Pafupifupi munda woterewu, sungakhale tomato wokoma. Ndipo izi ziribe kanthu kuti phwetekere amawoneka ngati whimsical chikhalidwe. Komabe, pafupi mwini aliyense ayenera kukumana ndi mavuto osiyanasiyana akukula. Choncho, mwachitsanzo, nthawi zambiri m'chilimwe cha tchire la tomato zimayamba kupotoza masamba. Ndipo monga chodabwitsa ichi sichimasokoneza chipatso chobala, koma ndithudi chimachepetsa zomera. Kotero, ife tikuuzani inu momwe mungakonzere tomato kuti masamba asapse.
Zifukwa zomwe masamba a phwetekere amapotoka
Nthawi yomweyo ndiyenera kunena kuti kusuntha kwa masamba pa phwetekere kumawonekera pa zifukwa zosiyanasiyana. Kaŵirikaŵiri izi zimakhala chifukwa chosagwirizana ndi chisamaliro ndi matenda. Kotero, mwachitsanzo, nthawi zambiri vutoli limakhala lopanda chonde pamene nthaka ilibe zinthu zosiyanasiyana. Kupanda nayitrogeni ndikowuni yaikulu ya chifukwa tomato amatembenukira chikasu ndi kupotoka. Choyamba, masamba apansi amavutika poyamba, ndiye masamba apamwamba. Popanda phosphorous, nsonga za phwetekere zimapotoka ndipo zimadetsedwa.
Zimakhalanso kuti chifukwa cha chitukuko chosasamala cha tomato chingakhale madzi okwanira kapena nthawi yayitali. Chifukwa cha izi, kuvunda kwa mizu kumayambira, kupita ku tsinde ndi masamba. Ndipo zotsirizirazo ndi zamaso ndi zopotoka.
Kawirikawiri masamba a tomato amaletsedwa chifukwa chakuti zomera zimakhala zosalondola kuchotsedwa kwa stepsons. Chowonadi ndi chakuti alimi ambiri amalima amachotsa mphukira pa nthawi yolakwika, ndipo patapita nthawi yofunikira. Pa nthawi imodzimodziyo, masamba ochepa a zomera amatha kuchotsedwa, zomwe zimabweretsa mavuto mu phwetekere, ndipo chifukwa cha kupotoza masamba.
Kawirikawiri chifukwa chake tomato amadwala masamba osokonekera, akhoza kukhala ndi matenda a tizilombo. Zotsatira zomwezo zimatentha kwambiri, tizirombo ndi kusowa kwa madzi okwanira nthawi yake.
Kodi ndingatani ngati masamba a phwetekere atapotoka?
Vuto ndi kupukuta tsamba mu tomato limathetsedwa mosiyana, malingana ndi chifukwa chimene chinachititsa kusintha koteroko. M'nyengo yotentha, nyengo yowonjezera, yowonjezera m'mabedi otentha wowonjezera akulimbikitsidwa kutseketsa nthawi zambiri. Tomato omwe amamera pamalo otentha pamatentha amatha kutetezedwa ku dzuwa lowala ndi nsalu yoyera.
Pomwe pali kusowa kwa mchere, feteleza akuwonetsedwa: humus, phulusa, potaziyamu monophosphate, mkuwa sulphate. Nthawi zina kuwongolera masamba mu phwetekere kumachitika mutatha mankhwala ndi yankho la urea (supuni 2 mutenge ndowa). Amapereka chakudya chopatsa thanzi ndi feteleza chovuta cha Rastvorin. Masipuni awiri a mankhwalawo amasungunuka mu chidebe cha madzi.
Polimbana ndi vutoli, osati kutsanulira tomato, kuti masamba asagwedezeke, yesetsani kupopera mabedi ndi kukula kokonda, monga Energen, Zircon, succinic acid, Señor tomato, Pennant. Mankhwalawa ndi othandiza makamaka pakakhala pasynkovanii yolakwika, kusowa madzi okwanira, nyengo zovuta.
Pamene zomera zazing'ono zimakhudzidwa ndi tizirombo, mwachitsanzo, nsabwe za m'masamba, kangaude, whitefly, mankhwala ndi tizilombo. Zotsatira zabwino zimalonjezedwa ndi mankhwala monga Alatar, Biotlin, Fufalon.
Ngati mukuganiza kuti mabedi ndi tomato anagonjetsa matenda kapena bowa, timalimbikitsa kupopera mbewu ndi fungicides. Ntchito yogwiritsira ntchito mankhwala Topaz, 2 ml omwe ayenera kusungunuka mu chidebe cha madzi. Zotsatira zabwino ndi tizilombo ta tizilombo toyambitsa matenda zimaperekedwa ndi Ordan. Pakati pa 5-6 malita a madzi mutengere 20-25 g. Mukhoza kuyesa tomato ndi phytofluorine (5 malita a madzi kuchepetsa 7-7.5 g), wofooka rozenge yankho la manganese kapena yankho la mkuwa sulfate.