Maluwa awa mwa anthu amatchedwa tangent, ndi sayansi - iris. Ali ndi maluwa akuluakulu owala kwambiri pamilingo yambiri, akudzaza munda wamaluwa kuyambira theka lachiwiri la mwezi wa May kufika kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa July. Ichi ndi chomera chosatha, koma kuonetsetsa kuti chimamera bwino chaka chotsatira, mutatha maluwa, chisamaliro choyenera cha iris chiyenera kutsimikiziridwa.
Ganizirani zomwe ziyenera kuchitidwa patatha izi.
Irises: Kusamala pambuyo pa maluwa
Ndipotu, kusamalira irises mu nthawiyi ndi lophweka:
- chotsani namsongole ndi kumasula nthaka ndi dzanja;
- nthawi yake manyowa ndi feteleza;
- kuwononga tizirombo ndi kuchitira matenda;
- kuthirira ndi kuikidwa bwino.
Kudulira kwa irises pambuyo maluwa
Nthawi yomweyo maluwawo atatha, ziboliboli zimatuluka pansi pa chitsambacho. Nthawi yoyamba imene frosts ibwera, m'pofunika kudula theka la masamba a iris pambuyo pa maluwa, komanso pamene mubzala. Ngati masambawo atakhala achikasu posachedwa, ayenera kudulidwa.
Top kuvala kwa irises pambuyo maluwa
Mu mwezi mutatha kuphulika kwa iris, m'pofunika kudyetsa iwo ndi mineral feteleza omwe ali ndi phosphorous ndi potaziyamu. Manyowawa ayenera kugwiritsa ntchito 15 g (supuni 1) pansi pa maluwa onse. Simungagwiritse ntchito manyowa kuti mupange feteleza irises, ngakhale kuyambiranso, chifukwa izi zingayambitse chitukuko pa mizu kapena tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Monga chovala chophweka pamwamba mungagwiritse ntchito kompositi .
Kusindikiza irises pambuyo maluwa
Nthawi yabwino kwambiri yobzala irises ndi nyengo ya chilimwe. Choncho, irises amaikidwa pamapeto pake pachimake patatha masabata awiri, panthawi yomwe mizu yatsopano imayamba kuonekera pazitsamba, koma maluwa sanagwidwe. Dulani mawonekedwewo ayenera kukhala abwino, osati kukumba maluwa onsewo.
Kwa kubzala, pachaka kumamera ndi awiri a 1-2 masentimita ndipo kutalika kwa masentimita atatu kumagwiritsidwa ntchito.
Kodi mungakonzekere bwanji mphukira? Kuti muchite izi, gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a masamba onse ayenera kutalika ndipo mizu yake ifupikitsidwe mpaka masentimita 8 mpaka 10. Ndikofunika kukonzekera malo musanadzalemo. Malowa ayenera kukhala a dzuwa, monga momwe mthunzi wa irises sumakhalira. Maluwa kapena bedi, zomwe irises zidzakula bwino ndi masentimita 15. M'nthaka yobzala, organic ndi mineral feteleza ziyenera kuyambitsidwa (koma manyowa sangapangidwe). Ngati dothi lili losavuta, phulusa limatha kuwonjezeredwa. Pambuyo pake, malo a dziko lapansi adakumbidwanso kenaka ndikugona ndi malo otsetsereka pang'ono kumwera.
Mukadzala mbewu kapena kumera, malamulo otsatirawa ayenera kutsatira:
- Mphuno ya mphukira iyenera kuikidwa pamtunda ndi nthaka, ndipo masamba ayenera kuyima molunjika.
- Mmera wabzalidwa m'dzenje, kukula kwake kukufanana ndi kutalika kwa mizu ya mphukira, podziwa kuti ndikofunikira kupanga kondomeko kakang'ono kuti kayike mizu yake.
- Mutabzala, zimera pang'ono mu dzenje ndikuzaza ndi nthaka.
- Anamwetsanso kuti adzalitse irises nthawi yomweyo ndi pambuyo masiku 3-5.
- Iris ndi chomera chokonda kwambiri, koma pamasiku otentha kwambiri m'pofunika kupanga mthunzi wopangira.
- Mbande ziyenera kubzalidwa pamtunda wa 30-40 masentimita kwa wina ndi mnzake.
- Pofuna kupewa matenda osiyanasiyana, mizu ya zomera musanadzalemo iyenera kuyang'aniridwa bwino, kutsukidwa ndi kumizidwa mu mdima wothetsera
margantsovki kwa theka la ora.
Mutabzala, mphukira zatsopano zikuyamba kukula patatha masabata awiri, chifukwa mizu yawo, kuyambira ali mwana, ikufunika kukula.
Kuwaza ndi kugawa irises sizingatheke chaka chilichonse, koma zaka 4-5 zokha.
Nthendayi itatha maluwa a irises amaonedwa kuti ndi abwino, pamene kuli kofunikira kudula ndi kubzala maluwa awa, popeza, atachita izi m'chilimwe, zidzatheka kuti zitsimikizire kuti zidzakula kwambiri isanafike nyengo yozizira ndipo zidzapulumuka bwino.