Popeza mutabzala mtengo wa chitumbuwa m'munda mwanu, ife tikuyembekeza kuti udzabwera bwino, ndipo kenako udzaphuka ndi kubala zipatso zochuluka. Koma nthawi zambiri amateur wamaluwa amaiwala za kuthekera kwa zirombo ndi matenda.
Pamapeto pa moyo wa mtengowo, nthawi zambiri mumakumana ndi mavuto omwewo. Zinthu zimenezi nthawi zonse zimakhala bwino kuchenjeza kuposa kuchiza. Komabe, palibe amene angapewe ndi chidziwitso cha momwe angapulumutsire chitumbuwa ku matenda. Kotero, tiyeni tiyang'ane pa mfundo zazikulu.
Matenda otheka a yamatcheri
Kawirikawiri, chitumbuwa chikuwonekera ku matenda opatsirana, omwe ndi ovuta kuona ndi kuzindikira zizindikiro zina:
- Cockomicomycosis pakati pa matenda a chitumbuwa amatenga malo oyamba. Chowonadi ndi chakuti mitundu yonse ya mtengo uwu, yomwe inamangidwa kwa nthawi yayitali, sitingatsutsane ndi bowa ili limene tibweretsedwa kuchokera ku Scandinavia. Chitetezo chokwanira chimapezeka kokha ku hybrids wa chitumbuwa ndi mbalame chitumbuwa, komanso inamva mitundu. Ndi coccomicosis, muyenera kuyamba kumenyana mwamsanga mukamawona spores za m'mphepete mwa masamba kapena mabala a bulauni, zomwe zimadzakhala mawanga. Matendawa amakhudza zipatso za yamatcheri - atatha kusintha, zipatso zimakhala zosayenera.
Zotsatira izi zimatengedwa kuti zithetse mtengo wodwala:
- mankhwala ndi 3% Bordeaux fluid (mu kasupe);
- pamene chomera chikufalikira, chiyenera kukonzedwa ndi mchere wamkuwa, mankhwala "Skor" kapena "Topsin-M";
- Mutatha kukolola, ndibwino kubwereza chithandizo ndi njira imodzi yomwe ili pamwambapa.
Moniliose wa chitumbuwa ndi vuto lina lomwe lingakhoze kuchitika kwa ilo. Nthendayi imatchedwanso monilial kutentha, monga mbali zomwe zimakhudzidwa za mtengo zikuwoneka ngati zotentha. Moniliosis imagwira pamphuno ya mtengo (pa iyo imawoneka ngati yakuda kwambiri) ndi zipatso zomwe zimayamba kuvunda. Pa nthambi ndi thunthu la chitumbuwa ming'onoting'ono pang'onopang'ono kumaoneka, chingamu chimayamba kutuluka. Chithandizo cha cherry monilias chimaphatikizapo kupopera mtengo ndi mkuwa ndi vitriol yachitsulo, Bordeaux madzimadzi , oleocuprit, nitrafen, ndi zina. Chofunika kuti muchite izi zisanayambe. Pambuyo maluwa, mukhoza kusamalira chitumbuwa ndi fungicides, monga "Captan", "Kuprozan", "Phthalan", etc.). Nthambi zowopsya zimayenera kudulidwa, kutenga masentimita 10 a matupi abwino. Izi ndizomwe mungapewe kukonzanso mankhwala a moniliasis kuti bowa lisapitirire. Gribkov ndi matenda, otchedwa holey malo . Kuchokera pa dzina limeneli zikuonekeratu kuti pa masamba a mtengo amawoneka mawanga (bulauni ndi malire a mdima), akukula mumabowo. Zomwezo zimachitika ndi zipatso, ndipo makungwa a mtengo amauma, chingamu chimayamba. Chitani chitumbuwacho kuchokera ku holey chiwonongeko mwamsanga, mutangozindikira zizindikiro zoyamba. Kupopera mbewu kumaphatikizapo ndi kukonzekera komweko monga momwe amachitira mankhwala a moniliasis, ndipo mphukira zakuda zimadulidwa ndipo makamaka zimaphimbidwa ndi munda var. Kulimbana ndi matenda a chitumbuwa ndi mankhwalawa kumaphatikizapo kuwonongedwa kwa nthambi za matenda, zipatso ndi masamba, kuphatikizapo kugwa. Ayenera kuwotchedwa, ndipo nthaka pansi pa mtengo iyenera kukumba, ndipo kawiri - kugwa ndi kumapeto. Kamedetechenie si matenda odziimira okha, koma ndi chizindikiro. Mukawona kuti madzi amadzimadzi amamasulidwa ku thunthu ndi nthambi, muyenera kumvetsera kwambiri mtengo wotere: chitani chithandizo chodziletsa ndi mkuwa wa sulfate, tetezani thunthu ndi mandimu, kuphimba ndi zilonda petralatum kapena sera yachitsulo, ndipo mwamsanga muwononge mphukira zakuwonongeka. Komanso, yamatcheri amamenyedwa ndi tizilombo tosiyanasiyana , zomwe mukufunikira sizowopsa kusiyana ndi matenda. Zimaphatikizapo chitumbuwa cha aphid ndi zevila, njenjete yothamanga, sawfly yamagazi. Kuchotsa izo kumathandiza tizilombo towononga. Momwe mungapulumutsire chitumbuwa chanu ku matenda, mlimi aliyense ayenera kudziwa kuti mitengo yake ikhale yathanzi ndi kuonetsetsa kuti nthawi yokolola imatha.