Multicolored lupine, kubzala ndi kusamalira panja, zomwe ngakhale alimi osadziwa zambiri angathe kuchita, ndi osadzichepetsa. Amachulukitsa mosavuta, nyengo yozizira kwambiri, osagonjetsa chilala. Chomera chokongoletsa ichi ndi chokongoletsera cha minda ndi mabedi. Mbeu zake ndi zimayambira sizigwiritsidwa ntchito pokhapokha kupanga zopangidwa ndi manja, komanso mankhwala.
Mitundu ya lupine
Chomera cha lupine chimakopa maburashi okongola a inflorescence, omwe mu kukula akhoza kufika mita imodzi. Mtundu wa coronas ndi wosiyana kwambiri: woyera, wachikasu, wofiira, kirimu, pinki, lilac, buluu ndi mitundu yonse ya violet. The lupine zosiyanasiyana ali single-, awiri-, osatha, horticultural kapena chakudya. Mukhoza kuona ndi otsika 10 masentimita ndi lalikulu mpaka 1.5 mamita zomera. The serrate masamba akusonkhanitsidwa mu basal rosette.
Lupine wa chaka chimodzi
Ngati mukufuna kukhala ndi maluwa okongoletsa maluwa m'munda, mungathe kugwiritsa ntchito lupine chaka chimodzi, kubzala ndi kusamalira kumbuyo kwake musayambitse vuto. Zikuwoneka zokongoletsera ndipo ndizothandiza pa nthaka. Kodi lupine ya pachaka imawoneka bwanji:
- zimayambira bwino, nthambi, chitsamba chazitali kufika 1.5 mamita;
- masambawo ali opota, ophimbidwa ndi villi, iwo amaikidwa mu rosette;
- high inflorescence ali ndi mawonekedwe a kandulo yaitali kapena chimbudzi, chimakhala ndi mphutsi za butterfly.
Mitundu yotchuka ya lupine pachaka:
- Yellow. Chomeracho chimakhala kukula kwa 1 mita, chaka chimodzi, maluwa amajambula mu mandimu, amakhala ndi ubwino wa reseda. Zimayambira masamba ochepa omwe amakula pa petioles, okhala ndi ma-lobe 6-9.
- White. Wamtali, yowoneka ndi masamba a siliva. Amatulutsa ndi buluu kapena buluu rosettes, popanda fungo.
- Lupine angustifolia. Chaka ndi chaka, chimakula mpaka masentimita 80 cm, tsinde imayima, mochepa kwambiri. Maluwa amawoneka obiriwira, obiriwira pinki ndi oyera, odometsa.
Maluwa a Lupine
Chomera chimakhala chozizira-cholimba, chodzipitsa mungu komanso chodziwika, chimakhala zaka pafupifupi 8-10. Kutalika kumafikira 50-150 masentimita, maluwa amasonkhanitsidwa mu carp rosettes. Mu lupine osamalidwa mbewu kuchokera ku mbewu imayamba mu April, yoyamba maluwa idzasungunuka chaka chamawa. Chiwonetsero chotchuka kwambiri chokongoletsera:
- Lupine wamitundu yosiyanasiyana. Osatha, kusagwedeza kwa chisanu ndi kusalongosola mosamala, kukula - mpaka 120 cm, inflorescences 35 masentimita yaitali. Pafupifupi zimayambira zosaoneka bwino zili ndi masamba pa petioles. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zinthu zosiyanasiyanazi ndi yaikulu - imapezeka mu chipale chofewa, chofewa, chofiira, mandimu, zofiira, maonekedwe awiri.
- Silvery. Masamba pa zimayambira amafikira 16 masentimita, maluwa amachokera ku mdima wonyezimira kuti ukhale woyera, amakhala ndi pabuka pakati.
