Kodi chifuwa chachikulu ndi chiyani komanso zoopsa za matendawa? Chaka chilichonse, anthu 800 amalembedwa m'mayiko ambiri padziko lonse. Zakudya zopanda phindu, kumwa mowa mowa mwauchidakwa, kupsyinjika kwakukulu - zonsezi zimawononga panjenje.
Kodi chifuwa chachikulu ndi chiyani?
Pancreatitis ndi gulu la matenda omwe ali ndi chizindikiro chinachake ndi ma syndromes. Mumasulira kuchokera ku dr.-Greek πάγκρεας - pancreas + lat. -kutentha - kutupa kwa kapangidwe. Pali mitundu yambiri ya matenda, ndipo aliyense amakhala ndi zoopsa pamoyo wa munthu. Kuti mumvetsetse kuti pancreatitis ndi yotani, komanso ngati ndizoopsa, ndikofunika kulingalira zomwe katundu wothandizira zimapangira.
Ntchito za thupi:
- Exocrine kapena ntchito yapadera yolemba. Kupanga tizilombo toyambitsa matenda: trypsin, chemotripsin, amylase ndi pancreatic lipase. Mavitamini amachititsa kuti madzi asakanike m'mimba ndipo amafunikira zakudya, mapuloteni, mafuta ndi zakudya zomwe zimadza ndi chakudya.
- Ntchito yaumunthu. Kuthira kwa voliyumu ya madzi osakanizika amodzi mwa kuchuluka kwa momwe kuchulukira kwa zinthu kumachitika.
- Ntchito ya Endocrine. Mitsinje ya Langerhans, yomwe imapezeka m'zinthu zambiri zapakhungu, imatulutsa mahomoni otchedwa glucagon ndi insulini, omwe amachititsa kuti thupi lizikhala ndi thupi. Glucagon imachititsa kuwonjezeka kwa shuga m'magazi, insulini - kuchepa.
Kuchuluka kwa chifuwa chachikulu - ndi chiyani?
Pambuyo pa zikondwerero zambiri pamasiku a maholide ndi mowa mwauchidakwa, chakudya cholemetsa, anthu ambiri adzadziwa kuti kupwetekedwa koopsa sikumveka. Matendawa ali pachitatu pomwe pali matenda ena a m'mimba, opatsa kanjedza ku cholecystitis ndi appendicitis. Amuna amatha kutupa nthawi zambiri kuposa akazi. Kupha chifuwa chachikulu kumakhala ndi anthu ambiri omwe amafera - mpaka 15 peresenti ya milandu yonse.
Etiology ya chiwopsezo chachikulu:
- kugwiritsa ntchito mowa mwauchidakwa;
- Kudya zakudya zoipa (mchere, mafuta, zonunkhira, okoma);
- matenda ena achibadwa (cystic fibrosis);
- Kugwiritsira ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo omwe ali ndi poizoni pamakina (hormones, thiazide diuretics);
- zotupa za dongosolo la m'mimba;
- mavairasi ndi mabakiteriya (parotitis, mycoplasma ).
Pakati pa ntchito yovuta kwambiri, ntchito zazikuluzikuluzi zimaphwanyidwa: mavitamini ndi mahomoni, omwe nthawi zambiri amapanga mawonekedwe osagwiritsidwa ntchito (kutsegulira kumachitika mumatumbo), mwadzidzidzi amayamba kugwira ntchito pancreatic yokha, zomwe zimayambitsa kuyamwa kwa matenda. Khalani kutupa ndi kutupa.
Kodi kupweteka kwapathengo ndi chiyani?
Kuperewera kwapang'onopang'ono ndiko kutupa kwapang'onopang'ono. Njirayi imaphatikizapo kusungunuka kokwanira kwa mavitamini, kusintha kosasinthika kwa parenchyma ya limba, makwinya ndi kuchuluka kwa minofu ya fibrous. Kuwonjezeka kwa chifuwa chachikulu chapachilendo kumayambira kutsogolo kwa zopanikizika, ndikumanjenjemera kwamanjenje.
Zifukwa za matendawa:
- Matenda a m'mimba;
- hepatitis B ndi C, chimfine cha typhoid , parotitis;
- atherosclerosis ;
- helminthic invasions;
- kuledzera ndi zinthu zovulaza, zakudya zosayenera;
- uchidakwa .
Kupha kupweteka kwapakati pachisokonezo - ndi chiyani?
M'magulu amodzimodzi a parenchyma (minofu yamakono) kutsekemera kwa mahomoni ndi mavitamini amapezeka, kotero ngati funso libuka: kodi kupwetekedwa kwa parenchymal - kungayankhidwe bwanji kuti matendawa ndi ofala kwambiri pa matenda a pancreatic. Njira zomwe zimachitika pa pachitymatous pancreatitis:
- Kuphwanya kuchitika kwa mazira, chifukwa cha edema;
- kuchepa kwa insulini;
- kusintha kwa thupi kumagetsi;
- pamene parenchyma imakhudzidwa ndi 80% - kukula kwa matenda a shuga .
