Funso la kudzidzimva ndi kudzichepetsa kulibe chidwi kwa akatswiri a maganizo, ndipo mayesero akhala akupangidwa nthawi ndi nthawi kuti apange njira zabwino. Sitikutha kunena kuti onsewa sanapambane, koma palibe njira yeniyeni yodziwiritsira. Njira imodzi yodzidziŵika kwambiri ndiyo njira ya Dembo-Rubinstein yofufuza. Anatchulidwa kulemekeza ozilenga - Tamara Dembo anapanga njira, ndipo Susanna Rubinstein anasintha izo kuti aphunzire kudzidalira.
Njira yophunzirira kudzidalira kwa Dembo-Rubinstein
Kunja, njirayi ndi yophweka - maphunzirowa akufunsidwa kuyesa, zomwe zotsatira zake zimatanthauzidwa ndi katswiri wa zamaganizo. Njira ya Dembo-Rubinstein yofufuza njirayi ndi iyi: Pali mizere isanu ndi iwiri yolembera (mamba) pa pepala losonyeza thanzi, malingaliro, luso lochita chinachake ndi manja a munthu, mawonekedwe, khalidwe, olamulira, kudzidalira. Mzere uliwonse uli ndi malire omveka kuyambira pachiyambi ndi mapeto, ndipo pakati ndikudziwika kuti sizingaoneke. Chigawo chapamwamba chikutanthauza kukula kwa khalidwe (munthu wokondwa kwambiri), m'munsimu akunena za kusowa kwabwino kwabwino (munthu wosauka kwambiri). Kuchokera pamutuwu kufunikira kuyika pa mzere uliwonse chinthu (-) mlingo wa chitukuko cha khalidwe lirilonse panthawiyi. Mzere wozungulira (O) uyenera kuzindikiridwa kuti msinkhu wa chitukuko cha makhalidwe amene angadzitamandire wekha kumverera. Kenaka, muyenera kufufuza bwinobwino maluso anu ndikuwonetsa mlingo (x) womwe ungathe kuperekedwa pamtanda (x).
Kuti chiwerengerochi chikhale chophweka, kutalika kwa mlingo uliwonse kuyenera kukhala 100 mm, ndipo mulingo umodzi wa millimeter uyenera kuwerengedwa mofanana ndi mfundo imodzi (chitsanzo chikuwonetsedwa mu chiwerengero). Mayesowa amaperekedwa kwa mphindi 10-12. Ngati mutayesa kudziyesa nokha, poyamba perekani mayesero, kenaka muwerenge kutanthauzira. Apo ayi, kumvetsetsa kwake kudzakhudza zotsatira zotsatira.
Kutanthauzira ndondomeko ya Dembo-Rubinstein
Kuti mudziwe kudzifufuza nokha pogwiritsa ntchito njira ya Dembo-Rubinstein, m'pofunikira kudziwa magawo atatu ake - kutalika, kukhazikika ndi zowona. Gawo loyamba la "thanzi" silikugwira nawo ntchitoyi, yotchedwa mayeso, masikelo otsalira amayenera kuwonedwa.
Kutalika kwa kudzidalira. Chiwerengero cha masewera oposa 45 chikutanthauza kudzichepetsa, kuyambira 45 mpaka 74 chimasonyeza chiwerengero cha kudzidalira, ndipo chapamwamba chikugwirizana ndi mfundo 75-100. Kudzidalira kwambiri kungathe kunena za kusakhazikika kwaumwini, kusakhoza kuyesa bwinobwino zotsatira za ntchito yawo, kudziyerekezera ndi ena. Komanso, kudzikuza kwambiri kungasonyeze kusokonezeka popangidwe kwa munthu - kutsekedwa kwa zochitika, kusowa kuzindikira zolakwa zake. Kudzichepetsa kumasonyeza kudzikayikira kwenikweni kapena chitetezo, pamene kuzindikira kuti sitingakwanitse kuchita chilichonse.
Kudzidalira kwenikweni. Maonekedwe abwino amakhala ndi mapeji 60 mpaka 89, okhala ndi mapepala opitirira 75-89, omwe amasonyeza bwino kwambiri zomwe angathe. Zotsatira za mfundo zoposa 90 zikuwonetsa malingaliro olakwika omwe ali nawo okha. Zotsatira zake ndi zosachepera makumi asanu ndi makumi asanu ndi zitatu zomwe zimayimira zonena za anthu, zomwe ziri chizindikiro
Kukhazikika kwa kudzidalira. Mfundoyi imasonyezedwa ndi mgwirizano pakati pa zithunzi zomwe zaikidwa pa mamba. Mitanda iyenera kuikidwa pakati pa zizindikiro "-" ndi "O". Mtunda pakati pa zero ndi mtanda umaimira nthawi yosafikika kusiyana ndi yochepa, ndipo mtunda wa mtanda ndi wawukulu, umakhala wapamwamba kwambiri. Mugs ayenera kukhala pang'ono pamunsi pa chithunzi chachikulu kwambiri, munthu ayenera kumvetsa kuti sakufunikira zabwino. Ngati kudzidalira kulibe kanthu, zizindikiro za masikelo osiyana "dumpha", ndiye izi ndi umboni wosasinthasintha maganizo.
Kugwiritsa ntchito njirayi pakuphunzira kudzidalira kungapereke zotsatira zolondola. Koma ndi bwino kuganizira kuti kusanthula kolondola kungapangidwe ndi katswiri, popeza wophunzira masewera samangoyang'ana zinthu zochepa zomwe ziri zofunika kwambiri.