Eustoma - kukula ndi zofunika kwa oyamba kumene

Mwinamwake, pali zomera zochepa padziko lapansi zomwe, monga eustoma, zimasiya munthu wosayanjanitsika. Sizingatheke kudutsa ndi "rosi" yopangidwa modabwitsa, kuphatikizapo kukhalabe minga. Kukongola-eustoma, komwe kulima kuli kotheka monga chipinda ndi mmunda wamaluwa, kukusangalatsidwa kwambiri masiku ano.

Kodi eustoma ikuwoneka bwanji?

Chipinda cha Lysianthus kapena eustoma ndi zomera zokhala ndi zitsamba zokhala ndi zitsamba zambiri zomwe zimakhala ndi masamba 50-70 cm. Maluwa osakanikirana a lisianthus amasokonezeka mosavuta ndi maluwa, ndipo movutikira amakhala ngati maluwa a poppy. M'chilengedwe, mitundu itatu yonse ya zomera izi imadziwika, koma imodzi yokha imagwiritsidwa ntchito mu chikhalidwe: eustoma yaikulu. Anagwiritsa ntchito ngati maziko a kuswana mitundu yosiyana siyana ndi hybrids, yophimba mtundu wonse wa mitundu ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zimayambira ndi digiri ya terry masamba.

Eustoma zosiyanasiyana

Eustoma - maluwa kwa zaka zambiri, koma nyengo yozizira imakula ngati chaka. Maphunziro apamwamba, omwe kutalika kwake ndi 50 cm, amakula maluwa m'minda ndi malo odyera, ndipo amadula ngati zomera. Ma eustoma (awiri) amakometsa diso ndi lalikulu kwambiri (mpaka mamita 7 m'mimba mwake) ndi maluwa okongola, ndipo osakhala limodzi (osakwatira) amawakondwera ndi mawonekedwe okhwima.

Osakanizidwa ochepa kwambiri ndi mitundu:

• "Kukhulupirika";
• The "Riddle";
• "Chifundo";
• The Little Mermaid;
• "Florida Pink";
• "Florida Blue";
• "Rosie";
• Mirmead;
• "Safira ndi phokoso la pinki";
• "Safira ndi buluu buluu."

Mitundu yayitali ndi hybrids:

• "F1 wofiira vinyo";
• "F1 Cinderella";
• "F1 Mariachi Lime";
• "F1 Twinkies woyera / wachikasu / pinki / kuwala kofiirira";
• "F1 Flamenco Blue / Limu / Pink";
• "F1 Echo zoyera / chikasu / lavender / pinki / champagne";
• "F1 ABC Blue";
• «F1 Echo Pink Pikoti».

Eustoma - kutsika

Pokumbukira zokondweretsa zonse zomwe zimapangitsa kuti eustoma ikhale yopanda mphamvu, kulima m'nyumba kumakhala kovuta kwambiri. Mwatsoka, palibe njira zowonjezera zomwe zimapindulitsa sizidzapambana - zidutswa sizidzakhazikika, ndipo kuyesa kugawanika zidzatengera imfa ya mwana komanso mayi. Mu arsenal ya munda wamaluwa amangofuna kubzala mbande zokha. Zoona, sizingatheke kuti azitha kusonkhanitsa mbewuzo mosiyana - ma hybrids okongola kwambiri a eustoma a mbewu samapanga.

Eustoma - kukula kuchokera ku mbewu

Pali lingaliro lakuti lisianthus ndi yowopsya kwambiri ndipo n'zotheka kupeza mbande zabwino zokhazokha za anthu osowa mwayi. Koma ndi njira yoyenera, kulima kwake kudzapambana. Tiyeni tione mwatsatanetsatane funso la momwe tingamere kuchokera ku mbewu monga mbewu monga eustoma:

