Kukula broccoli poyera - zinsinsi za chisamaliro ndi kubzala

Broccoli amadziwika kuti ndiwo ndiwo zamasamba zothandiza kwambiri kwa anthu, popeza ali ndi mavitamini ambiri, mchere komanso zinthu zina. Kukula broccoli kuthengo kumachitika motsatira malamulo angapo a agrotechnical. Mukhoza kulima ndi mbewu ndi mbande.

Kodi mungabzala bwanji broccoli pamalo otseguka?

Kukula kwa mbewu kumadalira mwachindunji malo abwino odzala. Nkofunika kuti malowa akhale otenthetsa mpweya komanso dzuwa, kotero kabichi imafuna kuwala kwa maola asanu ndi limodzi.

1. Malangizidwe a momwe mungabzalitsire broccoli pamalo otseguka amasonyeza kuti dzikolo liyenera kukhala lotayirira komanso losaloŵerera. Chiwerengero chaching'ono chimalandiridwa. Ndi kuchuluka kwa acidity, onjezerani mandimu kunthaka.
2. Sitikulimbikitsidwa kuti muzitsako zamasamba pamadera omwe mitundu ina ya kabichi, radish, tomato ndi radish zimakula, koma mbatata, nkhaka ndi mbewu zimatengedwa kuti ndizobwino.
3. Kumalo amodzi, broccoli ikhoza kukula osati nthawi imodzi.

Kubzala broccoli pamalo otseguka ndi mbewu

Mitengo ya masamba yowonjezera ingabzalidwe mwamsanga pamsewu, ndipo zomera zimakhala zathanzi kusiyana ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mbande. Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti chodzala, chimene chisanayambe chithandizo, chidzapirira kuzizira kwa -7 ° C. Pali malingaliro angapo a momwe mungamere bwino mbewu za broccoli potseguka pansi:

1. Choyamba, ndikofunikira kukonzekera zokolola, kotero kuti zidzakula kwambiri, zopanda malipiro ndikupereka zokolola zabwino. Zimalimbikitsidwa kuti zilowerere mbeu kwa maola 8 pogwiritsa ntchito potassium permanganate (1 g pa 1 l). Komabe n'kotheka kuthira mbewu mkati mwa tsiku mu njira yothetsera phulusa (1 chinthu supuni pa 1 l). Pambuyo pake, tatsukeni ndikuwume.
2. Dulani maenje 0.5x0.5 mamita ndi kukula kwa mbeu ndi nthaka 1.5 cm Pambuyo pake, onetsetsani kuthira bwino. Ndikoyenera kutsegula pamwamba ndi filimu kuti apange malo otentha ndi kuteteza ku tizirombo. Patatha sabata, mphukira yoyamba idzawoneka, ndipo pamene idzapambana mungathe kuchotsa pogona. Onetsetsani kuti muzitha kuchepetsa minda, ndikusiya zitsanzo zokhazokha. Broccoli idzatsegulidwa mu August ndi September.

Momwe mungamerekere broccoli pamalo otseguka ndi mbande?

Anthu ambiri amakonda kukula chomera ndi mbande zokonzedweratu. Njira yotereyi ikuonedwa kuti ndi yodalirika, ndipo imaganizira zotsatirazi:

1. Pobzala kabichi mbande za broccoli pamalo otseguka, m'pofunika kuyambitsa mbeu njere pakhomo pogwiritsa ntchito zitsanzo zazikuru komanso zathanzi. Mu miphika, ikani madzi osanjikiza ndikudzaza ndi nthaka yopanda ndale. Mizere iyenera kukhala 1.5 masentimita akuya, moisten iwo ndi kubzala mbewu kuti pakhale pafupi masentimita 15 pakati pawo. Lembani nthaka ndikuyika malowa pamalo ozizira kumene kutentha kwayamba kukhala 16 ° C ndiyeno 8 ° C. Pewani kuwala kwa dzuwa. Pambuyo poonekera masamba osachepera asanu (nthawi zambiri patatha masiku 35 mutabzala), mukhoza kutulutsa mbande kumalo otseguka.
2. Kuzama kwa mabowo ayenera kukhala 20-25 masentimita ndi kutalika kwa masentimita 3-4 Masentimita a tsinde ayenera kukhala pansi pa nthaka. Momwemo mutsire madzi zitsime ndikupanga chovala choyamba pamwamba.

