Anthu ochulukirapo akuganiza za ubwino wa zinthu zachilengedwe. Mabanja achichepere amakula kwambiri ndikukula zipatso zawo ndi ndiwo zamasamba. Koma kuyesa kukula payekha kawirikawiri kumalephera chifukwa cha kusakwanira kokonzekera kapena kusadziwa njira za kusamalira ndi kutetezera mbewu. Ndichofunika kwambiri kuti mudziwe zam'tsogolo za mavuto akuluakulu a ulimi wamakono ndi njira zowononga. M'nkhani ino tikambirana za momwe angatetezere nkhaka ku nsabwe za m'masamba.
Nsabwe za m'masamba pa nkhaka: choyenera kuchita chiyani?
Mukawona kuti masamba a nkhaka anayamba kugwedeza, kutembenukira chikasu ndi kugwa, ndipo chomeracho chinachepetsa kukula, tcherani khutu pamwamba pa mphukira ndi kumbuyo (pansi) mbali ya masamba. N'zosakayikitsa kuti mudzapeza malo amtundu wazing'onoting'ono mumtundu wambiri. Awa ndi aphid. Kumalo otseguka, kufalitsa kwa nsabwe za nsabwe za m'masamba kumayamba mu June-July ndipo kumatha mpaka August mpaka September. Nsabwe za m'masamba zikhoza kukhala zoyera (zosaoneka bwino), zobiriwira zobiriwira, ngakhale zobiriwira zakuda (nthawi zambiri zimawoneka ngati zakuda). Njira zoyendetsera nsomba za nsabwe za m'masamba ndizofanana, mosasamala kanthu za mtundu wa mbozi.
Nsabwe za m'masamba zimadya pa madzi a zomera zomwe amakhala. Chifukwa chake, nkhaka zowonongeka zafooka, zatha, zimakula pang'onopang'ono ndipo zimabereka zipatso bwino. Ngati zigawo za tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi zazikulu kwambiri, zomera zimatha kufa. Kuwonjezera pa kuwonongeka kwa mbewuyo ndi ntchito yofunikira ya njuchi, palinso ngozi yowononga nkhaka ndi mavairasi osiyanasiyana, amene amanyamula nsabwe za m'masamba. Ndicho chifukwa chake ndikofunikira kupeza ndi kuwononga madera a osakhalitsa osakondera pa nkhaka nthawi.
Pofuna kupewa kubereka kwa nsabwe za nsabwe za m'masamba, chitani zotsatirazi:
- Pewani mopitirira muyeso kufesa mbewu;
- Nthawi zambiri musamalire pamabedi ndikuwononga namsongole;
- 2-3 nthawi pa nyengo nyengo ya nkhaka ndi njira yowonetsera ya sopo kapena zovala;
- Nthaŵi zonse muzidyetsa zomera ndi zovuta feteleza (makamaka potaziyamu phosphate mixing on foliar top dressing).
M'chilengedwe, kachilomboka kamene kamadya aphid ndi ladybug. Yesetsani kuwakopera ku malo anu, kubzala mbewu zokongola kwa iwo - katsabola, mpiru wampiru. Mukhozanso kusonkhanitsa azimayi aakazi kumunda kapena kumunda ndikuwapititsa kumunda.
Onetsetsani kuti palibe nyerere pamabedi - nyerere zothandizira ndi "chomera" nsabwe za m'masamba, kudyetsa "mkaka" wake - mankhwala okoma a ntchito yofunikira. Gwiritsani ntchito mankhwala apadera kuthana ndi kufalikira kwa nyerere pa tsamba.
Kuposa kukonza nkhaka nsabwe za m'masamba?
Mankhwala amakono a nsabwe za m'masamba pa nkhaka:
- kulowetsedwa kwa celandine (200 g wa masamba owuma pa 10 malita a madzi, kuphatikizidwa kwa masiku awiri);
- kulowetsedwa kwa adyo (0,5 makilogalamu a adyo wodulidwa mu malita atatu a madzi., Kupatsa masiku asanu);
- phulusa la phulusa (2 oz wa phulusa pa malita 10 a madzi.) Kusakaniza izi si kovuta kuwonjezera zomatira - mankhwala othandiza kapena sopo wamba);
- kulowetsedwa kwa dandelion (400g mizu ndi 600g ya masamba kutsanulira chidebe cha madzi, kunena maola 3).
Mofananamo, mukhoza kupanga infusions pa zomera zina ndi kulawa kowawa - mpiru, nkhuni, mahatchi, masamba a poplar (mbatata, tomato).
Mukawona kuti pa apricots a apricots nsabwe za m'masamba, perekani ndi imodzi mwazirombozi kawiri kapena katatu pamasiku angapo. Ngati chiwonongeko sichitha kuwonongeka, gwiritsani ntchito mankhwala oteteza mankhwala.
Zomwe mungaperekere nkhaka ku nsabwe za m'masamba, ngati zowerengeka
- "Fitoverm";
- "Pyrethrum";
- sothetsera sopo wobiriwira;
- «Aktara».
Mukapeza nsabwe za m'masamba pa nkhaka mu wowonjezera kutentha , patukani chomera. Onetsetsani kuti chipinda chili ndi mpweya wokwanira, sungani kutentha ndi chinyezi.
Nsabwe zakuda ndi zakuda pa nkhaka - tizilombo ndizoopsa komanso zovuta kupeza. Koma ndi changu chodzipereka ndi kudzipatulira chidzachotsa ndithudi.