Kuchita chiopsezo chotere - ndi chiyani?
Kwa nthawi yoyamba yodwala matendawa, munthu ali ndi mafunso ambiri: kodi kupatsirana kwapachiza, ndi matenda owopsa a moyo ndi momwe angachiritse? Kuchita kupatsirana mofulumira ndi vuto lalikulu. Pakati pa akatswiri amawoneka ngati njira yophweka, yokonzeka kukonza. Nthawi zambiri zimapezeka motsutsana ndi matenda a m'mimba, chiwindi ndi ndulu, m'matumbo. Chinthu chofunika kwambiri chomwe chimachititsa kuti anthu ayambe kuchita zachiwerewere ndi kudya ndi kudya zakudya zamtundu.
Psevdotumorozny kupanikizika - ndi chiyani?
Matenda oterewa amachititsa kuti phokoso likhale lopweteketsa, chifukwa njira zomwe zimachitika m'tchire zimakhala zofanana ndi mapulaneti. Psevdotumorozny kuperewera kwa ziphuphu pamatenda monga mwa chiwerengero amapezeka m'mayesero khumi, pakati pa omwe ali ndi matenda opatsirana, nthawi zambiri mwa amuna. Chifukwa chachikulu cha matendawa ndizoledzeretsa mowa kwa nthawi yaitali.
Kodi chiwopsezo cha biliary ndi chiyani?
Pancreas - kutukusira kwake ndi biliary pancreatitis, imapezeka mwachindunji ndi matenda a chiwindi ndi ndulu. Kafukufuku wa odwala oterewa asonyeza kuti mu 60 peresenti ya matenda a cholelithiasis, matenda osokoneza bongo ndi oopsa kwambiri. Zifukwa za matendawa:
- Matenda a bliyaliyamu m'mayendedwe a mitsempha omwe amapita kuziphalaphala;
- kusamutsidwa kwa bile mu maphala a pancreatic kumayambitsa kuwonongeka kwa minofu ndi madontho a chikopa.
Pano pali chiwerengero cha chifuwa cha biliary chomwe chili ndi zizindikiro:
- ululu wowawa ngati colic;
- icteric sclera;
- madzi gray imbudzi.
Mavuto omwe amabwera chifukwa cha matendawa:
- chiwindi chachikulu cholephera;
- kudabwa;
- magazi m'mimba;
- pancreatic necrosis.
Kuopsa kwa chifuwa chachikulu - ndi chiyani?
Kuwopsa kwa chifuwa chachikulu ndi mtundu wina wa matenda omwe makoswe amabwera. Pancreatitis imapezeka makamaka patapita zaka makumi asanu ndi makumi asanu (50) kuchokera pa kusintha kwa mchere wa calcium, calcium salt yomwe ikuyamba kuunjikamo, ndikupanga mu tinthu ting'onoting'ono tomwe timapanga tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Zizindikiro za matenda:
- kudzimbidwa;
- ululu mu hypochondrium yolondola kapena shingles;
- fyuluta zakuda;
- thukuta lalikulu;
- kuwonjezeka kwa acidity m'mimba;
- kupweteka mwamsanga.
Necrosis ya kapangidwe - ndi chiyani?
Kuwonjezereka kwa kuperewera kwa matenda kumatha kutsogolera njira yaikulu ya matenda a pancreatic necrosis, momwe matendawa amatha kufa ndi minofu yakufa. Mu mavoti 70%, amapezeka mwa odwala omwe amamwa mowa mopitirira muyeso, zomwe zimayambitsa zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa. Zizindikiro za pancreatic necrosis:
- ululu wamphamvu, wosakhululukidwa;
- kusanza kasupe wosabweretsa mpumulo;
- mawanga a magetsi m'mbali (chizindikiro cha Gira-Turner);
- ululu pa nthawi ya palpation.
Kutupa kwa ziphuphu - zizindikiro
Zizindikiro ndi zizindikiro za kutupa kwapakati pa gawo lachimake zimadalira kukula kwake:
- Fomu ya kuwala. Kugonjetsedwa kwa kapangidwe ndi kapangidwe ka zakudya kumakhala kosasamala. Panthawi ya matendawa, timadontho timene timapanga timadzi timene timakhala tikusintha. Zizindikiro zoopsa (kuphulika, kupweteka kwa mtima). Matenda opweteka kwambiri: amapezeka ku epigastrium, kumanzere kwa hypochondrium. Chikhalidwe cha ululu chimaonekera, ndi kutsekemera kwa kumbuyo. Jaundice sclera.
- Maonekedwe aakulu. Zizindikiro za kuperewera kwa matenda: kupweteka koopsa, moyipa pa malo a wodwala kumbuyo. Nsomba, kusanza kwa bile. Kutentha kwakukulu.
