Kunja, thupi la munthu limateteza chiwalo chachikulu kwambiri, choncho chimawopsa kwambiri. Khunguli liri ndi zigawo zitatu, ma epidermis, mazira ndi mafuta, zomwe zimakhala ndi matenda osiyanasiyana. Kuti muyambe nthawi yothandizira chithandizo ndikofunika kudziwa mawonekedwe ndi zizindikiro za matenda omwewo, mawonetseredwe awo akunja.
Mitundu ya matenda a khungu
Pali njira zingapo zomwe mungasankhire zofotokozera za matendawa malinga ndi malo awo, chikhalidwe cha maphunziro, chithunzi cha kuchipatala. Kuti zikhale zosavuta, matenda a khungu nthawi zambiri amasiyanitsa malinga ndi chifukwa cha kuyambira. Mwa kufotokoza zifukwa zomwe zinayambitsa vuto lomwe likugwiritsidwa ntchito, ndi kosavuta kukhazikitsa chidziwitso choyenera komanso kupereka mankhwala othandizira.
Chizindikiro cha matenda a dermatological
Pachiyambi, gulu lachidziwitso lomwe linaperekedwa likugawidwa m'magulu otsatirawa:
- Matenda a bakiteriya a khungu. Zimayambitsa makamaka ndi staphylococci ndi streptococci, nthawi zambiri zimatsatiridwa ndi njira za pustular.
- Zilonda zam'mimba. Chifukwa chofala kwambiri cha matenda a khungu ndi herpes, chimayamba kubwerera.
- Fungal pathology. Mbali yapadera ya gulu ili ndi kuchulukira kukana mankhwala.
- Matenda a khungu la parasitic mwa anthu. Matendawa amachititsa kuti tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.
- Matenda osokoneza bongo. Zimakula chifukwa cholephera kuyankha njira zawo zotetezera.
- Matenda a khunyu (kansa ya khungu). Zomwe zimayambitsa zochitika zawo sizidziwikabe.
Matenda a khungu - mndandanda
Kuti mudziwe zambiri pa vuto lililonse, nkofunika kudziwa dzina lenileni. Matenda a tizilombo toyambitsa matenda a chiberekero - mayina:
- chithunzithunzi ;
- chitowe;
- khate;
- impetigo ;
- balanitis;
- granulomatosis;
- feteleza;
- ectyma;
- chithandizo;
- khungu kakang'ono keratolysis;
- erysipeloid;
- streptoderma ;
- mchitidwe wa meningococemia;
- malingaliro;
- erysipelas a khungu ;
- chiyanjano;
- chosowa;
- hydradenite ndi ena.
Matenda a khungu:
- nthomba;
- herpes;
- molluscum contagiosum;
- shingles;
- zida;
- mapilisi ndi ena.
Matenda a fungal:
- epidermophytia;
- Candidiasis;
- seborrhea;
- chipulumutso;
- katemera;
- liwu lamoto;
- chisa;
- rubrophytia;
- microsporia ndi ena.
Matenda a khungu a parasitic:
- mphutsi;
- demodicosis;
- leishimaniasis;
- pediculosis ndi ena.
Matenda opatsirana:
- urticaria;
- neurodermatitis;
- pemphigus;
- scleroderma;
- dermatomyositis;
- chithandizo;
- psoriasis;
- mphutsi;
- pemphigoid;
- mapulogalamu lupus erythematosus ndi mawonetsere pa khungu;
- herpetiform dermatitis ya Dühring;
- Chloasma ndi ena.
Matenda a zamoyo:
- adenocarcinoma;
- squamous cell carcinoma khungu;
- basal cell;
- melanoma ndi ena.
Zizindikiro za matenda a khungu
Chithunzi cha kachipatala cha matenda okhudza dermatological chikugwirizana ndi mtundu wawo ndi kuuma kwake. Matenda a khungu ali ndi zizindikiro zofala, zomwe zimapezeka:
- mphutsi;
- ming'alu;
- zilonda zam'mimba;
- kuphulika, kuvulaza ndi kusintha kwa khungu lina;
- kuyabwa;
- chitowe;
- zopanda;
- zopanda;
- kukonda;
- kukokoloka kwa nthaka;
- kuyanika;
- malonda;
- kusintha kwa khungu;
- kutupa;
- pustules, papules ndi zina zotero.
