Kuchotsa Cataract - zoyenera kwa odwala

Kuwonjezeka kwa disolo kumayambiriro koyamba kungaperekedwe mankhwala. Pakapita nthawi, kusokonezeka kwazithunzi kumachitika ndipo masomphenya amachepetsedwa. Pankhaniyi, njira yothetsera vutoli ndiyo kuchotsa nthendayi. Ngati opaleshoni yothandiziridwa ikuchitidwa ndi dokotala wodziwa bwino, ndipo malamulo onse akuwonedwa, kuchira kumabwera mofulumira.

Kodi kadoti imachotsedwa bwanji?

Njira zothandizira anthu odwala matendawa zimagwiritsidwa ntchito. Njira zothandizira kuchotsa nthenda zimadalira zizindikiro za matendawa. Pali njira zoterezi zopangira opaleshoni:

1. Akupanga phacoemulsification. Imeneyi ndi njira yodalirika kwambiri yochotsedwera. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito panthawi yoyamba ya chitukuko cha matenda. Kutengeka pang'ono (3 mm) kumapangidwira pa cornea, kupyolera mwa njira zina zonse zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito.
2. Laser. Chida chimayikidwa kupyolera mu-micro-cut on cornea. Dothi likuwononga malo owonongeka a lens.
3. Zowonjezeredwa. Opaleshoniyi imakhala yoopsa kwambiri kuposa opaleshoni ya laser. Pambuyo pa kudula kwa mmita 10 mm, chimake chimachotsedwa, crystal sac imatsukidwa ndipo kuyika kumaikidwa.
4. Mtsinje wa Intracapsular. Lens ndi kapule zachotsedwa, ndipo kuikidwa kumakhazikika pamalo amenewo.

Akupanga Opaleshoni ya Cataract

Kuti muchite izi, simukuyenera kuyembekezera kuti matendawa "akuphuka". Izi zimatha kuchepetsedwa kwa nthawi yaitali, ndipo moyo wa wodwalayo udzasintha ndi zosasangalatsa: sikutheka kugwira ntchito bwino, kumbuyo kwa gudumu ndi kuchita zina. Muzuwo udzasintha ntchito yonse kuchotsa nthendayi. Lili ndi ubwino wopindulitsa:

• chitetezo;
• kupweteka (kumachitidwa pansi pa anesthesia);
• chokhumudwitsa pang'ono;
• nthawi yachidule yobwezeretsa;
• kuchira mwamsanga ndi zina zotero.

Kodi mungatani kuti muchotse vutoli?

Opaleshoni yamtundu uwu ili ndi ubwino wambiri ndipo apa pali ena mwa iwo:

1. Kuchotsa kwa cataract ndi laser - opaleshoni yopanda mawondo.
2. Kulamulira pa opaleshoni kumachitidwa ndi dokotala pazowunikira, choncho zolakwika sizichotsedwa. Chophimbacho chimasonyeza chitsanzo chachitatu cha diso.
3. Kutsimikizika kwakukulu (mpaka 1 micron): palibe dokotala wa opaleshoni amene amatha kuchita izi ndi manja ake. Laser mwapang'onopang'ono amasuntha minofuyo. Gawo ili ndilokusindikizira patokha ndikukhazikika mwamsanga. Ngakhale chodula chozungulira chimatha kupangidwa ndi laser.
4. Amapereka makonzedwe odalirika a lenti yopangira ndi kukhazikika pakati. Zotsatira izi zikupitirira kwa zaka zambiri.

Kuwonetsetsa kwa opaleshoni ya cataract

Kupewera kwa opaleshoni ndi lens yotopetsa nthawi zina kumaletsedwa. Ngakhale kuchotsedwa kwa cataract kwa okalamba kumapereka zotsatira zabwino kwambiri, sitiyenera kuiwala zotsutsana. Zina mwazo ndizo matenda:

• matenda opatsirana;
• hemophilia;
• onkozabolevanija diso;
• matenda a ischemic;
• chowopsa;
• kanthawi kochepa pambuyo pa kupweteka kwa miyezi (yosakwana miyezi isanu ndi umodzi).

Kodi ndingathe kuchotsa cataract matenda a shuga?

Kusokoneza kotereku kwachitika bwino kwa zaka zambiri. Komabe, kuti opaleshoni ichotsere matenda a shuga popanda vuto, iyenera kuchitidwa kokha ndi ndondomeko yamtundu wa shuga. Popeza ndi matendawa kuwonongeka kwa mandala kumakula mofulumira kusiyana ndi anthu ena, sikutheka kukhala ndi opaleshoni. Izi zikhoza kuwonetsa kutaya kwathunthu kwa masomphenya.

Kodi mungakonzekere bwanji opaleshoni kuti muchotse vutoli?

Njira iliyonse yopaleshoni imapereka mayeso oyenerera. Maphunziro otsatirawa ayenera kuchitika:

• kusanthula magazi (kupangidwa, pa RW, ndi matenda a chiwindi);
• ECG;
• kuyambitsa mkodzo.

