Escapism

Escapism (kuchokera ku Chingerezi kuthawa, lomwe potembenuza limatanthawuza kuthawa, kuthawa kuchoka ku chenicheni) ndicho chokhumba cha munthu kapena gulu la anthu kuti achoke ku miyezo yowunikira kwambiri ya moyo. Mukumvetsetsa kosavuta kwambiri, gawo lachisokonezo la kuthawa ndi chilakolako chothawa mavuto mwa kulowa m'maganizo. Njira yopulumukira ikhoza kukhala ntchito, chipembedzo, kugonana, masewera a pakompyuta - chilichonse chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati malipiro a mavuto ena.

Escapism: mbiri ya mbiriyakale

Mwachidule cha mawu, kupulumuka ndi funso lokhalitsa komanso kuyesa kubwereza zomwe zivomerezedwa ndi anthu. Ndikofunika kumvetsetsa kuti nthawi zonse izi zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi msinkhu waukulu wa chitukuko cha anthu, popeza kuti kusiyana kotere kumakhala kosatheka, chifukwa kumayambitsa imfa.

Zitsanzo zabwino kwambiri zomwe zimawulula lingaliro la kuthawa mwachindunji ndizo mbiri ya anthu otchuka. Mwachitsanzo, wafilosofi wachigiriki wakale dzina lake Heraclitus (540-480 BC) adanyansidwa kwambiri ndi anthu a ku Efeso, chifukwa cha zomwe adazisiya mumzindawu ndi kukhazikitsa nyumba yake m'mapiri, kudyetsa zitsamba ndi zomera. Chitsanzo cha kuthawa kosatha chingatumikire komanso filosofi wotchuka Diogenes, yemwe, ngakhale kuti ankakhala pakati pa anthu, koma adasonyeza kuti ali yekhayekha ku zikhalidwe zomwe amavomereza kuti agona m'mbiya.

Kuchokera nthawi imeneyo mpaka lero, pali zitsanzo zambiri za kuthawa, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimawoneka ngati zosayenera: kuthawira ku zenizeni, zomwe munthu sangathe kuzichita m'njira zina.

Chinthu chovomerezeka komanso chachikulu cha kuthawa ndikumangika kwa zipembedzo zam'dziko limodzi - Buddhism ndi Chikhristu. Monasticism ndi njira yopulumukira, koma mawonekedwe awa amalemekezedwa. Mofananamo, timakumbukira nthawi zakale za kuzunzidwa kwa anthu onyenga - komanso amakhalanso ndi malamulo osiyana ndipo, makamaka, amawonetsera chimodzi mwa ziwonetsero za kuthawa.

M'nthaŵi yathu ino, kuyambira m'zaka za zana la 20, momwe makampani akhala akukulirakulira mwamsanga, mitundu yatsopano yopulumukira yaonekera. Tsopano sitingagwiritsidwe ntchito pazochita zosiyanasiyana zolimbitsa thupi komanso zosangalatsa monga masewero owonetsera, komanso zinthu monga mankhwala osokoneza bongo komanso mowa. Panthawiyi, chitsanzo chopulumuka, chomwe chinakhala chokongola, chinali chipani chamagulu, omwe mamembala awo amagwiritsira ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo komanso moyo wa anthu onse pachifuwa cha chirengedwe.

Escapism masiku ano

Kuyambira kumapeto kwa zaka makumi awiri ndi makumi awiri, kuthawa kwazitengera mitundu yatsopano - tsopano aliyense angalowerere mdziko la masewera a pakompyuta, kukulolani kuti mukhale ndi maganizo osiyanasiyana ndikuponyera mdziko lopanda kanthu lomwe liribe vuto lililonse. N'zochititsa chidwi kuti ngakhale kuphatikizapo mafuko apadera ndi midzi yamakono angathenso kutchedwa kuti mtundu wopulumuka.

Chiwonetsero chochepa cha kupulumuka - downshifting (mu Chingerezi kumatanthauza kusunthira pansi). Zimatanthauza kukana udindo wapamwamba pantchito yomwe sichifuna mitsempha, nthawi ndi kusiya munthu amene ali ndi ufulu wokwanira. Mtundu wina wa zochitikazi ndi kupulumuka kwapadera kwa dziko, komwe kumaphatikizapo kusamukira ku chuma chachuma chomwe sichikuyenda bwino ndi cholinga chokhalira kumeneko pangongole kakang'ono kamene kamakhala kotheka kumvetsetsa.

Ena amakhulupirira kuti kuthawa kumafuna chithandizo ndipo ndi matenda a maganizo. Anthu omwe ali ndi chizoloŵezi chokhala ndi moyo wotere amaganiza kuti amangokana kudalirana kwadziko, chifukwa ali otopa ndi moyo wamba, wodzaza ndi nkhawa, kunyalanyaza, mwamsanga, kukangana ndi kupsinjika.

Ndipotu, n'zovuta kupereka zosavuta kuzidziwitsira ku zodabwitsa izi - zinali, ndipo, ndipo nthawizonse zidzakhala, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti izi ndizo zomwe anthu akufunikira pamlingo winawake.