Helenium - kubzala ndi kusamalira panja, malangizo kwa wamaluwa

Mu autumn, flowerbeds imataya kukongola, koma pali maluwa mbewu zomwe zimaphukira panthawiyi. Olima munda amalangiza kuti azisamalira helenium, kubzala ndi kusamalira pamalo otseguka omwe sichidzafuna kulengedwa kwapadera. Bright golide ndi machungwa maluwa adzasangalala ndi diso kuyambira kumapeto kwa chilimwe mpaka oyambirira autumn.

Helenium - mitundu

Mwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya wamaluwa amagwiritsa ntchito mitundu isanu ya maluŵa awa, omwe adagawidwa m'mitundu yambiri.

1. "Goupez". Chomera chosatha, chomwe chimatalika kufika pafupifupi mamita 1. Mu chilengedwe chimakula kumadera a North America. Masamba obiriwira ndi owopsa, ndipo peduncles ndi yaitali. Kwa iwo omwe ali ndi chidwi pamene helenium imatuluka pachiguduli, muyenera kudziwa kuti izi zimachitika kuyambira June mpaka July ndipo kenako maluwa achikasu amaoneka bwino, kufika pamtunda wa masentimita 9.
2. "Bigelow." Mitunduyi ndi yosavuta ndipo imamera kuyambira June mpaka July. Zimayambira bwino ndikukula mpaka masentimita 80. Masamba ndi abwino komanso amphamvu, ndipo inflorescences ndi tubular ndipo ndi masentimita 6 m'mimba mwake.
3. Spring. Kuti mudziwe momwe mchere wa mtunduwu umayendera, muyenera kuzindikira kuti zowoneka bwino zimatha kufika mamita 1. Masamba obiriwira ali ndi lanceolate, ndipo maluŵa akuluakulu ali ndi mapala a orange. Chiyambi cha maluwa chikuchitika mu Meyi.
4. Zophatikiza. Gululi likuphatikizapo mitundu yambiri yamaluwa ndi hybrids, komanso mitundu yochokera pachiyambi. Zimasiyana mu kukula, nthawi ya maluwa ndi mtundu.
5. Kutha. Mitundu yowonjezereka, yomwe zimayambira kufika kutalika kwa masentimita 160. Masambawa ndi ang'ono ndipo ali ndi mapepala pamphepete. Mafinya ali ndi chikasu kapena chikasu chofiira ndi chikasu chamkati. Maluwa amawonedwa kuyambira kumapeto kwa July mpaka kumayambiriro kwa autumn.

Helenium - kutsika

Nthawi yomweyo tiyenera kutchula kuti kubzala kumakhala kochepa, ndipo ziribe kanthu kaya kukwera kumeneku kudzachitika mwamsanga mutatha kukolola kapena pakapita nthawi. Izi ziyenera kuganiziridwa ndi anthu omwe samvetsa chifukwa chake Helenium sanauke, chifukwa ichi ndi chofala. Ndi bwino kugula mbewu mu sitolo, ndipo mwayi wowera kumera. Kukula kwa helenium kuchokera ku mbewu, kubzala ndi kusamalira kuthengo kuyenera kulingalira ziwerengero zazinthu:

1. Ndi bwino kudzala mbewu pa mbande kuti zikhale ndi mbande zolimba zomwe zidzakonzedweratu. Amayamba ntchito mu February.
2. Choyamba, zokololazo ziyenera kumangidwa. Kuti muchite izi, bzalani nyemba m'dothi, kenaka mukulunga mphika pamwamba ndi filimu ndikuyiyika mufiriji. Ikani izo kwa miyezi 1.5. ndiyeno nkulowa kutentha.
3. Kubzala gelenium yosatha kumatanthawuza kugwiritsa ntchito kuunikira kwapangidwe mtsogolo. Mukhoza kuika magalasi pamwamba pa mphika kuti apange mvula yowonjezera. Kutentha kwakukulu kwa kumera ndi 18-22 ° C. Musaiwale kumwa madzi.
4. Mbande ziyenera kuonekera pambuyo pa masabata 2-3 kenako galasi iyenera kuchotsedwa. Pamene mbande ikuyamba kukula ndipo masamba 2-3 akuwonekera, amawombana.