Zotsatira zonse sizili zowonjezereka kuposa mwezi wa kalendala kuyambira tsiku loperekera. ECG iyenera kuchitidwa milungu iwiri isanayambe kugwira ntchito. Wodwalayo ayenera kuikidwa m'chifuwa chachiwombankhanga. Ngati mchitidwewu ukuchitidwa m'miyezi 12 yapitayi, zotsatira zake ndi zowona, kotero palibe chifukwa choonjezeramo zina.

Kuonjezera apo, kukonzekera ntchito yotulutsira nthendayi kumaphatikizapo kupeza uphungu kuchokera kwa madokotala otere:

• ENT;
• wotchedwa endocrinologist;
• wothandizira;
• dokotala wa mano;
• katswiri wa zamoyo;
• katswiri wamagetsi (urologist);
• katswiri wamagetsi.

Kuthamanga akatswiri onsewa ndikofunikira kwambiri. Zidzathandiza kudziwa kuti thupi ndi matenda kapena kutupa. Kukonzekera kwa nthawi yake kwa matenda kumathandiza kupewa ndi kupeŵa mavuto aakulu. Wodwala sangachiritsidwe mosavuta, chifukwa kachilombo kobisala mu thupi kumaphatikizapo nthawi yobwezera.

Komanso mosamala kwambiri ayenera kumwa mankhwala. Wodwala ayenera kumudziwitsa odwala ophthalmologist nthawi zonse kuti amamwa mankhwala. Kuwonjezera apo, ndikofunika kupatula patangotha ​​sabata musanayambe kumwa mankhwala ndi anticoagulant kanthu. Kuletsedwa mwachigawo panthawiyi ndi kumwa mowa. Wodwalayo ayenera kumasulidwa kuntchito yolemetsa.

Kutangotsala pang'ono kuchotsa katemera, zotsatirazi ndizofunika:

1. Sambani tsitsi lanu.
2. Sambani.
3. Valani zovala zamkati za thonje.
4. Khalani ndi tulo.
5. Palibe chakudya kuchokera madzulo.
6. Mphepete mwachitsulo amawononga madzi osachepera.

Kodi ntchitoyi imachotsa bwanji vutoli?

Njira yothana ndi lenti yamafuta imadalira njira yopangira opaleshoni. Ngati kuchotsedwa kwa cataract kumachitika ndi njira yowopsya yowonjezereka kwambiri, opaleshoniyo yachita motere:

1. Malowa amachiritsidwa ndi wodwala matenda a antiseptic ndi anesthesia akuchitidwa.
2. Mdulidwe wapangidwa kuchokera 7 mpaka 10 mm m'litali.
3. Kapsule wam'mbuyo wa lens ndi khungu lake achotsedwa.
4. "Thumba" likuchotsedwa.
5. Inayika lenti yopangira.
6. Mipukutu imagwiritsidwa ntchito.

Pamene kuchotsa kwa cataract kumachitidwa ndi njira yosavuta yogwiritsa ntchito intracapsular, opaleshoni ikuwoneka ngati iyi:

1. Tchulani khungu mozungulira maso ndi njira yeniyeni ya bactericidal.
2. Anesthetize.
3. Pangani zovuta zambiri, monga chifukwa cha m'mphepete mwa crystalline lens.
4. Nsonga ya cryoextract imabweretsedwera kumalo otetezedwa ndipo minofu "imakopeka" nayo.
5. Chotsani lens loonongeka kudzera mu incision.
6. Pogwiritsa ntchito dzenjeli, chokhacho chimayikidwa ndikukhazikika.
7. Sindikiza incision.

Opaleshoni ya akupanga imatengedwa ngati "golide woyendera". Amapitiriza motere:

1. Kuthana ndi khungu kwa khungu kumachitidwa ndipo malo amtundu wa anesthesia amagwiritsidwa ntchito (kuyamwa kumagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri).
2. Kutenga pang'ono kumapangidwa pa cornea (pafupifupi 3 mm).
3. Capsulorhexis ikuchitika.
4. Amalowetsedwa m'kati mwa madzi apadera, omwe ayenera kuchepetsa batala la lenti.
5. Akuphwanyidwa ndi kuchotsedwa.
6. Kuika lensulo yamkati.
7. Kusindikiza dzenje.

Kodi opaleshoni imachitidwa bwanji kuchotsa nthenda yotchedwa cataract ndi chipangizo cha laser chimakhala chosiyana ndi njira zam'mbuyomu. Kuchita opaleshoni kotereku kumachitika motere:

1. Chitani mankhwala osokoneza bongo.
2. A micronadhesis amapangidwa pa cornea.
3. Capsulorhexis ikuchitika.
4. Mawu oyambirira akupangidwira ku chipinda chamkati cha zinthu zamagetsi.
5. Ray akuwononga lens.
6. Ma tubes amatengedwa m'thumba.
7. Sakanizani kumbuyo kwa capsule.
8. Ikani malonda a intraocular.
9. Sindikiza incision.

