Khansara yowopsa ya khola lachiberekero

Chochititsa chachikulu cha khansara ya chiberekero ndi papillomavirus yaumunthu, yomwe imayambitsa dysplasia ya epithelium ya chiberekero ndi kuwonongeka kwa khansa. Kachilombo ka HIV kamapatsirana pogonana, ndipo kachilombo ka HIV kamapezeka ndi kugonana kosatetezeka. Kuopsa kwa kachilombo ka HIV kumawonjezereka ndi kuyamba kugonana, anthu ambiri ogonana ndi akazi okha, komanso ndi mwamuna kapena mkazi wake, amachepetsa ndi mwamuna kapena mkazi wawo yekha ndipo salipo kwa anamwali.

Zinthu zomwe zimapangitsa kuti maselo asawonongeke, matenda osokoneza bongo, matenda opatsirana aakulu a chiberekero, kuchepa kwaderalo kapena kuchepa kwachilombo, kuchitidwa opaleshoni pachibelekero.

Mitundu ya khansara ya chiberekero

Pali khansa yapachilombo yowopsya komanso yopanda mphamvu. Ngati khansara yoyamba ya chiberekero sichitha kupitirira epithelium, khansara yowonongeka imakula osati m'matumbo akuluakulu a chiberekero, komanso m'ziwalo zoyandikana, komanso zimagwiritsanso ntchito mitsempha ya m'mimba ndi ziwalo zakutali.

1. Khansara yowonongeka imagawidwa khansara yoyamba ya khansa yambiri yomwe imakhalapo m'mimba ya chiberekero (kapena 1a siteji yomwe imakhala yoopsa mpaka 3 mm).
2. Khansa yowopsya ya chiberekero imayambira kale ndi 1b siteji, pamene kuphulika kwa chotupacho chikupitirirabe kupitirira 3 mm.
3. Zitsanzo zina zonse za khansara zimaonedwa kuti ndi zosafunika: siteji yachiwiri pamene imalowa mkati mwa chiwalo choyandikana - chikazi cha pamwamba 2/3 kapena thupi la chiberekero kumbali imodzi.
4. Gawo lachitatu ndi kulowa mkati mwa vagina lonse kapena kusintha kwa khoma lachiuno
5. 4 gawo limodzi ndi kusintha kwa chikhodzodzo kapena kupitirira pamimba.

Malinga ndi maselo omwe ali ndi chotupa chachikulucho, amasiyanitsa pakati pa mitundu yosiyana ya khansa, yomwe iliyonse imakhala yovuta:

• squamous cell carcinoma ya chiberekero (kapena popanda katalatini, yaikulu kapena yaying'ono-yasungidwa);
• adenocarcinoma ;
• glandular squamous cell carcinoma;
• adenoid cystic carcinoma;
• khansara yosadetsedwa.

Kuchepetsa kusiyana kwa maselo a khansa, ndikovuta kwambiri kuti matendawa apitirire.

Malingana ndi mchitidwe wapadziko lonse wa kansa ya pachibelekero, khansara yoyamba ikufanana ndi siteji ya zero malinga ndi chiwerengero cha zachipatala ndi Tis molingana ndi dziko lonse lapansi. Microinvasive ikufanana ndi T1a, ndipo khansara yoopsa ndi mitsinje yonse yotsatirayi, pamene:

• T1b ndi khansara yokha kuwukira kwa chiberekero chokha;
• T2 - khansara imapita kupyola khosi lofanana ndi magawo awiri;
• T3 - khansara imadutsa pamakoma a pelvis kapena imakhala mukazi wonse, mogwirizana ndi magawo atatu;
• T4 ikufanana ndi magawo anayi malinga ndi zochitika zachipatala.

Matenda a mitsempha ya khansara yowonongeka

Koma mu mndandanda wa mayiko, N- metastases kupita ku ma lymph node zinawonjezeredwa:

• pamene N0 iwo alibe;
• pa N1 iwo amapezeka kokha m'majeremoni am'deralo;
• pa N2 - kumtunda.

Kuphatikizana ndi metastases ku maselo am'mimba m'mayiko osiyanasiyana, pali mayina a kutali kwa metastase - M, ali kapena ali - M1, kapena ayi - M0. Choncho, malingana ndi mayiko apadziko lonse, kuyambika kwa njira yowonongeka mu khansa ya pachibelekero ikhoza kuchitidwa motere: T1bN0M0.