Chiwembu chodzala broccoli panja

Kuti pakhale chitukuko chofulumira, m'pofunika kulima bwino mbande ndi mbewu. Chiwembu chobzala broccoli pamalo otseguka chimasonyeza kuti payenera kukhala mtunda wa mamita 0.5 pakati pa mabedi Pakati pa zitsamba zomwe zili pamusiyi, musiye 40x60 masentimita kapena 30x70 masentimita. Ngati mukugwiritsa ntchito matepi awiri mzere, ganizirani mtunda 30x (90 + 50 ), onani

Nthawi ya kubzala broccoli panja

Kuti chomera chiyambe, ndikofunika kulima bwino. Kuti mupeze mbande, kufesa kwa nkhaniyi kuyenera kuchitika m'gawo lachiwiri la March. Ngati mukufuna kudzala broccoli panja ndi mbewu, kumbukirani kuti nthawi yabwino imabwera kumapeto kwa May ndipo imatha mpaka kumayambiriro kwa June. Malingana ndi zosiyanasiyana, mbande, zomwe zili ndi masamba 5-7, zimabzalidwa motere:

1. Ngati mitundu yayamba, nthawi yoyenera ikuchokera kumapeto kwa April mpaka kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wotsatira.
2. Maphunziro a kuphulika kwapakati akulimbikitsidwa kuti abzalidwe kuyambira nthawi yachiwiri ya May kufika kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa June.
3. Mukamabzala mitundu yochedwa, sankhani nthawi kuyambira kumapeto kwa July mpaka kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa August.

Kodi mungakonde bwanji broccoli kumunda?

Kusamalira chikhalidwe cha masamba chophweka ndi chophweka ndipo chimaphatikizapo ndondomeko yoyenera wamaluwa. Kusamba madzi nthawi zonse, feteleza, kupalira, kudumpha ndi kumasula ndizofunika kuti zikule bwino.

1. Zinsinsi za kukula kwa broccoli zimasonyeza kuti zomera zazing'ono zimayenera kuikidwa, kuti zikhale zotheka kuteteza chinyezi, kuteteza mawonekedwe a namsongole ndi kutentha kwa mizu.
2. Pambuyo ulimi wothirira, uyenera kumasula nthaka kuti idzadzaza ndi mpweya.
3. Ambiri amaluwa amatha kukwera pamwamba pa tchire kuti apangitse mapangidwe a mizu.
4. Onetsetsani kuti mutadula mutu wapakati mutakula bwino broccoli panja, mbaliyo imakula mofulumira, choncho musatuluke kumtunda, popeza mutha kukolola mbewu zina.

Kodi maluwa a broccoli amatha bwanji?

Ngati kabichi ikudutsa, ndiye mutu ukuwoneka maluwa achikasu, kale ndi osayenera chakudya. Kumvetsa momwe mungamerekere broccoli panja, muyenera kufotokoza kuti zingayambitse maonekedwe a maluwa asanakwane:

1. Ndikofunika kuti tisachedwe ndi kubzala kwa chikhalidwe cha masamba, popeza kuti kutentha kwa mpweya ndi kofunikira pamene mukukula. Ngati atapitirira 25 ° C, broccoli idzapita mtundu.
2. Ndi bwino kusankha mitundu yoyambirira, chifukwa ubwino wa mbeu umakhudzidwa kwambiri.
3. Ngati mitu ikadali maluwa, ndiye kuti kukula kwa broccoli kunja kumaphatikizapo kuchotsa mtundu ndi kumasula nthaka. Ndiye mwayi woti mitu yammbali ikhale yaikulu kwambiri.

Pamene pritenyat kabichi broccoli poyera pansi?

Kutentha kwa dzuŵa dzuwa likhoza kuwononga chomera ndi kuwononga chokolola cha broccoli, motero ndibwino kuti pakhale njira imodzi yovomerezeka - malo ogona a mitu. Pamene mitu ikuyamba kucha, imafunika kuti ikhale yotsekedwa, kutsekedwa ku dzuwa lotentha. Gwiritsani ntchito cholinga ichi kudula ku tchire masamba. Ngati brokoli ikukula panja popanda njirayi, ndiye kuti mituyo idzakhala yaying'ono komanso yopanda madzi.

Kukula broccoli m'dziko - mbali za kuthirira

Nthaŵi zambiri, kuthirira nthaka kamodzi pa sabata, koma ngati kutentha kwa mpweya kumakwera pamwamba pa 25 ° C, tchire amafunika mobwerezabwereza kutentha. Kusamalira kabichi broccoli pamalo otseguka kumaphatikizapo madzi okwanira, koma madzi sayenera kusamba, mwinamwake kuvunda kwa mizu n'kotheka. Kutentha kumalimbikitsidwa kupopera mbewu madzulo.

Kupaka kofiira kwa broccoli kumtunda

Pomwe chimeracho chiri chosavuta kudziwa kuti ndi zinthu ziti zomwe sizingakwanire, choncho ngati masamba apansi akutembenukira chikasu ndi kukula kukuchedwa, ndiye kuti alibe nayitrogeni. Ngati pali potaziyamu pang'ono, masambawo amakhala ofiirira, ndipo m'mphepete mwawo mumakhala wouma. Kwa feteleza zomwe zamasamba zamasamba zimagwira bwino, ndipo zimakhala zovala pamwamba pazigawo zina.