Kufesa lupine
Bzalani lupine photophilous, kubzala ndi kusamalira poyera ziyenera kuchitika pamalo opanda dzuwa ndi opanda mphepo. Pamalo otere, pachimake chake chidzakhala chotalika komanso chokongola. Chomerachi chikufuna nthaka yochepa kapena yosalowerera. Kwa lupines, mutabzala mu gawo la alkaline, ndi zofunika kuwonjezera peat, ufa wa acidic - dolomite, 5 kg pa 1 m 2 . Chitani ichi kumayambiriro musanayambe kukumba, fetereza imatha zaka 3-4. Pamizu ya zomera, mabakiteriya okhala ndi nayitrogeni amapangidwa, choncho chikhalidwe ndimadera ndipo chimapangitsa kuti nthaka ikhale yabwino.
Momwe mungabzalitsire lupine?
Kufalitsa maluwa mbewu mwachindunji pansi kapena mbande. Njira yoyamba imakopa kuphweka, ndipo yachiwiri ndi yodalirika kwambiri. Koma chifukwa cha munda wamphepete wamphepete mwa nthangala ndi njira yodziwika kwambiri yolima. Pambuyo maluwa pa miyendo, mapepala a pubescent amapangidwa, omwe pakapita nthawi amasanduka bulauni, mbewu zimabzalidwa - nyemba. Malingana ndi zosiyanasiyana, zimakhala zosiyana ndi mitundu.
Musanafese, nthawi zambiri mbewu zimayambitsidwa-zimangowonongeka makamaka peel. Izi zimakula bwino kumera kwa mbewu. Ndiye iwo akusakanizidwa ndi mizu ya ufa wa chakale chomera kuti akweze kukula kwa mabakiteriya okhala ndi nayitrogeni. Mbewu imabzalidwa mumtunda wofiira wodetsedwa kufika 2 masentimita, mozungulira kapena m'mizere patali wa masentimita 30 mpaka 50 pakati pa zomera. Mphukira idzachitika patatha sabata. Kubzala mbewu sikutanthauza kuti mtundu wa mbeu (makamaka woyera) umatetezedwa. M'chaka cha chaka chamawa, mphukira imatha, kotero kuti palibe kuphulika kwa kubzala.
Nkhumba zimatha kumera ngati mbande muzitsulo zing'onozing'ono kapena mabokosi. Pofuna kubzala, tengani chisakanizo, peat ndi mchenga kuphatikizapo 2: 2: 1, zitsulozi zili ndi filimu mutatha kufesa. Zinyama zimayesedwa popanda zosankha. Pewani mbande ziyenera kukhala zochepa, pitirizani ku 20 ° C. Pambuyo masamba 2-3 oyambirira akuwoneka pa mphukira, amatha kukhazikika pamalo osatha. Kuchedwa ndi kuika sikunalangizidwe - zinyama zambiri zimakhala zosavomerezeka "kusuntha".
Nthawi yofesa lupine?
Mbeu za mbeu za mbeu imeneyi zimatha zaka zisanu, zikhoza kufesedwa mu April, pambuyo pa chisanu. Komabe amavomereza kuti maluwa a lupines abzala m'nyengo yozizira - mu October kapena kumayambiriro kwa November iwo aikidwa poyera ndi owazidwa ndi peat. Mu kasupe mbewu idzayamba kukula, mu August masamba adzawoneka. Ngati njira yobereka yoberekera imagwiritsidwa ntchito, ndiye mbewuzo zimabzalidwa m'matsuko kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa March.
Mipupu - kulima
Bright lupine, kubzala ndi kusamalira pamalo otseguka omwe amapangidwa moyenera, adzasangalala ndi maluwa kale. Maluwa a masamba oonekera amapezeka pa June-August. Mipupu imakula bwino ndikusamalira:
- Mitengo ya anthu akuluakulu imayenera kubisidwa kuti iteteze kolala ya mizu, yomwe imatuluka chaka chilichonse pamwamba pa dziko lapansi;
- mu zaka 4-5 zitsamba - zotsamba zamkati zimachotsedwa, zitsanzo zatsopano zabzalidwa;
- Mitambo yayitali imayenera kumangirizidwa, kotero kuti zimayambira sizimachokera ku mphepo;
- Kuti azitalizitsa maluwa, zowonongeka zimatha kudula mbeu isanafike;
- Pofuna kuteteza matenda kumtunda, phulusa limatulutsidwa;
- Ngati kuli kofunika kusonkhanitsa mbewu, chipatso chiyenera kuchotsedwa mwamsanga pamene chimayamba kuuma, kotero kuti mbewuyo isamwazire kumbali pang'onopang'ono;
- Osatha tchire m'nyengo yozizira ndi owazidwa ndi utuchi, mwinamwake chisanu chotsika pansipa -8 ° C sichingapulumuke.