1. Sankhani mbewu. Kupeza chomera cha eustoma chogulitsa sikovuta. Popeza mbewuyi ndi yaing'ono kwambiri, imagulitsidwa ngati mawonekedwe a granules - mbewu, yokhala ndi chipolopolo chapadera cha zakudya. Pofuna kuyesera kulima, ndibwino kusankha mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya eustoma mkati.
2. Timagulitsa zonse zofunika. Pofuna kuyendetsa malo, ziwiya zazing'ono zodzala ndi kuwala, nthaka ndi madzi (gawo lapansi), mwachitsanzo, nthaka yokonzedwa bwino ya senpolia, idzafunidwa. M'pofunikanso kukonzekera polyethylene kapena galasi ya mini-wowonjezera kutentha ndi nyali ya fulorosenti yokonzekera kuunika kofunikira.
3. Timafesa mbande. Kuchokera kwa kugwa kwa mbeu m'nthaka kwa maluwa oyambirira kumatenga pafupifupi miyezi isanu ndi umodzi. Choncho, nthawi yofesa eustoma imagwera pa nthawi ya maholide a Chaka chatsopano - kumapeto kwa December - kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa January. Bzalidwa mochedwa kuposa eustoma, ngakhale kuti idzakula, sikungatheke kukhala wosangalala ndi maluwa isanayambike nyengo yozizira. Kufesa kumachitika mwapang'ono - granules amaikidwa pamwamba pa nthaka, ndiyeno amanyoza kwambiri kuchokera ku atomizer.
4. Ife timapanga bungwe la wowonjezera kutentha. Mlendo wochokera ku mayiko otentha, kulima kwa eustoma kumafuna zoyenera. Kuti mbewu izi zitheke bwino, amafunika kutentha kwambiri, kutentha kwa +20 ... +25 ° C ndi kutayatsa kuwala kwa maola oposa 14 patsiku. Kuti apange izi, chidebe chokhala ndi mbewu chiyenera kuwonetsedwa ndi kanema kapena galasi ndikuyika pansi pa nyali ya fulorosenti. Nthawi zonse (masiku asanu ndi awiri onse asanu ndi awiri ndi asanu ndi awiri), wowonjezera kutentha ayenera kukhala mpweya wokwanira (10-15 mphindi) ndipo, ngati kuli kotheka, sungani nthaka, yesetsani kudzaza nthaka ndi mbewu.

Eustoma - mbande

Mphukira yoyamba ya eustoma imatuluka padziko lapansi pa 14-15 tsiku litatha kufesa. Kawirikawiri, kumera kwa mbewu kumatenga kuyambira masabata atatu mpaka mwezi. Pambuyo pake, kutentha kwa zomwe zilipo ziyenera kuchepetsedwa kufika 18 ° C. Pamene masamba awiri amamera pazomera, mbande ziyenera kuponyedwa m'magawo osiyana. Poganizira kuti maluwa a chipinda cha eustoma m'nthaŵiyi ali ndi kukula kwakukulu, opaleshoniyi imatha kukhala ndi zodzikongoletsera - kotero mofatsa ayenera kuchita kuti asawononge mizu.

Pakadutsa miyezi iwiri mbande ziyenera kubzalidwa kachiwiri, koma ndi njira ya kusintha. Pansi pa mphika ayenera kuika madzi okwanira . Panthawi imeneyi ndizotheka kukana zonse zowonjezera kutentha komanso zowonjezera - miphika ndi mbande zikhoza kuikidwa pazenera zowonongeka bwino. Kukhazika mtima pansi kotchedwa Eustoma kumapeto kwa mwezi wa May kudzakonzeka kwathunthu kuikidwa pamalo otseguka.

Kodi mungasamalire bwanji eustoma?

Mnyumba wochokera ku dzuwa lotentha lakumidzi eustoma kulima ndi chisamaliro kumafuna zosakhwima. Choyamba, eni ake adzalandira chithandizo choyenera chakumwa, kuti mbewuyo isadwale chifukwa cha kusowa kwa chinyezi, koma sichikugwidwa ndi matenda ovunda. Chachiwiri, mizu ya eustoma silingalekerere nkhaŵa, choncho chomera chachikulu chikhoza kuikidwa pokhapokha panthawi zovuta kwambiri komanso kusunga zizindikiro zonse.

