Chokongoletsera chodyera cha munda ndi munda chidzakhala physalis, chomwe chimalima chomwe sichiri chovuta kwambiri kuposa kukonza tomato. Woimira Solanaceae amakula chitsamba chachikulu, chodzala ndi nyali zofiira ndi zachikasu zonyezimira, monga zipatso zimakula, zimakhala ndi kukoma kwabwino ndi fungo.
Kodi Physalis amawoneka bwanji?
Maina a chomera ichi sangathe kudziwika, koma mabotolo ake otchuka amadziwika bwino kwa aliyense. Palibe zodabwitsa kuti Physalis anali kutchulidwa ndi nyali zachi Chinese: zofiira ndi zofiira zofiira za mtundu wofiira zikufanana ndi mapepala a mapepala omwe analoledwa kupita kumwamba. Malinga ndi kufotokoza kwa physalis mu chinenero, amatchulidwa kuti Solanaceae, wotchedwa wachibale wapatali wa phwetekere.
Komabe, wina sayenera kuiwala kuti pakati pa mitundu pali zakudya ndi zokongoletsa:
- zokongoletsera sizili zoyenera kudya, izi ndi maluwa obiriwira kwambiri ozizira kwambiri;
- pali mtundu wa physalis, wochokera ku Mexico (umakhala wofanana kwambiri ndi tomato yamatcheri, motero nthawi zambiri umatchedwa tomato wa Mexico);
- Mitengo ya mabulosi imakhala ndi mizu ya South America, zipatso mkati mwa nyali ndizochepa kwambiri ndipo zimafanana ndi zazikulu za currants kapena gooseberries.
Kodi Physlis akukula kuti?
Chilichonse chatsopano m'minda yathu yakhitchini ndikutchuka komanso kukulira. Physalis inagwa m'matumba athu pafupi nthawi yomweyo. Komabe, njira yake inali yayifupi kwambiri, chifukwa nthawi zambiri magalasi ofiira ankagwiritsidwa ntchito pokhapokha kuti azitulutsa maluwa owuma. Pamene physalis ikukula bwino m'mitima yathu, mabulosi ndi maluwa akhala akudziwika.
Zimakhala zovuta kutcha mtengo wamba physalis, ukukula kukhala wosasangalatsa. Ndibwino kuti mukuwerenga Brew olimba mtima kwambiri pa mabulosi osiyanasiyana kupanikizana, kulawa ngati caramel. Ku dziko lakwawo, ku Central ndi South America, ndi chabe namsongole. Kumtchire, zomera zimakula popanda thandizo laumunthu. Pambuyo pa kuonekera kwa mitundu ya zipatso, zipatsozo zinayamba kukula m'madera akumapiri monga zipatso.
Physalis - mitundu
Kusankha kudzala mu mitundu yake ya masamba ndi mabulosi, ndi bwino kuphunzira zambiri za mitundu yotchuka. Pofuna kupeza mbeu pampikisano wapamwamba komanso phindu lalikulu sizingakhale vuto. Komabe, ngati mukuyesera kukula chinachake chatsopano pa tsamba lanu, ndiye kuti mukhoza kuyesedwa mitundu kuti mugwire ntchito. Zimakhudza ndi kukula kokhala ndi mitundu yodyera.
Physalis "Strawberry"
Ngati cholinga chanu ndi kukula kwa physalis zipatso ngati mchere wodabwitsa, ndiye kuti zosiyanasiyanazi ndizo zabwino. Iwo amatanthauza mitundu ya mabulosi kapena sitiroberi. Kutchuka kwake kukukula chaka chilichonse, ndipo chifukwa chake pali zifukwa zolemetsa:
- Dzina la kununkhira ndi kukoma kwa chipatso kumamveka bwino, zipatso zazing'ono zonunkhira za strawberries ndi zokondweretsa za caramel;
- Kukonzekera kuchokera ku zipatso zazing'ono mungathe pafupifupi chirichonse kuchokera ku kupanikizana kupita ku mankhwala osiyanasiyana, kuti muzindikire kuti chinthu chofunika kwambiri cha mchere ndi chovuta, chifukwa chiri chofanana ndi caramel, koma chikuwoneka ngati phwetekere yamatumbu;
- tchire amatambasula 70 masentimita, iwo sakufuna, ndipo amatha kulima munda wamaluwa.