1. Choyamba, ndi bwino kudziwa momwe mungaperekere kabichi ya broccoli mutabzala mutangoyamba kubzala, kotero panthawiyi kulowetsedwa kwa mullein , kumaperekedwe kwa madzi 1:10.
2. Nthawi yotsatira, feteleza amatenga masabata awiri mutangoyamba kumene. Sungunulani slurry ndi madzi, poganizira kuchuluka kwa 1: 4. Feteleza kutsanulira pansi pazu.
3. Kukula broccoli kunja kumaphatikizapo chovala chachitatu chapamwamba ndipo chimachitika pamene inflorescences amapangidwa. Kuti mupeze yankho, sangani 1 tbsp. supuni za superphosphate ndi 5 malita a madzi. Mawu operekedwawo ndi okwanira 10 zomera.
4. Kudyetsa komaliza kumaperekedwa mutatha mutu kudula mphukira. Gwiritsani ntchito feteleza zovuta.

Kodi kudula broccoli kunja?

Zokolola zikhoza kusonkhanitsidwa pambuyo pa miyezi 3-4. mutabzala mbewu. Zonse zimadalira zosiyanasiyana ndi malo olima. M'nyengo yotentha, mukhoza kusonkhanitsa zokolola zambiri, chifukwa mutadula mutu wapakati, mphukira yowonjezera imamangidwa. Malamulo okula broccoli amasonyeza kuti ndi bwino kuwombera mmawa, pamene ali ndi madzi ambiri. Dziwani kuti simukufunikira kuyembekezera nthawi imene mutu umatenga kulemetsa kwakukulu, chifukwa pamene uli wobiriwira, ndi wokoma kwambiri. Mbewu yoyamba iyenera kusungidwa pafupifupi sabata mufiriji, ndipo zotsatirazi ndizoyenera kuteteza nthawi yaitali.

Kukula broccoli panja - matenda

Kusamalira za chikhalidwe cha masamba nthawi zina kumakhala kovuta ndi maonekedwe a matenda ena, chifukwa kuchotsedwa kwa njira zofunikira ndizofunikira. Kukula broccoli pamalo otseguka kungakhale limodzi ndi mavuto ngati awa:

1. Msolo wakuda. Nthawi zambiri zimakhudza mbande, zimachepetsa makosi a mbande, zomwe zimawathandiza kuchepetsa ndi kuzizira kwa tsinde. Matendawa amachotsedwa, ndipo nthaka imatsanulidwa ndi mankhwala a potassium permanganate, pogwiritsa ntchito 3-4 g kwa madzi okwanira 10 malita. Pambuyo pake, mbande sizothira kwa sabata.
2. Bel. Ngati chisamaliro cha broccoli mu nthaka yotseguka sichikuchitika molingana ndi malamulo, ndiye kuti pali nkhondo yofanana ndi utoto wa mafuta. Zowawa zitsamba zichotsedwe, ndipo otsala zomera amachizidwa ndi mkuwa wokonzekera.
3. Vuto loyera. Matendawa amadziwonetsera mwa njira zosiyanasiyana, mwachitsanzo, pangakhale kangaude ndi kuvunda kwa tsinde. Pofuna kuthana ndi mankhwalawa, muzisamalira broccoli ndi mankhwala omwe ali ndi mkuwa.
4. Vascular bacteriosis. Matendawa amatsimikiziridwa ndi mapiri a chikasu a masamba, omwe amadutsa nthawi. Mitengo imayenera kuchitidwa ndi mankhwala "Planrys" kapena "Trichodermin"

Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda a broccoli panja

Pofuna kuteteza zowonongeka zamasamba kuti ziwonongeke, zimalimbikitsa kupanga mankhwala ndi kulowetsedwa kuchokera ku zimayambira ndi masamba a tomato kapena mbatata monga kupewa. Ngati simukumbukira zodziwika bwino za kukula kwa broccoli, ndiye kuti n'zotheka kulimbana ndi tizirombo :

1. Kabichi ntchentche. Kuyambira nthawi yobzala, ndikofunika kuyang'ana zomera kuti ziwoneke mazira, ndipo ngati zipezeka, m'pofunikira kuzichotsa pansi ndi tsinde ndikutsanulira mu nthaka yatsopano, kubzala mitengo. Kuti musayese ntchentche za kabichi, perekani nthaka pafupi ndi fumbi la fodya.
2. Kabichi nsabwe za m'masamba. Pamene mukukula broccoli kutchire, mawonekedwe a tizilombowa amawoneka, kuti tipewe zomwe zimayenera kuchotsa nsabwe za m'masamba.
3. Kumeneko. Tizilombo timayambitsa mazira pansi pa tsamba la kabichi, lomwe liyenera kuchotsedwa pamanja. Kuopseza agulugufe, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tipunthwe pa zingwe, zomwe ziyenera kukhala zapamwamba kuposa kabichi, zopanda kanthu dzira chipolopolo.