Kodi opaleshoni yamatenda amatenga nthawi yayitali bwanji?

Kutalika kwa njirayi kungasiyane. Kuchotsa njere ndi kubwezeretsa mandala kumachitika mu mphindi 15-20. Komabe, dokotala ayenera kukhala ndi nthawi yosungirako, kuti zonse zitheke kukonzekera. Kuonjezerapo, pambuyo pa njira yoyamba maola ochepa ayenera kufika pansi poyang'aniridwa ndi ophthalmologist.

Kuchita opaleshoni ya Cataract - nthawi yopuma

Kubwezeretsa pambuyo pazitsulo za lenti yamalazi kumadalira mwa njira yosankhidwa. Nthawi yonseyi ingakhale yogawanitsa magawo atatu:

1. Sabata yoyamba atatha opaleshoni kuti achotse kadotiyo m'malo mwake. Pangakhale kupweteka koopsya m'dera la peri-ocular ndi kutupa.
2. Kuyambira masiku 8 mpaka 30. Panthawi imeneyi, zooneka bwino zimakhala zosasunthika, kotero wodwala ayenera kusamala mwachidwi kuwonetsetsa.
3. Patatha masiku 31-180 opaleshoniyi. Pali chidziwitso chachikulu cha masomphenya.

Zosamalidwa pambuyo pa opaleshoni yochotsa njere

Pa nthawi yokonzanso, wodwala ayenera kutsatira mosamala malamulo a dokotala. Pambuyo pa opaleshoni kuchotsa nthendayi, simungathe kukweza zolemera. Kuonjezera apo, ntchito zakuthupi ndiletsedwa, chifukwa zimayambitsa kulumpha m'maganizo a m'mimba komanso zimayambitsa kutaya magazi. Zomwe zimachitikanso zimayambitsidwa ndi njira zamagetsi, kotero ndi bwino kukana kusamba, ma saunas ndi kusamba.

Zoletsedwe zimagwira ntchito kugona. N'zosatheka kugona pambali pa diso lomwe linagwiritsidwa ntchito, komanso m'mimba. Kutalika kwa zina zonse n'kofunikanso. Miyezi ingapo yoyamba atatha opaleshoni, kuchepa kwa nthawi yomwe ophthalmologists amagwira ndi maola 8 mpaka 9. Usiku ukapumula thupi libwezeretsedwa, kotero musamanyalanyaze.

Zowonjezera zina ndizo:

• zithunzi;
• zodzoladzola zokongoletsera (mungathe kuzigwiritsa ntchito kuyambira masabata 4 pambuyo pazitsulo ndi mosamala);
• kumwa mowa;
• kusuta;
• kukana zakudya zamtengo wapatali, zonunkhira ndi pickles mwezi woyamba wa kukonzanso.

Zovuta pambuyo pa opaleshoni ya cataract

Ngakhalenso dokotala wodziŵa bwino matenda opaleshoni sangathe kuteteza kwathunthu ku zotsatira zake zoipa. Pambuyo pa opaleshoni kuchotsa nthendayi, zovuta zotero zingayambe:

• Kuchuluka kwa retina (kawirikawiri kumapezeka mu matenda a shuga);
• kusuntha kwa lens yoikidwa;
• cataract yachiwiri;
• kuchepa kwa magazi m'chipinda chamkati;
• edema.

Kukonzanso pambuyo pa opaleshoni ya cataract

Kuteteza diso ku zinthu zosaoneka kunja kudzathandiza bandage. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito mwamsanga atatha opaleshoni. Pofuna kuthetsa vutoli pambuyo pa kuchotsedwa kwa cataract kunalibe mavuto, adokotala analamula mankhwala. Madontho a diso ndi zotsutsa ndi zotupa komanso zochiza matenda toyambitsa matenda zimafunika kuti machiritso apangidwe a cornea apite mwamsanga.

Ngati wodwalayo ali ndi udindo wokwaniritsa udindo wa dokotala, ndondomeko ya kukonzanso sikudzatha. Pambuyo pa opaleshoni ndikofunika kukachezera ophthalmologist nthawi zonse. Maulendo oterewa amathandizira kuti adziŵe matenda oyambitsa matenda. Ndikofunika kudya mokwanira nthawi ya kukonzanso. Zakudya za tsiku ndi tsiku ziyenera kupindula ndi mankhwala omwe ali ndi mphamvu zambiri za mavitamini A, C, E.

Ntchito yochotsa njere - zotsatira

Nthawi zambiri vuto lopweteka pambuyo pochita opaleshoni limawonedwa kwa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda aakulu. Izi zikuphatikizapo shuga, matenda a magazi ndi zina zotero. Zotsatira zopanda phindu zingakhalenso zogwiritsidwa ntchito pogwiritsira ntchito lens mu yakucha. Kwa odwala oterewa atachotsedwa, amapezeka kwa madokotala nthawi zambiri.