Diso ndi mawonekedwe a optical kumene kuwala kwa kuwala kumayang'ana pa retina, kupanga zithunzi. Kutalika kwapakati pa diso la munthu kuli pafupi 23.5 mm, koma nthawi zina pali kuphwanya kwa kutalika kwake, ndipo chifukwa chake, mavuto ndi masomphenya. Matenda omwe amapezeka kwambiri ndi myopia, kapena amatchedwa - myopia.
Kodi myopia yapamwamba ya digiri?
Mu mankhwala, myopia imagawidwa mu madigiri atatu: ofooka, apakati ndi olemera.
Ndi myopia wam'katikati, mawonekedwe owonetsera amasiyana kuchokera ku-diopters -3 mpaka -6.
Ngati myopia ya digiri yofooka siingayambitse kupweteka kwambiri komanso pachigawo choyambirira sichifuna ngakhale kuvala magalasi kapena magalasi, ndiye kuti magalasi kapena mapulogalamu amadzimadzi amavomereza amavomerezedwa. Kuonjezera apo, pa digiti ya myopia, magulu awiri a magalasi nthawi zambiri amalembedwa: imodzi yokonzedweratu, kutalika, ndi imodzi ya ma diopters 1.5-3 osachepera kuwerenga ndi kugwira ntchito ndi zinthu zomwe zili pafupi. Komanso, kuyambira pa digiri ya digirii, nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito: ndikoti, magalasi okhala ndi magalasi ophatikizana, komwe kumtunda kuli magalasi amphamvu, kuyang'ana zinthu zakutali, ndi pansi - zofooka, powerenga.
Myopia wa digiri yapamwamba ndi astigmatism
Astigmatism ndi kupweteka kwina kwa masomphenya, omwe amachokera ku chakuti cornea ili ndi mawonekedwe osasintha. Choncho, mphamvu zake zowonongeka zimatha kusiyana, ndipo kuwala sikukutanthauza chimodzimodzi, koma pangapo. Zotsatira zake, zinthu zimasokonezedwa ndi kutaya bwino. Astigmatism ikhoza kudziwonetsera yokha, koma nthawi zambiri imakhala pamodzi ndi myopia. Komanso, pamaso pa myopia, astigmatism sichikhoza kuoneka poyamba. Koma ngati simungathe kukonza myopia ndi maselo ambiri, ndiye kuti astigmatism ikhoza kuchitika. Pankhaniyi, kuti mubwezeretsenso mawonekedwe apadera, mapulogalamu apadera amafunika, osakonzeratu zovuta, koma ndi vutoli.
Kuchiza kwa myopia ya pakati
Kukonzekera kuyang'anitsitsa ndi njira zothandizira sikutheka. Munthu akhoza kubwezeretsa zooneka bwino pogwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zamakono zowonetsera: magalasi kapena magalasi, koma kenanso. Apo ayi, mankhwala osokoneza bongo, physiotherapy, masewera olimbitsa thupi maso sakhala ochiritsira, koma pokhala ndi masomphenya komanso kupewa myopia.
Ngati pali myopia yopanda pang'onopang'ono ya mlingo wapakati wa maso onse, ndiye masomphenyawo angakonzedwe opaleshoni. Ntchito yowonjezereka kukonza mlingo wamakono myopia ndi kukonzanso masomphenya a laser. Mothandizidwa ndi laser, mawonekedwe a cornea amasintha, omwe amachititsa kukhala lens yowonjezera ndikuthandizira kupeza cholinga choyenera.
Masomphenya akawonongeke ndi oposa 1 ojambula pa chaka, amanenedwa za myopia yopita patsogolo. Myopia yotereyi, nthawi, ngati siimalepheretseratu kukula kwake, imafika pamlingo waukulu. Ngati njira zowonetsetsa kuti matendawa asamayende, sungani kuchitapo kanthu mwamsanga, koma cholinga chake makamaka ndikuchepetsanso kuwonongeka
Zoperewera mu myopia yolimbitsa thupi
Myopia ndi maseĊµera oyenera, maseĊµera ayenera kusamalidwa mosamala kuposa mofatsa. Ndizofunika kupewa zolemetsa zambiri, choncho zokhudzana ndi kuvomereza masewera ena ziyenera kutengedwa ndi oculist.
Achinyamata omwe amaloledwa kulowa usilikali, omwe ali ndi digiri ya medieval myopia, amagawidwa m'gulu B ndipo amawonedwa kuti ndi ochepa.