Mavuto ogwira ntchito

Zomwe zimagwira ntchito ndizo zonse zomwe zimakhudza wogwira ntchito, malo omwe amamuzungulira kuntchito kapena malo ogwira ntchito, ntchito yokhayokha. Mavuto osagwira ntchito ndi omwe samakhudza wogwira ntchito, kapena mphamvuyi siidapitirira miyezo yomwe yakhazikitsidwa. Pali magulu anai akuluakulu onse ogwira ntchito: opambana, olandirika, owopsa ndi owopsa.

Mavuto ogwira ntchito ndizochitika pa malo ogwira ntchito komanso njira yomwe imakhudza munthu wogwira ntchitoyo, ndipo nthawi yokwanira kapena kugwira ntchito mwakhama, ngakhale matenda osiyanasiyana akugwira ntchito. Zinthu zoopsa ndi zovulaza zimagwiritsanso ntchito kulemala kwathunthu kapena pang'ono, kuwonjezeka kwa matenda a somatic ndi matenda ena, kumakhudza thanzi la ana. Chikhalidwe cha machitidwe ovulaza amachitika molingana ndi kukula kwake.

1. Degree yoyamba: zikhalidwe za ntchito zimayambitsa kusintha kwa ntchito zomwe zimabwezeretsedwa ndi kusokoneza kwa nthawi yaitali kwa kukhudzana ndi zinthu zovulaza.
2. Kalasi yachiwiri: Mavuto akugwira ntchito amachititsa kusintha kosasintha kwa ntchito kumayambitsa matenda opatsirana pambuyo pa nthawi yaitali (zaka zoposa 15).
3. Chachitatu: machitidwe ogwira ntchito amachititsa kusintha kosasinthasintha kwa ntchito kumayambitsa matenda opatsirana, kulemala kwa nthawi yochepa pa ntchito.
4. Kalasi yachinayi: Mavuto akugwira ntchito amachititsa mitundu yambiri ya matenda, kugwira ntchito kwa matenda aakulu, kutaya kwathunthu ntchito.

Mndandanda wa zovuta zogwira ntchito

Tiyeni tione kuti ndi zinthu ziti zomwe zimagwira ntchito zimaonedwa kuti zili zovulaza. Mndandanda wa zovuta zogwirira ntchito zikuyimiridwa ndi zifukwa zokhuza wogwira ntchito, umoyo wake, komanso ana omwe adzakhalepo.

1. Zinthu zakuthupi:

• chinyezi ndi kutentha, kutentha ndi dzuwa, kuthamanga kwa mpweya;
• magetsi, magetsi, mafunde;
• magetsi ndi air air particles;
• Laser, ultraviolet, maizoni a ioni, ultra-ndi infrasound;
• kunjenjemera, kutentha ndi fumbi;
• kuwala kochepa kapena kochulukira, kutulutsa, kusagwirizana.

2. Zizindikiro za mankhwala : mankhwala osokoneza bongo ndi zinthu kapena zinthu zina zomwe zimapezeka ndi mankhwala kaphatikizidwe (antibiotics, michere, mahomoni, mavitamini, ndi zina zotero).

3. Zopangidwira zamoyo : zamoyo ndi zinthu (tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, maselo ndi spores, mabakiteriya).

4. Zochita za ntchito: kuuma, kuzunzika, nthawi ya ntchito.

Ntchito ndi zoopsa zogwirira ntchito ndizo zonsezi zomwe zimaphatikizapo izi ndi zikhalidwe zogwirira ntchito. Kugwira ntchito ndi zovuta zokhudzana ndi ntchito kumaphatikizaponso phindu linalake lomwe limayenera kuperekedwa kwa antchito.

Siyani zovuta zogwirira ntchito

Wogwira ntchito aliyense ali ndi ufulu wokhala ndi tchuthi pachaka. Kuonjezera apo, awo omwe ntchito yawo ili ndi zovuta zogwirira ntchito ali ndi ufulu wopuma. Izi ndi zowonjezera zothandizira tchuthi, zomwe zimaperekedwa kuwonjezera pa yaikulu. Malingana ndi malamulo, iwo omwe:

• otanganidwa kuntchito ndi mikhalidwe yovulaza kapena yoopsa;
• ali ndi khalidwe lapadera la ntchito;
• ali ndi tsiku losagwira ntchito tsiku;
• amagwira ntchito kumadera ena, mwachitsanzo, ku Far North kapena ena ofotokozedwa ndi lamulo.

Ubwino wa zovuta zogwirira ntchito

Kuwonjezera pa mphotho yowonjezera yowonjezera, antchito amaperekanso phindu linalake la zovuta zogwirira ntchito. Zikuphatikizapo:

• penshoni ya ukalamba potsata phindu;
• kuchepetsedwa maola kapena masabata;
• malipiro okwanira;
• kulandira mkaka kwaulere kapena zakudya zina zofanana.