- Adilesi: km 47 A-16, Pozo Almonte, Región de Tarapacá, Chile;
- Tsamba lovomerezeka: museodelsalitre.cl;
- Telefoni: +56 57 276 0626;
- Maola ogwira ntchito: tsiku lililonse kuyambira 9:00 mpaka 18:00.
Chimodzi mwa zovuta zachilendo zomwe mungathe kukacheza mukakhala ku Chile ndi Humberstone - tawuni yosiyidwa. Chimaonedwa kuti ndi nyumba yosungiramo zinthu zakale panja, mu 2005 iyo inalembedwa monga malo a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
Humberstone - mbiri ya chilengedwe
M'zaka zoyambirira za m'ma 1900, funso la momwe mungapangire chonde kuti nthaka ikhale yochuluka, imodzi mwazofunikira zothetsera vutoli ndi saltpetre. Mu 1830, pamalire a Chile ndi Peru, malo adapezeka pamene anali ochulukirapo, zinanenedweratu kuti kuchuluka kwa mchere wa sodium wa Chile kuyenera kukwanira dziko lapansi kosatha. Izi zinali chifukwa chakuti James Thomas Humberstone adalenga kampani yomwe ili pamtunda wa makilomita 48 kuchokera kunyanja, tauni yapaderayi inamangidwa pafupi ndi antchito omwe amapanga saltpetre.
M'zaka za m'ma 1930 ndi zaka makumi anayi ndi makumi anayi, iwo adadziwika kuti ndi nthawi ya kupambana kwachuma komanso chuma cha tawuniyi, panthawiyi mchere wochuluka wa saltpetre unkachitika. Koma patapita nthaŵi, malo osungirako zachilengedwe anayamba kutha, ndipo mu 1958 ntchitoyo inachepetsedwa. Choncho anthu okwana 3,000 omwe ankatsogoleredwa ndi moyo wabwino, asanathenso kugwira ntchito, ndipo Humberstone anangokhala wopanda kanthu. M'zaka za m'ma 1970, akuluakulu a boma adakumbukira mudziwu oiwalikawo ndipo adaganiza kuti aziwakonda, ndipo anthu odzaona malo ambiri adalowererapo.
Zomwe mungazione mu Humberstone?
Moyo ku Humberstone pa nthawiyo unali wosangalatsa chifukwa anthu omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mabomawa akhoza kukhala ndi moyo wochuluka m'tawuniyi. Amapita ku mabungwe ndi zochitika zosiyanasiyana:
- Kuchokera nthawi imeneyo, kusungiratu nyumba za ogwira ntchito yomangidwa m'Chingelezi, kumanga nyumba, masukulu, zipatala;
- ogwira ntchito amatha kuwonetsa zukini zapanyumba, komanso masewera, nyumba, siteji ndi holo yomwe idasungidwa bwino mpaka lero;
- panali dziwe losambira pamtunda kuti athe kudzaza madzi omwe anabweretsa mwapadera, kusambira masewerawa kunkachitika ndi zotsatira zake;
- okhulupilira anali ndi mwayi wopita ku tchalitchichi, zomwe zinachitika pa maholide komanso kumapeto kwa sabata.
Alendo oyendayenda omwe adasankha kupita ku Humberstone, Chile akhoza kuona ndi maso awo nyumba zobwezeretsedwa zomwe zasungidwa bwino. Chaka chilichonse mu November nyumba yosungiramo zinyumba zosungiramo zikondwerero zimapanga chikondwerero, oyendayenda angathe kukhala mu hotela zamalonda, mawonedwe owonerera ndi kugula zinthu. Masiku ano masewera amatsegulira ndi kugwira ntchito, oimba amamvetsera pamtunda, ndipo tawuniyi ikuwoneka kuti ikukhala ndi moyo.
Pakhomo la gawo la Humberstone ndi mapu okhala ndi njira, yomwe alendo oyendayenda amatha kudutsa. Mukhoza kuyendera malo osungiramo zinthu zakale, omwe ndi aakulu kwambiri omwe ali m'nyumba yomanga nyumba. Pano mungathe kuona zinthu za moyo wa tsiku ndi tsiku ndi mkati, kumverera mlengalenga momwe anthu ankakhalira nthawi imeneyo.
Kodi mungapeze bwanji ku Humberstone?
Mzinda wa mzimu uli 48 km kuchokera ku Chile ku Iquique , pakapita nthawi idzatenga ola limodzi. Zidzakhala bwino kwambiri kuti muwerenge ulendo waulendo, omwe akukonzekera omwe adzapereke ulendo. Njira ina ndiyo kugwiritsa ntchito ma basi omwe amatha nthawi zambiri m'mawa. Basi yomaliza imatumizidwa nthawi ya 1:00.