Physalis "Bell"
Mtundu wina umene udzapatse chipatso cha physalis chokhala ndi maonekedwe abwino kwambiri pokonzekera kupweteka kapena kupanikizana. Zipatso zitatha kucha, zidzakhala ndi mtundu wobiriwira wa lalanje, zomwe zimaphatikizapo mfundo imodzi ku bokosi la ndalama. Zina mwa ubwino waukulu wa wosakanizidwa wa wolemba ndi awa:
- zipatso zabwino zomwe zimadya mwatsopano ndi zophika, zoyenera zokoma ndi zamchere zowonongeka;
- phesi ndi lamphamvu, limakula mpaka mamita okwera, likufalikira;
- Nthawi yosakaniza ndi yachisanu, yoyenera kukula kunja.
Physalis "Franche"
Pamene cholinga chake ndi kukongoletsa chipinda, mawonekedwe okongoletsera amakula. Physalis panyumba adzathetsa maonekedwe a maluwa owuma, sichidzasintha mtundu wa tochi, sichidzataya mthunzi wake woyambirira. Tiyenera kumvetsetsa kuti pofanana ndi mitundu yodyedwa, mitundu yokongoletsera ndi yoopsa, ndipo siidyidyidwanso. Mabulosi okongoletsera amasiyana kwambiri ndi mtundu: M'malo mwa mchere wonyezimira, bokosi atatha kusasitsa umakhala wofiira. "Franche" ali ndi nyali yofiira ya malalanje ofiira, zipatso mkati mwa mtundu wofiira wa chitumbuwa.
Physalis Korolek
Zina mwa mitundu ya physalis imakhalanso kucha. "Korolec" amatanthauza masamba omwe ali ndi nthawi yochepa msanga. Mavitaminiwa sagwiritsidwa ntchito mwatsopano, kukoma kwake ndi kokoma ndi kowawasa, iwo ndi oyenerera kwambiri. Komabe, mmalo mwa jams ndi jams, amagwiritsidwa ntchito mobwerezabwereza popatula vinyo wouma. Zipatso zisanayambe kuphuka kuchokera kubiriwira mpaka chikasu, monga chikasu chokwera chimadzaza. Mitengo ikulolera ndikupereka makilogalamu asanu. Malinga ndi momwe amaonekera physalis za zosiyanasiyana, chakudya chokonzekera chidzakhala chokongoletsera cha tebulo.
Physalis "Iziumchik"
Pali pakati pa mitundu yonse ya zipatso ndi wapamwamba oyambirira kucha kucha. Fungo losangalatsa ndi losangalatsa kwambiri la physalis la zosiyanasiyana "Iziumchik" ndilo lodziwika kwambiri:
- Masiku okhwima amamvetsa zolemba zonse, ngakhale kuti sizimakhudza khalidwe la kusunga ndipo nyengo yozizira imakhala yosungidwa mpaka miyezi isanu ndi umodzi;
- dzina lake linali lopanda chifukwa, atayanika mu uvuni, wilted zipatso zimapikisana bwinobwino ndi zoumba zenizeni ndipo osapereka kwa icho mu kulawa;
- zipatso zolemera amber-chikasu, kupanikizana kumatembenuka zokoma.
Physalis "Chinanazi"
Izi zosiyanasiyana zimatchedwa classic sitiroberi. Chinthucho ndi kukula kwa chipatso ndi fungo labwino. Physalis "Chinanazi" imakula mofulumira, koma fungo la zipatso zabwino ndi lolemera, ndipo kukoma kwake kumakhala kosasangalatsa. Zizindikiro zotero zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zatsopano. Zipatso zonunkhira, zipatso zabwino zowuma pansi pa zoumba. Kalasiyi imafuna kutentha, choncho ndi yabwino kukula m'madera ofunda.