Mavuto omwe amawopsa kwambiri chifukwa cha chifuwa chachikulu, kuwonjezereka koopsa:
- pancreatic necrosis ndi matenda a mitsempha ya peripancreatic;
- kupuma kwapakhungu (pus imasonkhanitsa mu ziphuphu ndi ziwalo zoyandikana).
Zomwe zimachitika m'zipatala, mosiyana ndi zovuta kwambiri - nthawi zambiri zimachitika mwaulesi komanso mopanda malire mpaka nthawi inayake, pamene kusintha kwa mkati kuli kovuta kwambiri, kungayambitse matenda a shuga. Zizindikiro zowopsa za kuperewera kwa matenda panthawi yovuta, zomwe ndi zofunika kumvetsera:
- kupweteka kwa paroxysmal chikwama chosiyana kwambiri kuchokera wofooka mpaka wamphamvu;
- reflux esophagitis - chifukwa chofooka m'munsi mwa sophagus, mimba yamkati imabwerera ku mphukira, yomwe ikuphatikizidwa ndi kupwetekedwa mtima;
- Kutsegula m'mimba mobwerezabwereza ndi fungo la fetid;
- kupweteka kolemera;
- zizindikiro za angiomas pa khungu.
Kutupa kwa kapangidwe - mankhwala
Pambuyo poyezetsa magazi ndi kutsimikiziridwa kwa matendawa, ntchito yoyamba ya dokotala ndiyo kumuuza wodwalayo: chifuwa chachikulu ndi chiyani, ndizovuta zotani za matendawa. Chithandizo chasankhidwa poganizira zochitika za munthu ndi msinkhu wa wodwalayo. Momwe mungachitire matenda opatsirana, zimadalira zifukwa zingapo:
- ndondomeko yowopsya kapena yachilendo;
- kukhalapo kwa matenda opatsirana;
- kusamalidwa kwa mankhwala.
Kodi mungatani kuti musamafe?
Yemwe kamodzi kamodzi anakumana ndi ululu ndi kutupa kwa kapangidwe, dziwani kuti pancreatitis ndi. Kuwopsa kwa chifuwa chachikulu ndikumva kupweteka komanso kolemetsa. Sitikulimbikitsidwa kuchotsa kutupa tokha, koma pali milandu pamene chithandizo chachipatala sichingapezeke, ndipo nkofunika kuchita chinachake pofuna kuchepetsa vutoli. Chithandizo choyamba cha chiwopsezo:
- Kupumula ndi kusasunthika mwadzidzidzi, tenga feteleza;
- chisanu pa hypochondrium;
- njala;
- kudya madzi mu magawo ang'onoang'ono theka la ola limodzi (pamene mukumwa masanzi, magawo 2-3 a supuni aledzera);
- Tengani piritsi la Drotaverine hydrochloride, monga mwayi wopanga jekeseni wa No-shpy 0.8 mg.
Kuchiza kwa matenda aakulu
Chithandizo cha kutupa kwapanyumba kunyumba kungapangitse zotsatira zosayembekezereka. Panthawi ya matenda oopsa opatsirana pogonana akuchitika kuchipatala. Chinthu chimodzi chofunika kwambiri chothandizira mkhalidwe wa wodwalayo ndi chakudya chopatsa thanzi. Chithandizo cha mankhwala osachiritsika chikuphatikizapo mankhwala osiyanasiyana:
- ma antibayotiki amphamvu (Ampicillin, Gentamicin) ndi matenda okhwima;
- antihistamine (Dimedrol, Suprastin) - zotsatira zowonongeka ndi zosokoneza;
- antispasmodics (No-sppa, Papaverina hydrochloride) - tetezani ndi kuchepetsa kupanikizika mu mphuno za chigoba;
- Kukonzekera mavitamini (Gordoks, Katrikal) - kuchepetsa ntchito ya mavitamini a trypsin, chemotripsin ndi amylase;
- analgesics (Analgin, Baralgin );
- cytostatics (cyclophosphamide) ndi pseudotumous pancreatitis.
Kodi mungadye chiyani ndi chifuwa chachikulu?
Kudya mu chiwopsezo cha pancreatic ndikofunika kwa chithandizo chabwino ndi kuchepa kwa njira yotupa mkati mwa masabata awiri. Mndandanda wa kuperewera kwapadera umachokera ku chakudya chothandiza komanso chosasamala, chakuda komanso chakuda. Zakudya zoperekedwa ndi zakudya zowonjezereka:
- mphuno popanda mafuta;
- Mabala a nyama omwe amapezeka ndi nyama zonenepa ndi nsomba;
- anakoka masamba pa madzi;
- mbatata yosenda;
- phala (mpunga, oats, buckwheat);
- mafuta;
- makomedwe a zipatso zouma;
- jellied zipatso;
- maapulo ophika;
- mikate ya tirigu.