Lupine - kumuika
Mzuwu umapeza mizu, yamphamvu ndi yakuya - kuchoka pa 2 mamita pansi. Choncho, ndibwino kusuntha zitsanzo zazing'ono, chifukwa zimakhala zovuta kumuika lupini panthawi ina. Zingakhale zomvetsa chisoni mutatha. Izi ndi chifukwa chakuti mizu yaitali yayimitsa mosavuta ndipo imabweretsedwa bwino. Ngati mukufunikira kusunthira chitsamba kumalo ena, ndibwino kuti muchite mutagwa maluwa. Zosatha zoterezi ndi bwino kuti zitsitsimutse zaka zisanu ndi zisanu ndi zisanu ndi zisanu ndi zisanu ndi ziwiri, chifukwa zomera zakale sizikufalikira.
Lupine M'munda - Kubalanso
Garden lupine, kubzala ndi kusamalira panja, yomwe ikuchitika malinga ndi malamulo a sayansi yamakono, ikuchulukitsidwa pogawanitsa chitsamba. M'chaka cha impso, pafupi ndi mizu ya mizu, pali rosettes yaing'ono ya masamba 5-7. Iwo akhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa cuttings. Zomera zimadulidwa pamodzi ndi chidutswa cha muzu. Iwo akhoza kubzalidwa pamalo othunzi mu nthaka ya mchenga. Pambuyo pa masiku 25 iwo amapanga muzu ndi maluwa akhoza kubzalidwa pamalo osatha.
Basal rosettes amayamba ndi pakati pa chilimwe, amatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kufalitsa minda yokongola. Mitengo ya zaka 3-4 ndi yabwino kugawikana. Kubzala masamba a lupine rhizome kumalola kusunga mtundu wonse wa maluwa. Pamene chodzala cuttings m'chilimwe (pambuyo maluwa) kwa kumera, mukhoza kutenga mbali mbali mphukira, anapanga mu axils masamba.
Matenda a lupine
Nthaŵi zina lupini, kubzala ndi kusamalira komwe kumakhala kosavuta kumagwiritsidwa ntchito motsutsana ndi njira zaulimi, zikhoza kuwonetsedwa ndi matenda kapena matendawa. Pa siteji ya budding chomeracho chawonongeka ndi nsabwe za m'masamba, kenako - mphutsi za mphukira zimawuluka kapena zimawombera. Mwamsanga kuchotsani izo zidzakuthandizira kupopera chitsamba ndi tizilombo "Aktellik", "Apollo".
Pa matenda, ngozi ya duwayo ndi yovunda (mizu ndi imvi), zithunzi, maonekedwe, dzimbiri, fomopsis. Zotsatira zake, mawanga obiriwira amawonekera pa masamba, zipatso, ndi kuwonongeka ku gawo la mizu. Pachifukwa ichi, ndibwino kuti muzitsatira tchire ndi fungicides, kudula mtengowo bwinobwino kapena kuchotsa mbali zomwe zimakhudzidwa. Mphukira zatsopano zimawoneka mwamsanga kuchokera ku zitsamba zotsalira panja ndipo ziri zathanzi. Nthawi zina kumadzulo kukumba ndi kuchepa kwa gawo lapansi kudzakhala kofunikira.
