Ndi kutupa kwa endocarditis kwa chipolopolo chamkati cha mtima - endocardium. Chipangizo chamakono chimakhala ndi zipinda zamtima, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zinthu ziziyenda bwino. Kawirikawiri matendawa sachitika pokhapokha, koma akuphatikizidwa ndi myocarditis (kutupa kwa mitsempha ya mtima) kapena pericarditis (kutupa kwa khoma lakunja la mtima). Komanso matenda otchedwa endocarditis nthawi zambiri amakhala ngati zotsatira zina, zofunika, matenda.
Chizindikiro cha endocarditis
Endocarditis mu chiyambi (etiology) yagawidwa m'magulu akulu awiri:
- Matenda opatsirana (septic) - amachititsidwa ndi kuwonongeka kwa chipolopolo chamkati mwa mtima ndi tizilombo tosiyanasiyana (mabakiteriya, mavairasi, fungal endocarditis, etc.).
- Zosagonjetsa - zimachitika monga momwe zimakhudzidwira ndi matenda a kagayidwe kake, matenda osokonezeka mtima kapena chitukuko cha immunopathological (rheumatic endocarditis, endocarditis mu matenda opatsirana, osagwilitsika matenda opatsirana pogonana, Leffler's eosinophilic fibroelastic endocarditis, etc.).
Zizindikiro za matenda otchedwa endocarditis a chiyambi chosiyana
Ganizirani momwe mitundu yambiri ya matenda imadziwonetsera okha.
Infective endocarditis
Zizindikiro (mabakiteriya) a bakiteriya endocarditis, omwe amatchedwanso kuti subacute septic, samasiyana ndi zizindikiro za matenda opatsirana omwe amayambitsidwa ndi tizilombo tina. Monga lamulo, amadziwonetsera okha masabata awiri pambuyo pa matenda. Kuyamba kwa matendawa kungakhale kosiyana kapena kuchotsedwa.
Nthawi zambiri, matendawa amapezeka ndi kuwonjezeka kwa kutentha kwa thupi kufika 38.5 - 39.5 ° C, kuphatikizapo ziphuphu komanso kuwonjezeka thukuta. Ndiye pali zizindikiro monga:
- ululu wophatikizana ndi minofu ;
- kufooka;
- kulemera kwa thupi;
- khungu loyera (kawirikawiri ndi imvi tinge);
- kuthamanga kwa khungu;
- kuchepa kwazing'ono m'matumbo, ndi zina zotero.
M'tsogolomu, chitukuko cha matendawa chimayambitsa maonekedwe a "tympanic zala" - zotchedwa phalanges zala zala ndi zala zazing'ono, zomwe zimapanga maonekedwe a tympanic, ndi zipilala za magalasi.
Rheumatic endocarditis
Mtundu uwu wa matenda, monga lamulo, umayamba kuwonekera panthawi yoyamba kapena yachiwiri kugwidwa kwa zochitika zodziwika ndi rheumatism. Kudandaula kowonjezereka kwa rheumatic endocarditis ndi:
- mtima;
- ululu pamtima wovuta;
- chisokonezo;
- kuwonjezeka kwa kutentha kwa thupi, nthawi yayitali.
Leffler Endocarditis
Pazigawo zoyamba, mapeto a Leffler alibe mawonetseredwe am'chipatala. Wodwala amatha kuona zizindikiro za matenda omwe amachititsa matendawa, omwe amachititsa kuti tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, zotupa, leukemias, ndi zina zotero. Pamene matendawa akupita, zizindikiro zake ndizo:
- kutaya thupi;
- malungo;
- chifuwa;
- kuthamanga kwa khungu.
Pakapita nthawi, vuto lalikulu la mtima limayamba.
Kusanthula kwa endocarditis
Endocarditis ndi zovuta kufotokoza chifukwa cha mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zizindikiro zoyamba za matenda, zosiyana za minofu ya mtima, ndi kupezeka kwa maonekedwe osakhala a mtima. Zovuta zowunikirazi zikuphatikizapo: electrocardiography, zojambula zithunzi, kuyesa magazi (kawirikawiri, zamagetsi, thupi laumunthu). Kufufuza bwino molondola kumagwiritsidwa ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito maginito opotoza kujambula kwa mtima. Kupambana kwa mankhwala makamaka kumadalira matenda oyenerera (kutulukira mtundu wa matenda).