Tsabola ndi kutentha kwa zomera ndi chikhalidwe chawo. Dziko lawo ndi otentha ku Central America. Kubzala tsabola mu wowonjezera kutentha ndi njira yabwino kwambiri yolikula mu nyengo yamlengalenga. Kuti mukhale ndi mizu yabwino, kusakhala kwa chisanu ndi dothi ndi ofunika kwambiri. Mu nyengo yotentha, tsabola imakula popanda mavuto, kuyisangalatsa komanso kukolola.
Momwe mungamere tsabola mu wowonjezera kutentha?
Pa nthawi ya tsabola yowonjezera ku malo osatha kukula, iyenera kukhala miyezi iwiri. Mbande ziyenera kukhala ndi zimayambira ndi kutalika kwa masentimita 25, masamba opangidwa bwino mu kuchuluka kwa 12-14 zidutswa ndi osayambira masamba. Panthawiyi iyenera kukhala yozizira kwambiri. Pachifukwachi, chikhoza kuikidwa pa khonde lotseguka, komwe kutentha kwa usiku kumakhala kwa dongosolo la 10-15 ° C. Zambiri za momwe mungabzalitsire tsabola mu wowonjezera kutentha, timapeza pansipa pa zinthuzo.
Kutentha kwa dothi kwa tsabola kubzala mu wowonjezera kutentha
Nthawi yomwe tsabola iyenera kubzalidwa mu wowonjezera kutentha ayenera kutsimikiziridwa molingana ndi nyengo ya dera. Panthawiyi, nthaka yotentha ikuyenera kutenthedwa mpaka 15 ° C kufika pakuyala masentimita 10. Monga njira yowonjezereka, zimalimbikitsidwa kuthirira madzi mabedi otentha (+ 70 ° C). Momwe mungabzalidwe mbande za tsabola mu wowonjezera kutentha mutatha kutentha: muyenera kuyembekezera mpaka madzi atengeka ndi pang'ono.
Lamulo la kubzala tsabola mu wowonjezera kutentha
Mbande ziyenera kubzalidwa kuti mizu yokha ikhazikitsidwe pansi, ndiko kuti, siyenela kukwirira tsinde lake. Ngati prikopat stem, idzachititsa kuimitsa kukula ndi kukula kwa mbewu. Ngati mbandezo zakula mu miphika, tsabola ayenera kubzalidwa pamodzi ndi iwo - njirayi ndi yabwino kwambiri komanso yopatsa tsabola. Momwe mungabzalitsire tsabola mu wowonjezera kutentha, ngati inu simunagwiritse ntchito miphika ya peat: muyenera kuumitsa nthaka pansi pa mbande ndikuyendetsa mosamala pamodzi ndi chodabwitsa kwambiri.
Kodi ndikutali bwanji kudzala tsabola mu wowonjezera kutentha?
Ndi kukula kwake kokhala ndi 3x6 m, mtunda wa pakati pa tsabola ukadzala mu wowonjezera kutentha ukhoza kufanana ndi masentimita 45. Mtunda pakati pa mizere iyenera kukhala masentimita 35. Palinso njira zina zobzala tsabola malingana ndi zosiyanasiyana. Mwachitsanzo, mitundu yochepa ya kukula ingabzalidwe pafupi - pamtunda wa 20-30 masentimita pakati pa tchire (6-7 tchire pa 1 mita imodzi), koma kwa sing'anga-kakulidwe ndi wamtali zomera, mtunda uyenera kukhala osachepera 35-40 centimita (4-5 tchire kwa 1 sq. m.).
Palinso njira ina yomwe tsabola imabzalidwa mu wowonjezera kutentha, imatchedwa lalikulu-nesting. Kuchita izi mu nthaka kumapanga grooves kukula kwa 60x60 masentimita. Ili ndi zomera 2. Ngati mumapanga dzenje 70x70, mukhoza kuyika muzitsamba zitatu. Muzitsulo zonsezi, muyenera kutsanulira kompositi kapena humus, mukusakaniza ndi nthaka. Kuthirira dzenje lililonse ndi madzi okwanira 1 litre, mukhoza kupitiriza kubzala.