Momwe mungamabzalitsire helenium?

Ndikofunika kusankha malo abwino kuti mukhale ndi chikhalidwe cha maluwa. Ndibwino kusankha masikiti a dzuwa a nthaka yotseguka, ngakhale kuti duwa nthawi zambiri limakhala m'malo amdima. Ponena za nthaka, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tisankhe malo ochepa, osalowerera ndale, omwe ali ndi thanzi komanso okonzedwa bwino. Wamaluwa amalangiza kuti musanayambe kukumba malo ndi manyowa . Kufika helenium pansi, kumachitika mogwirizana ndi njira iyi:

1. Dothi lofukula liyenera kukhala maulendo 2 a mzuzi. Musanabzala mbewu, ndibwino kuti mizu ikhale kumizidwa m'madzi kwa mphindi pang'ono kuti ikhale yodzaza ndi chinyezi.
2. Mukamabzala zitsanzo zingapo, dziwani kuti pamakhala masentimita 30 pakati pawo, ndi masentimita 35 pakati pa mizere.
3. Kuyamba helenium, kubzala ndi kusamalira panja kumaphatikizapo njira monga mulching . Gwiritsani ntchito peat kapena humus bwino.

Helenium - nthawi iti yobzala?

Nthaŵi imene zomera zimabzalidwa zimadalira njira yomwe inasankhidwa. Ngati zinasankhidwa kufesa mbewu za mbande, ndiye kuti muzigwira ntchito bwino kumapeto kwa February kapena kumayambiriro kwa March. Pofesa kudzachitika poyera, ndikofunikira kuyembekezera nthawi yomwe dziko lapansi lidzatenthedwa ndipo usiku chisanu chidzachotsedwa. Kwa autumn helenium iyi ndi May kapena kuyamba kwa June.

Kodi maluwa a helenium amawoneka bwanji?

Ngati malamulo onse odzala ndi osamala akuwonetsedwa, ndipo zokololazo zinali zabwino, ndiye mphukira zoyamba ziyenera kuchitika masabata angapo. Zimakhala ngati ulusi woonda, pamapeto pake pomwe padzakhala masamba awiri. Okalamba gelenium akutalika, masamba ambiri adzawonekera. Ngati mbande zakula kwambiri, mphukira zimakhala bwino.

Helenium - kulima ndi kusamalira

Kuti mukhale ndi chitukuko choyenera, ganizirani zingapo zoyamikira zokhudzana ndi chisamaliro:

1. Kulima kwa helenium pamalo otseguka kumatanthauzanso kuti nthaka imamasulidwa nthawi zambiri, chifukwa ndi bwino kuti imatonthozedwa bwino.
2. Kuti mupeze maluwa akutali ndi obiriwira, ndikofunikira kuchotsa inflorescences omwe atha kale. Ngati mukufuna kupeza nthambi zambiri ndi chitsamba chophwima, ndiye kuti muyenera kutsitsa pamwamba.
3. Kamodzi pakatha zaka zitatu, ndibwino kuti mutenge ndi kubzala maluwa. Tikulimbikitseni kuti muzigawike muzipinda zingapo.
4. Kukula kwa helenium kwa nthawi yayitali, kukwera kwake ndi kusamalidwa pamalo oonekera kumaphatikizapo malamulo okhudza nyengo yozizira. Choyamba, dulani zimayambira kuti pakhale masentimita 10 kuchokera pansi. Pamwamba pa iwo, kuphimba ndi utuchi kapena zinthu zina zoyenera.

