Momwe mungaperekere mitengo ya zipatso mu kugwa?

Kuti mukhale ndi nyengo yozizira ya mitengo ya zipatso, amafunika kuchiritsidwa kuyambira m'dzinja ku matenda ndi tizirombo . Kupopera mbewu kwadongosolo kwa mitengo ndi mbali yofunikira ya kukonzekera nyengo yozizira. Kodi, bwanji ndi liti-mu nkhani yathu.

Nthawi ya kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa mitengo ya zipatso

Kupopera mbewu kumapeto kuyenera kuchitidwa nthawi yomweyo isanayambe, pamene masamba onse agwa kale. Kuchiza koyambirira kungabweretse mavuto, monga kutentha kwa masamba komanso kugwa mwamsanga masamba.

Izi sizidzangobweretsa zotsatira zokhazokha, komanso zidzafooketsa m'munda, zomwe zinalibe nthawi yokhala ndi zakudya zonse komanso kukonzekera nyengo yozizira.

Yambani kupopera mankhwala mu November, pamene palibe ngozi yowonongera masamba ndi kukonzekera mankhwala. Asanagwiritse ntchito, mitengo yakale imayenera kuchotsa mazira ndi makungwa akale ndi burashi yachitsulo.

Kupopera mbewu mitengo ya m'dzinja ndi tizirombo ndi matenda

Pochiza munda wa zipatso pali mitundu yambiri ya mankhwala. Nthawi zambiri, wamaluwa amagwiritsa ntchito mkuwa ndi vitriol yachitsulo, Bordeaux madzi, urea ndi dizilo.

Kuchita kwa mankhwala aliwonse kumayesetseratu kuthetsa vuto linalake, choncho ndikofunikira kusankha zomwe mungapange mitengo ya zipatso mumtunda monga mwa zosowa za m'munda.

Tiyeni tione zosiyana siyana za kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa ndi malangizo a izi kapena mankhwala awa:

1. Kuwaza mitengo ya zipatso mu yophukira Bordeaux madzi . Izi zidzapulumutsa mitengo ku matenda a fungal monga nkhanambo, spotting, moniliasis, cladosporyosis ndi zina zotero. Processing n'kofunika pambuyo kugwa kwa masamba. Kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa, gwiritsani ntchito madzi okwanira 3%. Konzani njira yothetsera pulasitiki kapena chidebe (koma osati zogulitsidwa ndi zitsulo, kuti njirayo isagwirizane)
2. Kuwaza mitengo ya zipatso mu autumn ndi mkuwa sulphate . Chakumapeto kwa October, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito mapeyala, plums ndi apulo ndi njira yothetsera mkuwa wa sulfate. Plums mankhwala ndi njirayi amatetezedwa ku matenda monga moniliosis, curly, klyasterosporoz ndi coccomicosis. Kwa apulo ndi peyala mitengo kupopera mankhwala ndi mkuwa sulfate m'dzinja ndi kupewa ndi mankhwala a nkhanambo, phyllosticosis, curlew, moniliosis. Kwa mbande zazing'ono, 2 malita a yankho pa mbeu imodzi ndi yokwanira, ndipo mtengo waukulu wa zipatso udzafunikira malita 10.
3. Kuwaza mitengo ya zipatso mu autumn ndi chitsulo sulfate . Anapangidwa kumapeto kwa autumn, pamene munda wayamba kale kukonzekera nyengo yozizira. Chithandizo ndi mankhwalawa ali ndi cholinga choyamba: poyamba, munda umalandira chitsulo chofunikira kupuma, ndipo kachiwiri, chitsulo ndi choletsa kuzilombo zosiyanasiyana. Makamaka akusowa vitriol yachitsulo, zipatso za apulo, komanso mapeyala ndi plums. Kuperewera kwa chitsulochi kumawonetseredwa mwa iwo mu mawonekedwe a zokolola zochepa ndi chitukuko chosakwanira cha chipatso. Mothandizidwa ndi chitsulo sulphate, mukhoza kumenyana ndi matenda monga bulu, moss, nkhanambo, kansa yakuda, cytosporosis, septospore. Zotsatira zake, chaka chamawa nthambi za mitengo zidzakula mofulumira, ndipo zokolola za mbeu zidzawonjezeka.
4. Kuwaza mitengo ya zipatso mu autumn ndi urea (carbamide). Ndibwino kuti mukukonzekera mitengo yambiri yozizira. Kugwilitsila ntchito m'dzinja ndi carbamide kungapangidwe pamene theka la masamba limagwa kuchokera ku mitengo. Njira yothetsera vutoli iyenera kukhala 5%. Ndi kutayika kwathunthu kwa masamba, chiwerengerochi chikhoza kuwonjezeka mpaka 7-10%.
5. Kupaka mitengo ya zipatso ndi dizilo mafuta . Mafutawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga maluwa a m'munda kuti asawononge mitengo - apulo mitengo ndi plums. Mafuta a dzuwa sagwiritsidwa ntchito mwangwiro, koma atatha kutulutsa kwambiri madzi.