Zomera za m'munda mwanu zikukula ndikuzikulitsa ndikofunika kudyetsa. Monga chovala chapamwamba, feteleza osiyanasiyana angagwiritsidwe ntchito: zonse za organic ndi mineral. Imodzi mwa feteleza ya feteleza yowonjezera ndi yowonjezera ndi manyowa, makamaka, kavalo.
Manyowa a mahatchi monga fetereza: ntchito yake m'dziko
Manyowa a mahatchi amaonedwa kuti ndiwo feteleza abwino kwambiri, popeza ali ndi zakudya zambiri zambiri, ndibwino kuti uzigwiritsa ntchito monga Kutentha kwa malo obiriwira. N'zosadabwitsa kuti imatchedwanso kutentha, chifukwa imakhala yotentha mofulumira.
Ubwino wa manyowa a mahatchi umadalira malita omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito:
- udzu wa tirigu mbewu;
- peat;
- utuchi.
Udzu umatha kutulutsa mpweya wambiri ndipo umataya pang'ono nayitrogeni.
Kugwiritsa ntchito peat ngati zinyalala ndi njira yabwino kwambiri, manyowa a mahatchi ndi utuchi ndi woipitsitsa kwambiri.Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti kugwiritsa ntchito mosasamala kwa manyowa a m'tchire m'dzikoli kungabweretse mavuto osokoneza banja lanu.
Kuwongolera manyowa a akavalo
Manyowa a mahatchi ali ndi:
- 70% madzi;
- 26 peresenti ya organic substances;
- nitrogen;
- potaziyamu;
- phosphoric acid.
Kodi ndiwotani pa manyowa a akavalo?
Kudyetsa ndi ndowe za akavalo kumalimbikitsa khalidwe la nthaka:
- Amapereka mpweya wabwino, madzi ndi kutentha;
- kumawonjezera zinthu za carbon dioxide;
- nthaka ya dothi imapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta;
- Mu nthaka yamchenga imachepetsa chinyezi, osalola kuti asambe zakudya;
- kumayambitsa ntchito yofunikira ya tizilombo toyambitsa matenda;
- zimathandiza kuti nthaka ikhale yovuta kwambiri.
Kodi ndi chiyani chimene chingakhale feteleza ndi manyowa a akavalo?
Manyowawa ndi oyenera kubzala mbeu zosiyanasiyana:
- nkhaka;
- zukini;
- mphukira;
- kabichi;
- mbatata ndi ena ambiri.
Manyowa a mahatchi amafunikira kukula mbande mu wowonjezera kutentha kapena ngati feteleza panthaka ya zomera zokonda kutentha poyamba.
Kodi mungagwiritse ntchito bwanji manyowa atsopano?
Manyowa abwino amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'dzinja la kukumba. Kwa mamita 1 lalikulu, nthaka 4-6 kg ya manyowa imagwiritsidwa ntchito.
Manyowa watsopano akhoza kuchepetsedwa mu mbiya kupita ku yesero la madzi. Ngati muika mbiya yotere "kuyendayenda" mu wowonjezera kutentha kwa nkhaka, ndiye kuti idzafulumira. Komabe, ziyenera kukumbukiridwa kuti mbiya yotereyo iyenera kuyendetsedwa tsiku ndi tsiku. Chotsatira chake, mpweya wa carbon dioxide udzamasulidwa, womwe umathandiza kwambiri zomera.
Monga chovala chapamwamba, manyowa a mahatchi amadzi akhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito: kulowetsedwa kumakonzedwa pamtunda wa lita imodzi ya manyowa pa 10 malita a madzi. Musanayambe feteleza mbewu ndi manyowa a madzi a mahatchi, tsiku lisanayambe kuthirira madzi. Zamadzimadzi timadzi timadzi timatsanulira mwachindunji pansi pazu wa mbewu.
Kodi mungasunge bwanji manyowa a mahatchi?
Ndikofunika kukonza kusungirako manyowa bwino. Pali njira ziwiri zosunga:
- kuzizira: kuika manyowa m'matumba a minda, omwe atatha kunyamula ndi odzaza ndi nthaka;
- Kutentha: kuikapo manyowa (kutalika kwa umodzi umodzi - 50-70 cm) popanda kusindikiza.
Manyowa a mahatchi amatha kukhala ozizira. Kenaka amatha kutaya nayitrogeni yochepa, osadonthedwa, ndipo zinthu zakufa zidzasokoneza mofanana.
Kudula mitengo kuyenera kuchitika pamalo apadera. Zigawo zimagwiritsidwa ntchito motere:
- nthaka yochepa, peat kapena masamba owuma.
- manyowa (masentimita 15);
- kuwaza ufa wa phosphate (ufa wa 20 kg pa tononi ya manyowa);
- chovala chopanda pake;
- gawo lotsatira la manyowa;
- peat;
- manyowa, ndi zina zotero.
Choncho, zigawo zina za peat ndi manyowa. Chophimba chapamwamba ndi filimu, masamba owuma kapena bango.
Manyowa a mahatchi ndi imodzi mwa feteleza abwino kwambiri. Kudyetsa nthaka ndi manyowa wotere, mukhoza kupeza zokolola zabwino, chifukwa nthaka idzapindula nthawi zonse ndi zakudya.