Kusindikizidwa kwa Eustoma

Pofuna kusuntha mbande m'munda wamaluwa, mukhoza kuchita pamene tchire timapanga timadzi ta 6-8. Ndi bwino kusankha tsiku losatentha kwambiri chifukwa cha izi kapena kuchita madzulo. Mitsuko ya chitsamba chilichonse ikhale yokonzeka kuti mbewu zisabzalidwe mozama kusiyana ndi kukula mu mphika. Kwa nthawi yoyamba, chisamaliro cha eustoma chiyenera kusamalidwa mosamala: kusunga chinyezi ndi kuteteza motsutsana ndi chisanu cha usiku, chitsamba chilichonse chiyenera kupangidwa ndi botolo la pulasitiki. Mu masabata 2-3 mutatha kuziyika izi wowonjezera kutentha akhoza kuchotsedwa.

Choyambirira cha eustoma

Zomwe zimapangidwira kukula kwa eustoma zimatanthawuza kuti chiwerengero cha malo omwe amachimera chomerachi chimakhala chokwanira kwambiri. Dothi la kukula kwa mizu liyenera kulola mumlengalenga ndi madzi, kukhala ndi zakudya zambiri. Mthunzi wobzala ukhoza kudzazidwa ndi dothi la nthaka losakanizidwa ndi mchenga, peat kapena humus. Zomwe zimachitikira azimayi a nyumba zam'madzi zimasonyeza kuti eustoma, yomwe idamera pa chernozem, mwamsanga inayamba kukula ndikukondwera ndi maluwa. Ndipo nthaka yolemetsa ya dothi inachititsa kuti pang'onopang'ono pang'onopang'ono pang'onopang'ono komanso kukula kwa matenda.

Chomera cha Eustoma - chimakhala cha madzi okwanira

Lysianthus-eustoma imamera pakhomo pokhapokha ngati chinyontho chofunikira chimaperekedwa. Kuti mukhalebe, mungafunikire kukhazikitsa wokonza mpweya. Zonse mu chipinda ndi m'munda, zinyama ziyenera kuthiriridwa pokhapokha atayanika pamwamba pa nthaka, kuonetsetsa kuti nthaka imakhala yonyowa nthawi zonse, koma osati yonyowa. Kupopera mbewu izi ndizolepheretsa, kuthirira kumayenera kuchitidwa pansi pazu, pogwiritsa ntchito madzi ofunda, oimirira pa izi.

Kodi mungadyetse bwanji mbande za eustoma?

Kuthamangira kukula kwa mbande ndi kuwonjezereka kwake kukana matenda ndi kotheka m'nthawi yopangidwa kudyetsa eustoma. Pogwiritsiridwa ntchito kwake, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza "Kemira luxury", kukonzekera "Zircon" ndi HB-101. Izi zidzathandiza mbande kumanga mizu ndi kukula. Sizingakhale zodabwitsa kubwereza ndondomekoyi ndi masiku 10-14 mutabzala mbewu kumalo osatha. Pa nthawi ya maluwa, ndibwino kuti eustoma idyetsedwe kamodzi pa masabata asanu ndi limodzi ndi feteleza kwa zomera.

Matenda a eustoma

Mofanana ndi ena okonda nyengo, eustoma imakhala ndi matenda osiyanasiyana a fungal. Chisautso cha chomera chobiriwira chikhoza kuwonongeke ndi imvi zowola kapena powdery mildew . Mmera nthawi zambiri umatayika pamzu chifukwa cha kuvulala kwa mwendo wakuda. Mu chikhalidwe cha eustoma - duwa kwa zaka zambiri, koma mu nyengo zakutchire, dampness ndi matenda othandizira amachititsa imfa yake m'chaka choyamba cha moyo. Kupopera mankhwala ndi fungicides kumathandiza ndi vuto: "Aktellik", "Confidor", "Fitoverm".