Bzalani helenium - kuthirira

Chimodzi mwa zinthu zofunika kuti asamalire bwino ndi kuthirira, chifukwa maluwawa salola kuletsa chilala. N'zosatheka kulekerera kuyanika ndi kuchepa kwa madzi m'nthaka. Ndi bwino kusankha ulimi wothirira. Kuti kukula kwa gelenium kukule, kusamalira kunja kumaphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito madzi kutentha. Pambuyo kuthirira, nthawi yomweyo m'pofunikira kumasula nthaka kuti chinyezi chisamangokhala komanso mpweya umalowa mizu.

Helenium m'munda - kudyetsa

Maluwa atakula mu nthaka amatulutsa bwino feteleza komanso m'nyengo ya chilimwe, njira zitatu ziyenera kuchitidwa:

1. Kwa iwo omwe ali ndi chidwi chofuna kulera helenium kunja, nkoyenera kudziwa kuti chakudya choyamba chiyenera kuchitika mu Meyi. Gwiritsani ntchito kusakaniza: 10 malita a madzi ofunda amatengedwa 1 tbsp. supuni ya potaziyamu sulfate ndi fetereza "Effeton". Pa 1 m ² aliyense ayenera kukhala 3 malita a feteleza.
2. Chovala chotsatira pamwambachi chimachitika ndi kuyamba kwa maluwa. Pankhani iyi, 10 malita a madzi amatengedwa pa 1 tbsp. zikho "Agricola-7" ndi "Agricola-fantasy", ndi 1 lita imodzi ya madzi mullein . Kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza kotereku kumakhala kofanana ndi yoyamba yofotokozera pamwamba kuvala.
3. Kwa nthawi yachitatu, feteleza amagwiritsidwa ntchito kumapeto kwa October. Pachifukwa ichi, kusakaniza uku ndi koyenera: 10 malita a madzi amawonjezeredwa ku 1 tbsp. supuni ya superphosphate ndi potaziyamu sulphate. Pa 1m ² aliyense ayenera kukhala 5 malita a feteleza.

Helenium - kubereka

Pali njira zingapo zomwe zili zoyenera kufalikira kwa maluwa. Mmene mungachitire izi ndi mbewu zakhala zikufotokozedwa poyamba, koma pali njira ziwiri zina:

1. Kubalana ndi kugawa kwa rosettes. Njira yosavuta yopangira. Tchire zimakhala ndi zimayambira zosiyana zomwe zimapanga mawonekedwe a spiked. Muzaka zitatu, pafupifupi kukula kumakula mpaka 30 zimayambira ndipo malo okhala ndilololedwa. Chitani bwino m'dzinja kapena masika mu May. Bzalani helenium yoyambilira kukumba ndikugawaniza mizu muzigawo zingapo, zomwe zimabzalidwa m'malo osankhidwa.
2. Kubalana ndi cuttings. Njirayi imagwiritsidwa ntchito pa nthawi ya kukula kwa yogwira ntchito. Gwiritsani ntchito mpeni, kudula zipatso 10-12 cm masentimita ndi kuwagwiritsira ndi njira yothetsera mizu yofulumira, mwachitsanzo, "Kornevin". Pambuyo pake, amatha kutsetsereka m'madzi kapena nthawi yomweyo amatsikira ku nthaka mu wowonjezera kutentha. Pamene mizu ikuwonekera, ndiye amabzalidwa pamalo osatha.

Bzalani helenium - matenda ndi tizilombo toononga

Munthu sangathe koma kusangalala ndi mfundo yakuti maluwa amenewa amatsutsana ndi tizilombo tosiyanasiyana ndi matenda, koma chrysanthemum nematode imawonedwa nthawi zonse. Pankhaniyi, helenium m'munda umayamba kuuma ndi masamba owuma. Ndibwino kuti malo okhudzidwa adzidwe ndi kuwotchedwa. Pofuna kupewa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, tizilombo toyambitsa matenda kapena sulfure tiyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito kunthaka.