Cholingwa cha Huntington ndi matenda obadwa nawo, kuphatikizapo maonekedwe a zosagwirizana ndi ena, kuchepa kwa nzeru ndi chitukuko cha matenda a maganizo. Matendawa akhoza kukula mwa abambo ndi amayi pa msinkhu uliwonse, koma nthawi zambiri zizindikiro zoyambirira za Huntington za chorea zimakhala zaka 35 mpaka 40.
Zizindikiro za Matenda a Huntington
Chizindikiro chachikulu cha matenda a Huntington ndi chorea, chomwe chikuwonetsedwa ndi kusokonekera komanso kusagwirizana. Poyamba, izi ndizing'ong'onoting'ono zochepa pokhudzana ndi kayendetsedwe ka manja ndi mapazi. Kusuntha uku kungakhale pang'onopang'ono kapena mofulumira. Pang'onopang'ono, amagwira thupi lonse ndikukhala chete, kudya kapena kuvala zimakhala zosatheka. Pambuyo pake, zizindikiro zina za matenda a Huntington zimayamba kugwirizana ndi chizindikiro ichi:
- mavuto ndi njira yoyesa ndi kumeza;
- kupweteka kwa mawu;
- mavuto ndi kugona;
- Kuphwanya miseche.
Poyambirira, pangakhale mavuto akuluakulu a umunthu ndi ntchito zamaganizo. Mwachitsanzo, wodwalayo ali ndi kuphwanya ntchito za kuganiza kosagwirizana. Zotsatira zake, sangathe kukonza zochita, kuzichita ndi kuwapatsa mayeso oyenera. Ndiye vutoli limakhala loopsa kwambiri: munthu amakhala wansanje, amadziletsa kugonana, amadzikonda yekha, amakhala ndi maganizo okhwima komanso amamwa mowa (kuledzeretsa, kutchova njuga) kumawonjezeka.
Kuzindikira Matenda a Huntington
Kuzindikira kwa matenda a Huntington kumagwiritsidwa ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito njira zosiyanasiyana zowunika maganizo ndi kuunika. Zina mwa njira zothandizira, malo apamwamba akugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi kujambula kwa maginito ndi masewera. Ndi chithandizo chawo kuti muone malo a ubongo.
Kuyezetsa magazi kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kuchokera ku njira zowunikira. Ngati zoposa 38 trinucleotide zatsalira za CAG zimapezeka mu HD geni, matenda a Huntington adzatuluka mu 100%. Pachifukwa ichi, zocheperapo chiwerengero cha zatsalira, moyo wamtsogolo mtsogolo udzawonetsa chorea.
Kuchiza kwa Matenda a Huntington
Mwatsoka, matenda a Huntington ndi osachiritsidwa. Pakali pano, polimbana ndi matendawa, ndi mankhwala okhawo omwe amachititsa kuti mkhalidwe wa wodwalayo ukhale wathanzi.
Mankhwala othandiza kwambiri, omwe amaletsa zizindikiro za matendawa, ndi Tetrabenazine. Komanso mankhwalawa ndi mankhwala odana ndi Parkinsonian:
- Bromocriptine;
- Levodopa;
- Pergolid.
Kuchotsa hyperkinesia ndi kuchepetsa kuthamanga kwa minofu, valproic acid imagwiritsidwa ntchito. Chithandizo cha kuvutika maganizo mu matendawa chikuchitika ndi Prozac, Citalopram, Zoloft ndi zina zoteteza serotonin reuptake inhibitors. Pamene mukupanga psychoses, antipychotic antipychotic (Risperidone, Clozapine kapena Amisulpride) amagwiritsidwa ntchito.
Chiyembekezo cha moyo mwa anthu omwe akudwala matenda a Huntington amachepa kwambiri. Kuchokera panthawi yomwe maonekedwe oyambirira a chiwopsezo cha imfa amatha kungadutsa zaka 15 zokha. Pa nthawi yomweyo, yoopsa
- kudzipha kudzipha;
- chibayo;
- matenda a mtima.
Chifukwa ichi ndi matenda a chibadwa, chitetezo chokha sichipezeka. Koma pogwiritsira ntchito njira zowunikira (matenda opatsirana pogonana ndi DNA) sichiyenera kukana, chifukwa ngati mutangoyamba kumene kuchipatala, mungathe kutalikitsa moyo wa wodwalayo.