, kuthamangira kumera, metastasis, kubwereza, ndi zina zotero.

Chiyambi cha sarcoma chimagwirizanitsidwa kwambiri ndi kuwonetseredwa kwa ma radiation, poizoni ndi zinthu zakupha, mankhwala ena komanso ngakhale mavairasi, komanso ziwalo zomwe zimayambitsa matenda.

Kodi pali kusiyana kotani pakati pa sarcoma ndi khansa?

Kuwonjezera apo, mitsempha ndi khansa za khansa zimapangidwa kuchokera ku mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya ziphuphu, mitsempha imadziwika ndi zizindikiro zotsatirazi:

• Mphuno sizolowereka kuposa khansa;
• mitsempha ya m'magazi imatha kupyolera mu mitsempha ya magazi, osati kupyolera mu mchitidwe wamagulu;
• Mphuno nthawi zambiri imadziwika ndi kukula kwa chiwopsezo;
• Nthawi zambiri mbozi zimapezeka achinyamata ndi ana;
• Mphuno sizipezeka bwino, ndipo nthawi zambiri zimakhala zikuwonekera kale.

Chithandizo cha khansa ndi sarcoma

Njira zothandizira mitundu iwiri ya machitidwe opweteka ndi ofanana. Monga lamulo, kuchotsa opaleshoni ya chotupacho kumaphatikizidwa pamodzi ndi ziwalo zozungulira ndi maselo amphongo kuphatikizapo radiation ndi chemotherapy . Nthawi zina, opaleshoni yochotsa khansa kapena sarcoma ikhoza kutsutsana (mwachitsanzo, mu matenda aakulu a mtima) kapena osagwira ntchito (okhala ndi zilonda zambiri ndi metastases). Kenaka mankhwala opatsirana amachititsa kuchepetsa chikhalidwe cha wodwalayo.

Chizindikiro cha matenda amadziwika kwambiri ndi malo a chotupacho, siteji yake, umunthu wa thupi la wodwala, ubwino ndi nthawi ya mankhwala omwe analandira. Odwala amaonedwa kuti amachiritsidwa ngati atalandira chithandizocho amakhala zaka zoposa zisanu popanda kubwereranso ndi matenda.