Kodi chodzala physalis?
Nyenyezi za ku China sizikutanthauza Solanaceae ndipo zimatchedwa achibale ake a tomato, maluso a zamagetsi a kulima kwawo ali pafupi ndi kukonzedwa kwa phwetekere. Yesetsani kubzala physalis ndi mbewu, ndipo zokololazo ndizochepa ndipo zimafuna kudziwa zambiri mu munda wa horticulture. Pali njira zinayi zosiyana zofesa:
- Njira yapakati yozizira imaphatikizapo kufesa mbewu muzowuma m'nyengo yozizira. Kuchokera kumwamba mumakhala ndi mulch wosanjikiza wa masentimita 3 kuchokera ku peat, kompositi kapena humus. Kuwombera ndi zipatso zokoma zidzawonekera patapita nthawi, koma chitsamba chidzakhala chida cholimba kwambiri ndipo zokolola zichuluka. Physalis, yomwe idamera yomwe idakonzedwa m'nyengo yozizira, imagonjetsedwa ndi maonekedwe a matenda ndi tizirombo
- Kufesa mbewu ndi mbeu kumachitika mu maselo apadera. Zimasindikizidwa pafupifupi 1.5 masentimita. Nthaŵi yoyendera ikufika pa nthawi yobzala mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mbatata.
- Kumadera ozizira ndi eni eni othandizira kutentha, njira ya mmera ndi yoyenera.
- Nthaŵi zina physalis imakula mochuluka mwa kudzidalira.
Physalis ya mbewu - momwe mungabzalidwe?
Mitengo yokongoletsera imafalikira ndi mbewu ndi rhizomes, n'zotheka kubzala chitsamba kamodzi, ndiye chomeracho chidzadzichulukitsa mwa kudzidula. Mbewu kapena berry fizalis pa webusaitiyi zimafalitsidwa ndi kukula kwa mbewu. Mofananamo nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito mbeu ndi bezrassadnym njira:
- Mbewu imayenera kuchotsedwa. Kuti muchite izi, tsitsani madzi mu kapu yamadzi ndikuiwonjezera mchere. Sungani mbewu, tulukani zokha pansi, ndipo mapulaneti achotsedwa. Pofuna kuthamangitsa njira yolima, ndibwino kuti tizilumikize zokolola za physalis, kukonzekera njira yothetsera potaziyamu permanganate ndi zolimbikitsa kukula .
- Ngati izo zikukonzekera kuti zikhale pakhomo lotseguka popanda njira yovunda, malowa akukonzekera mu masabata awiri. Amakumba ndikuwonjezera humus ndi phulusa. Pakuti malo omaliza otsegulira amasankha dzuwa. Eya, ngati kale munakula nkhaka kapena kabichi.
- Pakuti kubzala panja, dikirani kumayambiriro kasupe kapena chomera m'nyengo yozizira. Choncho chitsamba chidzakhala champhamvu, ngakhale kuti zokolola zidzakula kwambiri.
- Pamene cholinga chake ndi kupeza Physalis oyambirira, kukula kupyolera mu mbande. Kumapeto kwa March, mukhoza kuyamba bwinobwino. M'bokosi kapena makaseti, mbeu zimayikidwa mpaka mapepala enieni awoneke, kenaka alowetsani m'makapu apadera.
- Njira ya mmera ndi yotheka pokhapokha mu nyengo yotentha komanso pamabedi pansi pa filimuyi. Tchire tating'ono taumitsidwa ndipo pang'onopang'ono tikuzoloŵera kutsegula dzuwa. Kutentha kutentha kwa 13 ° C kumakhazikitsidwa, mbewuzo molimba mtima zimachoka popanda pogona panthawi yonse.
- Kamodzi pa milungu itatu iliyonse, mbande imadyetsedwa ndi njira ya mullein kapena zitosi za mbalame, kuthirira pokha pazu, kuti asawononge masamba oyipa.