Pamene chodzala tsabola mu wowonjezera kutentha?
Nthaŵi yobzala tsabola mu wowonjezera kutentha imadalira makamaka ngati ikuwotchedwa kapena ayi, komanso momwe nyengo ikuyendera. Malinga ndi izi, nthawi yofesa mbewu imasiyana. Nthawi zambiri, nyembazo zimabzalidwa kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa March, kuti ayambe kusamba mbande mu wowonjezera kutentha m'masiku oyambirira a May. M'nyengo yotentha ya polycarbonate wowonjezera kutentha tsabola akhoza kubzalidwa kale pakati pa mwezi wa April. Koma kubzala koyambirira kwa mbande za tsabola mu wowonjezera kutentha kumafuna kuyamba kwakukula kuyambira pakati pa February.
Kusamalira pepper mu wowonjezera kutentha mutabzala
M'mawonekedwe abwino otentha a polycarbonate, kubzala ndi kusamalira tsabola sikovuta. Komabe pali zina zomwe ndi zofunika kwambiri kuziwona kuti mupeze mbewu zabwino ndi zoyenera:
- Nthawi zonse muyenera kusinthasintha kutentha - ngakhale kusintha kwakukulu mmenemo kungasokoneze kukula kwa mbande zomwe zidabzalidwa.
- Patapita nthawi madzi. Ngati muiwala kupereka zakumwa kumunda, zidzakuuzeni za masambawa ndi masamba ofiira.
- Ndibwino kumasula nthaka nthawi ndi nthawi - izi zimapindulitsa ndi mpweya ndipo zimapangitsa kuti chinyezi chiziyenda mofulumira.
- Poyamba, perekani kuwala kwa tsabola. Ngati palibe kuwala kokwanira, mphukira idzakhala yochepa. Ndipo mosiyana - mwabwino iwo adzakhala owala ndi odzaza.
- Ndikofunika kufalitsa feteleza m'nthaka - kavalidwe kawiri kawiri kawiri kawiri kawiri kawiri kawiri kawiri kawiri.
Kusamalira tsabola mu wowonjezera kutentha mutabzala - kuthirira
Pepper ndi imodzi mwa zomera zonyansa kwambiri. Kubzala tsabola wobiriwira mu wowonjezera kutentha ndipo pambuyo pake kusamalirako kumaphatikizapo ulimi wothirira. Kulephera kwa chinyezi kumabweretsa mapangidwe a masamba a bulauni, omwe amatsiriza kukhala ovunda . Panthawi yopanga mazira ambiri, kusowa kwa chinyezi kumabweretsa zipatso zazing'ono ndi zopanda pake. Pachifukwa ichi, mphamvu yothirira yabwino nthawi zambiri ndi pang'onopang'ono. Kugumula kwakukulu kwa izo kudzachititsa kuwonongeka kwa mizu.
Pepper wodyetsa mu wowonjezera kutentha mutabzala
Mitengo ya feteleza ya tsabola mu wowonjezera kutentha pakabzala kubzala kumathandiza kupanga mapulani abwino ndi amphamvu. Yankho lirikonzedwa motere: mu 10 malita a madzi, 10 magalamu a ammonium nitrate, 20 magalamu a calcium nitrate ndi 30 magalamu a double superphosphate alimbidwa. Chotero kusakaniza madzi madzi onse chitsamba mwamsanga mutatha kuziika. Kuwonjezera pa fetereza feteleza, mungagwiritse ntchito organic - imalimbikitsa kukula kwa zobiriwira mbali ya mbande ndi kufulumira kukula ndi kusasitsa mbewu.
Kodi ndingapeze tsabola mu wowonjezera kutentha?
Kuyambira mwezi woyamba mutha kubzala tsabola mu wowonjezera kutentha, imakula pang'onopang'ono, ndizotheka kugwiritsa ntchito malo omwe panopa alibe kanthu kuti kulima. Mofanana ndi tsabola mu saladi wowonjezera kutentha, sipinachi, sorelo - amakhalanso amakonda kuthirira mobwerezabwereza. Pepper kuchokera kumudzi uwu sungataye, ndipo mudzapeza kubwerera kwakukulu kuchokera ku lalikulu mamita ake wowonjezera kutentha. Kodi chingabzalidwe ndi tsabola mu wowonjezera kutentha kuphatikizapo greenery?