Matenda a khungu pamaso
Vuto lofala kwambiri mu malo omwe tawafotokozera ndi chiphuphu. Ziphuphu zimakwiya ndi mabakiteriya opatsirana, koma zifukwa zosiyanasiyana zingayambitse kubereka kwawo:
- kusamvana kwa hormonal;
- chisamaliro chosayenera;
- matenda a parasitic;
- matenda a m'mimba;
- kuphwanya ntchito ya chitetezo;
- zizoloŵezi zoipa;
- nkhawa.
Kuphatikiza pa ziphuphu, matenda omwe amayamba chifukwa cha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, bowa, mavairasi ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndizofala. Zizindikiro zowoneka za matenda a khungu a nkhope zimasonyezedwa mu chithunzi pansipa:
- demodicosis;
- herpes;
- seborrheic dermatitis;
- rosacea;
- chithandizo;
- chloasma.
Matenda a khungu pamutu
Mphepete mwa nthendayi imakhala ndi matenda otsekula m'mimba. Chizindikiro chawo chachikulu ndikuthamanga. Kawirikawiri, matenda a scalp amaphatikizidwa ndi makhalidwe ena:
- kuyabwa;
- kusowa tsitsi;
- kukonda;
- ntchito yowonjezereka ya zofiira zosautsa;
- magawo osiyana-siyana;
- kupunduka, ubweya ndi ubweya wa tsitsi;
- mphutsi pa scalp;
- zofiira.
Matenda omwe amapezeka m'mimba mwaubweya:
- seborrhea;
- Phiri;
- chithunzi;
- folliculitis.
Matenda a khungu pamthupi
Mawindo ambiri a epidermis, mazira ndi mafuta amateteza mliri waumunthu. Zilonda zotchuka kwambiri komanso zowopsya zimayambitsidwa ndi matenda a khungu la psoriasis, nthawi zina zimaphimba thupi mpaka 80%. Iwo ali ndi mawonekedwe ndi mawonekedwe ake, monga momwe tawonera pa chithunzi, kotero matendawa amapezeka mosavuta ngakhale ndi kuvomereza koyamba kwa dermatologist.
Matenda ena amtundu wa khungu pa thupi ndi awa:
- shingles;
- chisangalalo;
- chitowe;
- liki Zibera;
- kupweteka kwa dermatitis;
- urticaria;
- khansa ya khansa;
- nkhondo.
Matenda a khungu pamanja
Manja ndi manja nthawi zonse amakumana ndi malo owonongeka, mankhwala ndi zina zotukitsa. Zotsatira zake zingakhale matenda a khungu, omwe ali ndi chilengedwe chokha. Amadziwonetsera ngati mawonekedwe ofiira ofiira, omwe amatha kufalikira komanso kupanga mapulogalamu ambirimbiri othandiza kutupa, kutentha komanso kuyabwa.
Matenda otsatirawa angapezeke pa khungu la manja:
- mphutsi;
- chisangalalo;
- psoriasis;
- mycosis;
- Panaritium;
- neurodermatitis;
- vitiligo;
- nkhondo.
Matenda a khungu pamilingo
Mapazi amatsekedwa nthawi zambiri ndi nsapato, amatha kusamba ndi kuwonongeka pang'ono, zomwe zimalimbikitsa kubalana ndi kufalitsa matenda opatsirana. Pachifukwachi, mapazi amapezeka kuti ali ndi matenda a fungal ya khungu losalala, limodzi ndi fungo losasangalatsa, kutaya thupi kwa epidermis, kuwonongeka kwa misomali. Popanda chithandizo, matendawa amakula mofulumira, amasintha n'kukhala operewera.
Nthawi zambiri miyendo imakhudzidwa ndi matenda ena a khungu, zomwe zizindikiro zake zimasonyezedwa mu chithunzi:
- dermatitis;
- psoriasis;
- hyperkeratosis;
- chimanga;
- minda yamera.
