Lamulo la Weber-Fechner ndilo lofunika kwambiri pofufuza m'maganizo a psychophysics, zomwe zimatithandiza kuti tizindikire zomwe zimawoneka kuti sizingatheke kugonjera mtundu uliwonse wa zizindikiro, monga, kumverera kwa munthu.
Lamulo lalikulu la psychophysical la Weber-Fechner
Choyamba, tiyeni tione zofunika kwambiri za mawu awa. Lamulo la Weber-Fechner limanena kuti mphamvu ya umunthu wa munthu ndi yofanana ndi logarithm yowonjezera mphamvu. Zopanda kunena kuti, kuyambira koyamba lamulo lotere la lamulo la Weber-Fechner likuwopsya, koma kwenikweni, chirichonse chiri chophweka.
Kubwerera m'zaka za zana la 19, wasayansi E. Weber adatha kusonyeza mothandizidwa ndi mayesero angapo kuti atsopano atsopano atsopano, kotero kuti munthu adziwe kuti ndi yosiyana ndi yomwe yapitayo, ayenera kukhala ndi kusiyana ndi zosiyana siyana ndi chiwerengero chofanana ndi chiyambi choyamba.
Monga chitsanzo chophweka cha mawu awa, mukhoza kubweretsa maphunziro awiri omwe ali ndi misala. Kwa munthu angawazindikire mosiyana ndi kulemera kwake, chachiwiri chiyenera kukhala chosiyana ndi 1/30.
Chitsanzo china chikhoza kuperekedwa pa kuunikira. Kuti munthu aone kusiyana kwake poyerekeza ndi zikopa ziwiri, kuwala kwake kuyenera kukhala kosiyana ndi 1/100. Izi zikutanthauza kuti pulogalamu ya mababu khumi ndi awiri idzakhala yosiyana kwambiri ndi imodzi yokhayo yowonjezeredwa, ndipo nyali kuchokera pa nyali imodzi, yomwe inawonjezeredwa, idzapereka kuwala kwambiri. Ngakhale kuti bulbu imodzi yokha imaphatikizidwira m'mabuku onsewa, kusiyana kwa kuunikira kudzawoneka mosiyana, chifukwa ndilo chiŵerengero cha chiyeso choyambirira ndi chomwe chiri chofunikira chotsatira.
Lamulo la Weber-Fechner: ndondomeko
Mafotokozedwe omwe takambirana pamwambawa akuthandizidwa ndi ndondomeko yapadera yomwe imasonyeza kuti lamulo la Weber-Fechner la psychophysical likuchita. Mu 1860, Fechner adatha kupanga malamulo omwe amanena kuti mphamvu ya sensation p ili yofanana ndi logarithm yowonjezera mphamvu S:
p = k * log {S} \ {S_0}
kumene S_0 ndikulingalira kuwonetsera mphamvu: ngati S
Kuti mumvetsetse lamuloli, lingaliro la zomwe amati zotetezera, lomwe linakhazikitsidwa panthawi ya maphunziro a psychophysical, ndilofunika kwambiri.
Zosungiramo malamulo a Weber-Fechner malamulo
Pambuyo pake, anapeza kuti mphamvu yowopsya yomwe inalipo imafuna kukwaniritsa gawo lina, kuti munthu akhale ndi mwayi womva zotsatira zake. Zofooka zoterezi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti munthu asamvetsetse bwino, amachitcha kuti malo otsika kwambiri.
Palinso mkhalidwe woterewu, pambuyo pake zowawa sizikutha kuwonjezeka. Pankhaniyi, tikukamba za kumtunda kwa chisokonezo. Mtundu uliwonse wa chikoka munthu amamva yekha ndi nthawi pakati pa zizindikiro ziwirizi, zomwe zimatchedwa kuti zitseko zakunja.
Mmodzi sangathe kunena kuti palibe kufanana molingana ndi mawu omwe ali pakati pa kukula kwa kumva ndi kukwiya ndi kukhala
Pankhaniyi, tikukamba za kuwonjezeka kwa mkwiyo kumakhala kofooka. Ndalama zomwe zokopazo zikuchulukira zimatchedwa chisankho. Izi zikutsatiranso kuti kukhumudwa komwe kuli kochepa kwambiri, kumakhala koyambirira, ndipo kuli ndi mphamvu yambiri ya supramarginal. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, mlingo wa zizindikirozi umadalira chisamaliro chokhudzana ndi tsankho - ngati chidwi cha chisankho chiri chapamwamba, ndiye kuti chisankho chotsutsana, ndi chochepa.