Bzalani tsabola mu wowonjezera kutentha pamodzi ndi tomato
Chifukwa cha ziwalo za tomato ndi tsabola kwa mtundu umodzi - Solanaceae, malo awo okhala pansi pa denga limodzi la wowonjezera kutentha ndilovomerezeka. Komanso, kubzala kwa tsabola ndi tomato mumodzi wowonjezera kutentha kumawathandiza kupeza zokolola zabwino ku mbewu zonsezi. Kudzala tchire ndibwino kwambiri. Choyamba, mu wowonjezera kutentha, tomato wamtali ayenera kuikidwa, ndipo pakati pawo, ngaleyo iyenera kubzalidwa. Mutatha kudula tomato woyamba, tsabola lidzalandira kuwala ndi danga lofunikira.
Ndondomeko ina ya nyembayi ndi tsabola yobzala pamodzi ndi mizere ya tomato. Izi zidzasunga tsabola ku nsabwe za nsabwe za m'masamba, zomwe sizilekerera fungo lochokera ku tchire phwetekere. Ndipo njira yachitatu - malo a tomato ndi tsabola mbali zosiyanasiyana za wowonjezera kutentha. Ndi zofunika kugwiritsa ntchito mitundu yambiri ya tomato. Kubzala tsabola mu wowonjezera kutentha mu nkhani iyi iyenera kupangidwa kumpoto kwa greenhouse.
Kubzala tsabola ndi abereji mu wowonjezera kutentha
Poganizira zomwe mungaike pafupi ndi tsabola mu wowonjezera kutentha, ganizirani zomwe mungachite pozungulira tsabola ndi biringanya. Zonsezi zimakhala ndi malamulo omwe akukula komanso zofunikira - zonsezi ndi thermophilic, ulamuliro wawo wothirira ndi ofanana. Kokha, monga tomato, ndi bwino kupewa malo odyera biringanya ndi mitundu ya tsabola yotentha. Zokoma mitundu yomweyo zimagwirizana ndi tomato ndi biringanya.
Chomera zitsamba pamtunda wa masentimita 45 kuchokera pa mzake, kusiya danga pakati pa mizera pafupifupi 60 masentimita. Kufika kumatha kuyamba pa 1 Meyi. Zomera zonsezi silingalekerere kupezeka kwa zida. Kuthirira nthawi ya maluwa ndi kofunikira ndi kuchulukitsa kawiri kapena katatu pa sabata. Ndi bwino kupewa kutsegula kwambiri chifukwa cha malo osadziwika a mizu. Monga titha kuwonera, zikhalidwe zonse zimakhala zofanana kwambiri ndi chisamaliro, chifukwa kulima kwawo kamodzi komweko sikungayambitse vuto lililonse ndi kuyesayesa kwina.
Kubzala nkhaka ndi tsabola umodzi wowonjezera kutentha
Kugwirizana kwa kubzala nkhaka ndi tsabola mu wowonjezera kutentha ndi koipa kwambiri kuposa tomato ndi aubergines. Zonsezi ndizofunikira pakukula nkhaka - amakonda chikondi ndi kukonkha nthawi zambiri, pamene tsabola amakonda kutentha ndi kutentha. Kuchokera kuwonjezeka kwa chinyezi chofunika kwa nkhaka, tsabola akhoza kukhala ndi bowa. Ndipo komabe, ndi chikhumbo chachikulu, zotsatirazi zikhoza kupezeka mwa kumanga chingwe chowoneka pakati pa zomera ziwiri.
Njira inanso ndiyo kukwaniritsa kuchuluka kwa chinyezi cha mbewu zonsezi. Chizindikiro ichi chiyenera kukhala pa mlingo wa 70-80%. Ngati matendawa afika, tsabola ndi nkhaka zambiri zidzapambana. Muyenera kuganizira zokhazikika za tchire ndikupanga chithunzi chodzala. Mtunda pakati pa mizere ya tsabola ndi nkhaka ayenera kukhala osachepera 60 masentimita.