Matenda a khungu - matenda
Pofuna kupereka chithandizo chokwanira kwa dermatologist, m'pofunika kupeza mtundu wa matenda ndi chifukwa chake zimachitika. Matenda a khungu la anthu amapezeka ndi njira zoterezi:
- kufufuza zachipatala ndi katswiri;
- anamnesis kusonkhanitsa;
- kulemba kwa madandaulo odwala ndi zizindikiro;
- kukhazikitsidwa kwa kukhalapo kwa isomorphic reaction;
- kupweteka kwa magazi (diascopy, kupondereza malo owonongeka ndi galasi);
- wosanjikiza-ndi-wosanjikiza kuwongolera;
- bacterioscopic kapena bacteriological test;
- cytological analysis of prints, smears;
- kukhazikitsidwa kwa mawonekedwe a makompyuta a madzi omwe amalekanitsidwa ndi nthaka;
- histochemical and histological test of epidermis;
- dermatography kapena dermatoscopy;
- mayeso;
- mayesero;
- Kufufuza kochepa kwambiri.
Kuwonjezera pa njira zowunika, njira zodziŵira matenda zimagwiritsidwa ntchito. Izi ndizofunika:
- magazi (ofanana ndi zamoyo, shuga);
- mkodzo;
- ndowe.
Malingana ndi zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa, dermatologist angapangitse maphunziro otsatirawa:
- hormonal panels;
- mayesero opatsirana;
- chidziwitso;
- kapangidwe kakang'ono ka kapangidwe ka m'mimba;
- virology ndi ena.
Kuchiza kwa matenda a khungu
Njira yokhala ndi chithandizo imasankhidwa kulingalira chifukwa cha matenda oyambitsa. Matenda a khungu amachiritsidwa ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo komanso am'deralo omwe amachititsa kuthetsa zizindikiro ndi kumenyana ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda:
- anti-inflammatory;
- maantibayotiki;
- mankhwala;
- corticosteroid kapena mahomoni ogonana;
- antihistamines;
- chithunzi;
- zotsutsa;
- antiparasitic;
- keratolytics ndi magulu ena a mankhwala.
Kuonjezera apo, mankhwala a phyto- ndi physiotherapy amagwiritsidwa ntchito, njira zamankhwala zamakono zili zoyenera mosasamala kanthu za matenda a khungu:
- kukana zoledzeretsa zoipa;
- kukonza zakudya;
- chikhalidwe cha tsiku ndi tsiku;
- kusankha kusamalira khungu kolondola;
- kumamatira ku boma lakumwa;
- phwando la mavitamini ndi microelements;
- kukhazikitsa miyezo ya ukhondo.
Matenda a khungu ndi kupewa kwawo
Matenda ena a m'mimba sangathe kuletsedwa, makamaka ngati mankhwalawa sadziwa chifukwa chake, monga psoriasis kapena eczema. Nthawi zina, kupewa matenda a khungu kumachepetsedwa kuzinthu zotsatirazi:
- Sankhani bwino zodzoladzola bwino.
- Pewani kuyendera malo amtunduwu ndi chinyezi chachikulu (madzi osambira, saunas, malo osambira ndi mabombe), kumene malamulo osungidwa samayang'anitsitsa.
- Tsatirani malamulo a ukhondo, nthawi zonse kusamba, pogwiritsa ntchito sopo zodzoladzola (gel) ndi loofah.
- Kuthetsa kugonana kosatetezeka ndi anthu osadziwika.
- Sungani misomali yanu yoyera.
- Musagwiritse ntchito matayala ena a anthu ena, zovala zotsamba, zida komanso zinthu zina.
- Kupanga mankhwala, kutsogolo ndi kuchotsa tsitsi kuchokera kwa ambuye odziwika okha omwe amatsatira malamulo achiyero.
- Tsatirani zakudya.
- Sambani manja musanadye, mutapita kuchimbudzi ndikubwera mumsewu.
- Gwiritsani ntchito mankhwala ophera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda kapena mapepala opangira tizilombo kuti tilandire khungu tikamayenda pagalimoto.
- Onetsetsani kuti munthu wina m'banja lanu ali ndi matenda ochepetsetsa.
- Musagwirizane ndi anthu odwala kapena nyama.