Bronchoscopy yamapapu

Bronchoscopy ndi tracheobronchoscopy kapena fibrobronchoscopy - njira yotchedwa endoscopic njira yodziwonekera bwino yopenda mtengo wamtengo wapatali. Mwachidziwitso, njirayi imalola dokotala kuti aone ndi maso ake momwe zimakhalira za bronchi ndi trachea - kuwulula zovuta kapena kulingalira za thanzi labwino la wodwalayo. Chotsatirachi n'chosavuta, chifukwa, monga lamulo, pali zifukwa zazikulu za bronchoscopy, zomwe zimapezeka ndi njira zina zofufuzira.

Zisonyezo za bronchoscopy

Bronchoscopy ikhoza kuchitidwa ndi zolinga ziwiri - kuti mudziwe ndi kuchiritsidwa. Kawirikawiri, zizindikiro zazikulu za khalidwe lawo zimapangitsa kukayikira kwa kutupa kapena kutupa.

Ngati x-ray yayamba kukhala yosakondweretsa mu mapapo a mapapo, kapena ngati wodwala akuwonetsa hemoptysis, ndiye ichi ndi chizindikiro chofunika chochita.

Ndiponso, bronchoscopy ikhoza kuchotsa matupi akunja. Bronchoscopy ndi yosavomerezeka kwambiri yomwe ikufunika kuti mudziwe za mtundu wa maphunziro.

Choncho, mwachidule ndizotheka kupereka mfundo zina pamene bronchoscopy ikuwonetsedwa:

• ndi kuyaka - kuyesa kuchuluka kwa kuwonongeka kwa dongosolo la kupuma;
• mukakokera - kudziwa chomwe chimayambitsa matenda aakulu;
• pamene hemoptysis - kupeza chifukwa cha kumasulidwa kwa magazi ndi ntchentche;
• kukhalapo kwa matupi achilendo ku ziwalo zotupa;
• kutanthauzira kwa wothandizira odwala matenda opuma (ndi matenda aakulu);
• kutenga minofu yoyesa;
• tanthauzo la siteji ya khansa ya m'mapapo ;
• pofuna kukonza chithandizo.

Choncho, bronchoscopy imawulula mipata yambiri yophunzirira mtundu wa matenda, kukonza chithandizo, komanso nthawi zina kuchipatala.

Mwachilendo cha mankhwala, bronchoscopy imagwiritsidwa ntchito:

• kuchotsa kwa thupi lachilendo;
• kuchotsedwa kwa magazi ndi pus;
• Kuyamba mankhwala osokoneza bongo mwachindunji;
• kuthetsa kutaya kwa mapapo;
• kubwezeretsa chikhalidwe cha trachea.

Kukonzekera kwa bronchoscopy

Kukonzekera kwa ndondomeko ili ndi zinthu zingapo:

1. X-ray ya chifuwa, komanso electrocardiography. Kuyezetsa koyambirira kumaphatikizapo tanthauzo la urea ndi mpweya m'magazi.
2. Chenjezo la dokotala lokhudzana ndi kukhalapo kapena kusakhala ndi matenda a shuga, matenda oopsa a mtima ndi matenda a mtima wa ischemic. Kuloledwa kwa mankhwala opatsirana pogonana ndi mankhwala owonetsetsa mahomoni kumafunikanso kudziwitsa wojambula zithunzi asanayambe.
3. Bronchoscopy imachitidwa pamimba yopanda kanthu. Choncho, chakudya chomaliza chiyenera kukhala pasanathe 21:00.
4. Kulandira madzi patsiku la kafukufuku lisanaloledwe.
5. Bronchoscopy ikhoza kuchitidwa muzipinda zamakono zokhazikika komanso zosafunika, popeza kuti matendawa amakhala aakulu kwambiri m'thupi. Onetsetsani kuti. Kuti bungwe la zachipatala likugwirizana ndi miyezo yonse yaukhondo.
6. Asanayambe, odwala maganizo angafunikire jekeseni yotsitsimula.
7. Musanayambe ndondomekoyi, muyenera kukonza thaulo ndi zopukutira, popeza zitatha kukhala hemoptysis.
8. Komanso musanayambe kuchotsa mano, kulumphira mbale ndi kukongoletsera zibangili.

Kodi bronchoscopy imachitanji?

Musanachite bronchoscopy m'mapapu, wodwalayo amachotsa chovala chake chakunja ndipo amathyola kolala yake. Mu matenda osokoneza bongo ndi matenda a mphumu (matenda omwe amapezeka ndi mapapu), dimedrol, seduxen ndi atropine amaperekedwa maminiti 45 asanayambe ndondomekoyo, ndipo mphindi 20 isanayambe, njira yothetsera uchimo imayendetsedwa. Pamene bronchoscopy pansi pa anesthesia, wodwalayo akuloledwa kulowetsa salbutamol aerosol, yomwe imayambitsa bronchi. Kwa anesthesia am'dera, amatha kugwiritsa ntchito nebulizers pofuna kuthana ndi mankhwalawa ndi oropharyx. Izi ndizofunika kuti zisawononge mafilimu.

Mmene wodwalayo amakhala - kunama kapena kukhala, amatsimikiziridwa ndi dokotala.

Endoscope imalowetsedwa m'kati mwa kupuma poyang'aniridwa ndi masomphenya kudzera mu mphuno kapena pakamwa, kenako dokotala amayesa kuchokera kumadera onse omwe ali ndi chidwi.

Zotsatira za bronchoscopy

Kawirikawiri, bronchoscopy sichikutsatidwa ndi zotsatira zoopsa - kupweteka pang'ono ndi kupuma kwa mphuno masana. Komabe, pali milandu pamene makoma a bronchi aonongeka, chibayo chimawuluka, bronchospasm, kuthamanga ndi kutuluka magazi pambuyo pa chiwopsezo.