- Ngati njira yobzala mbewu idasankhidwa, kutumizidwa kwa physalis kumalo otseguka ndi otetezeka pambuyo pakuonekera masamba asanu kapena asanu. Ndondomeko yoyendetsa maloyi ndi chessboard pamtunda wa masentimita 50. Maphunziro apamwamba amafunikira garter.
Nthawi Yotani Kubzala Physalis?
Physalis wamba kapena kukongoletsera safuna kusowa chaka ndi chaka. Chitsamba chimakhala bwino, kenako chimadzichulukitsa. Mitengo ya Berry ndi masamba imasowa kwambiri. Zomwe zimabzala zimadalira kukhwima ndi kujambula:
- Mitengo ya Peruvia kapena mabulosi ngati kutentha, imakula bwino ndi njira ya mmera, ndiye mbewu zimabzalidwa kumapeto kwa February, ndipo mbeuyo siidzakhala m'malo ake okhazikika mpaka May;
- Zomera zoumba kapena sitiroberi, kubzala kwa mbande zidzagwa pakati pa mwezi wa March, ndipo mu May-midyezi ya June, mbande zikhoza kusamutsidwa kumtunda;
- Kufika kwa nyengo yozizira ndi zabwino kwa mitundu yonse.
Physalis - chisamaliro
Miyendo ya ku China inayamba kuonekera kawirikawiri pamagulu a nyumba zapanyumba ndi nyumba zachilimwe. Malangizo momwe mungalimbikitsire physalis sivuta kuposa tomato. Chitsamba cholimba ndi champhamvu chimapangidwa pambuyo pofika pamalo ake, kuti mupeze mbewu yabwino, malamulo angapo ofunika ayenera kutsatira:
- Chomeracho chimapangidwa ndi kukanikiza mapepala onse omwe ali pansi pa Mphukira yoyamba. Strawberry Chinese nyali mu mapangidwe sakufunikira. Sikofunika kuti pitirizani kuwonjezereka, kuwonjezeka kwa chiwerengero cha nthambi kumathandizira kuwonjezeka kwa zokolola. Pakatikati mwa July ndi nthawi yopeta nsonga za zimayambira, iyi ndiyo njira yowonjezera zokolola.
- Malangizo othandizira kuthirira ndi osiyana ndi nsonga za tomato. Mpaka kutha kwa July, mlungu uliwonse madzulo, August, nyengo ya kuthirira. Njira yoteroyo siidzalola botani kukula bwino, ndi mphamvu yopereka zipatso.
- Manyowa amagwiritsidwa ntchito katatu: choyamba pa nthawi ya maluwa, ndiye panthawi yopanga mwana, pakapita masabata awiri gawo limodzi la magawo atatu la feteleza limapita. Gwiritsani ntchito mineral feteleza, ndipo chitsamba chidzachitapo kanthu ndi zitosi za mbalame.
- Kuchotsa mbewu zomwe mukufunikira kuti zikhale bwino: zamasamba, zimaloledwa kusiya zipatso pansi, zimachotsa strawberries ku nthambi zokha. Zipatso sizimapsa nthawi yomweyo, choncho ndikofunikira kuyendetsa mphindi iyi tsiku ndi tsiku.
Matenda a nkhope
Ngakhale kubzala ndi kusamalira physalis sikusiyana kwambiri ndi kugwira ntchito ndi tomato, mavutowa ndi ocheperapo. Zoona zake n'zakuti tchire sichikudwala. Koma Solanaceae ali ndi matenda angapo amodzi, amaoneka ngati akuphwanya teknoloji yaulimi:
- Msolo wakuda udzapha mbewu zonse, ngati mbewu zowonjezereka, ziwoneka ngati zida zowonongeka komanso kusowa mpweya wabwino;
- onse Solanaceae amaopa mochedwa choipitsa pa ozizira mvula chilimwe pa misa yakucha.