Khansara ndi matenda owopsa, chifukwa nthawi zambiri amapezeka popanda ziwonetsero zamagulu ndipo nthawi zambiri amapezeka pamagulu akuluakulu a matendawa. Oncology ya m'mawere imayamba kuchokera ku maselo a epithelium akuyala mkaka wa mkaka kapena minofu yambiri.
Zizindikiro za kansa ya m'mawere
Zina mwa zizindikilo za mazira a chifuwa cha m'mimba, zimatha kudziwika kuti ndizofunika kwambiri, zomwe zimaphatikizapo kudziwika kwa chifuwa. Kukhalapo kwa "cone" mu chifuwa nthawi zonse kumakhala kochititsa mantha. Pambuyo pake, zikhoza kukhala maphunziro abwino komanso khansa.
Pa gawo loyambirira la zochitika zapadera, monga lamulo, palinso kuzungulira, zopanda kupweteka mu chifuwa. Mbali yake imakhala yosasuntha pamene ikuyesera kusintha. Izi zimachokera ku kulowa m'matumba ozungulira. Ndi kukula kwakukulu kwa chotupa, kusiyana pakati pa thanzi labwino ndi lomwe lakhudzidwa nalo likuonekera. Mawere akhoza kukhala olumala. Zizindikiro zina za khansa ya m'mawere ndizo zotsatirazi:
- Kutuluka kwa magazi kuchokera ku nkhono kumachitika ndi chotupa kuchokera ku ductal epithelium, yomwe ili pa siteji ya kuvunda.
- Kusintha kwa khungu. Izi zingakhale zilonda (makamaka khalidwe la khansa ya Paget). Komanso, pangakhale kutengeka kosalekeza, kosalekeza kwa khungu. Chizindikiro choterocho chikhoza kukhala chizindikiro choyamba cha chotupa chomwe chili pansi pa nkhono.
- Chizindikiro cha "peel peel". Pa milandu yoopsa, kutuluka kwa mphutsi kuchokera ku gland kumasokonezeka. Chifukwa cha ichi, mtundu wa edema umapangidwa, pomwe khungu limakhala mtundu wa khungu la zipatso za citrus.
- Chizindikiro cha kumveka. Chifukwa cha kuyimitsa kwa mitsempha ya mammary gland mpaka phokoso, khungu limatengedwera kumalo omwe ali pamwambapa.
- Edema wa m'mawere ndi khalidwe la khansa yowopsya.
- Kukulitsa kwa maselo a mitsempha, ngakhale ngati pali mapangidwe ang'onoang'ono m'mimba ya mammary, iyenera kutsogolera lingaliro la zochitika zowonongeka. Ndifunikanso kulumikiza ma lymph nodes omwe ali pamwambapa ndi pansipa.
- Oncology ya mammary gland pa siteji yachinayi ikuphatikizidwa ndi kukhalapo kwa masewero owonetsetsa a maselo otupa m'magulu osiyanasiyana. Nthawi zambiri mapapo ndi mafupa zimakhudzidwa.
Kuchiza ndi kukonzanso pakhomo pa chiwonongeko cha m'mawere
Kwa khansa yambiri, kapena khansara ya m'mawere, zimveka ngati chigamulo. Koma lero pali mwayi wochotseratu kwakukulu pa oncologic kuganizira ndi kukonzanso kwathunthu. Chithandizo choyenera cha khansa ya m'mawere chimatanthauza kuchotsa chotupacho. Kuphatikiza apo, amagwiritsa ntchito chemotherapy, radiotherapy ndi kayendedwe ka mankhwala osokoneza bongo.
Pofuna kubwezeretsa komanso kulandira chithandizo cha odwala omwe ali ndi matenda opatsirana a m'mawere, kuwonetseredwa kwa amayi kumasonyezedwa. Choyamba, kufufuza kumachitidwa kamodzi pa miyezi itatu, kenaka nthawi zambiri - miyezi isanu ndi umodzi. Pamene matendawa amatha, akamachotsa chikho, amasonyeza kugwiritsa ntchito ma prostheses apadera.
Kulemala pa chifuwa cha chifuwa cha m'mawere kumakhazikitsidwa m'milandu yotsatirayi:
- pambuyo opaleshoni
kwa odwala omwe atha kugwira ntchito mu ntchito za ntchito; - pamaso pa zovuta zomwe zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi ntchito;
- ndi chidziwitso chothetsa kuti munthu athe kuchira pomwepo pali njira yowonongeka;
- ndi kubwezeretsa kwa chotupa;
- pa mankhwala a chemotherapy kapena mankhwala a radiation;
- njira yayikulu, ndi sitepe yosachiritsika ya matenda.
Kuti muzindikire nthawi yoyenera khansa ya m'mawere, m'pofunika kuti muzitha kuyeza kansalu kameneka kamodzi kapena kamodzi kake. Ndipo ngati muli ndi zizindikiro zoyambirira za khansa ya m'mawere, muyenera kuyankhulana ndi mammolologist.