Kudziwa momwe mungamerezere lupini, kusunga malamulo a kasinthasintha za mbeu ndi chisamaliro, mungathe kukwaniritsa kuti mbewuyo siipweteka. Ndikofunika kudziwa kuti kuyika mbewuzo mobwerezabwereza kumadera amodzi kungakhale patapita zaka zisanu, mwinamwake nthaka yomwe ili pansiyi imayamba kuwonjezeka ndi namsongole, imayambitsa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, kutitsogolera ku matenda osiyanasiyana.
Lupine - chisamaliro
Garden lupine - chomera chodzichepetsa. Amapatsidwa madzi okwanira, amachititsa kuti mchere ukhale wovuta pansi. M'chaka choyamba cha moyo pafupi ndi chomera muyenera kumasula nthaka, chotsani namsongole. Kwa nyengo yozizira, zimayambira zimachotsedwa, zimachotsa masamba a chikasu, zimatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mulch wa hilling mbewu isanafike nyengo yozizira.
Lupine m'munda - kuthirira
Kuchuluka kwa chinyezi chomwe chomera chikufunika kumadalira nthawi ya kubzala ndi kuikidwa kwa nthaka yotseguka. Flower lupine - kubzala ndi oyenera kusamalira mwa kuthirira:
- Mbewu yowonjezera yowonjezera imayenera m'chaka, mbeu ikabzalidwa. Kupanda chinyezi kumabweretsa zokolola zochepa za mtundu wobiriwira, masamba amadzi, ngakhale kugwa pansi;
- komabe chomeracho chimafuna kuthirira mowolowa manja, chitatha kumangirizidwa ndi masamba. Pomwe pali kusowa kwa madzi, rosettes ya chikhalidwe sali yopambana ngati kale, koma zipatso zimapanga kukula kochepa;
- Nthawi yonseyi chitsamba chimathiridwa moyenera;
- Mitengo yakale imafuna chinyezi pang'ono - mizu yawo yaitali imatunga madzi kuchokera m'munsi mwazigawo za dziko lapansi.
Kodi mungadyetse bwanji lupini kumapeto kwa nyengo?
Pambuyo pa wintering m'chaka chachiwiri cha moyo, mukhoza kuyamba kudyetsa chomeracho ndi mineral feteleza zomwe mulibe nayitrojeni mumapangidwe ake (chikhalidwe chake chimapangidwa mosasunthika pa mizu yambiri): 10-20 g wa superphosphate komanso 5 g wa piritsiamu kloride amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa mita imodzi ya mitala. Kukwera pamwamba kwa lupini kumayambiriro kasupe kumachitika kawirikawiri chaka chilichonse, kufikira nthawi yolima maluwa atsopano.
Lupine kumalo okongola
Ngati mukufuna kukongoletsa munda ndi maluwa okongola, mungagwiritse ntchito lupine, kubzala ndi kusamalira kumbuyo kumbuyoko sikudzabweretsa mavuto, ndipo kugwiritsidwa ntchito kumalo okongola kumakhala kosavuta kuti apeze. Zikuwoneka zokongola kuphatikizapo osatha - maluwa, gladioluses, irises, delphiniums , makamu m'mapopeworms ndi magulu osiyana. Maonekedwe obiriwira amapanga lupine m'munda kuphatikizapo peonies.
Gwiritsani ntchito maluwa okongola, monga m'mabzala ambiri, ndi muzokha. M'magulu osokoneza bongo, lupine amawoneka bwino pafupi ndi mbewu zakukula, zochepa, zobiriwira - amatseka mapesi awo pakati pa chilimwe ndi masamba awo. Ndipo m'mbuyo mwake lupine yam'mwamba yamtundu wambiri imathandizira kulenga malo okongola.
Kuonjezera apo, chomera ndibwino kwambiri feteleza kwa munda. Chifukwa cha mabakiteriya omwe amakhalapo pamtunda, mchere umadzaza nthaka ndi nayitrogeni. Yemweyo tizilombo timasintha mosavuta sungunuka phosphates ndi mosavuta digestible mawonekedwe. Manyowa obiriwira lupine zakudya zofunika ndizofanana ndi manyowa. Ndi imodzi mwa zabwino kwambiri zowonjezera zokolola za nthaka.