Ngati wina adadzifunsa yekha yemwe ali, ndiye kuti anakumana ndi mawu awa poyesera kupeza ntchito kunja . Udindo wa "expat" kwa munthu amene akufuna kupeza ntchito kudziko lina akunenedwa kukhala wapamwamba kuposa odziwa "alendo" kwa ambiri.
Kodi expat ndi ndani?
Mawu akuti "expat" adachokera ku chilankhulo chimodzimodzi cha Chingerezi monga "alendo". Kusiyanitsa ndikuti munthu amene amachoka kudziko lakwawo amadzipereka yekha kuti apindule, ndipo munthu wochokera kunja akukakamizika kuchoka kudziko lake ndikugwira ntchito kudziko lina. Kawirikawiri mawu akuti "alendo" amagwiritsidwa ntchito poyitanidwa ndi kutengedwa ndi kutaya ufulu wa nzika.
Poyamba tanthawuzo la mawu oti "expat" ndi "alendo" anali pafupi kwambiri. Koma m'kupita kwa nthawi, chikhalidwe choyamba chinayamba kugwiritsidwa ntchito polankhula ndi maphunziro apamwamba ndi ntchito yabwino, kukhala ndi mwayi wopeza ntchito kunja kwina kuti apeze ndalama zambiri, komanso kubwerera kwawo. Kwa alendo, udindo wa "expat" ndi wovomerezeka kuposa "alendo". Amavomerezedwa kuti woyamba ndiye katswiri wodziwa bwino amene makampani ambiri akufuna, ndipo wachiwiri ndi munthu amene angakhoze kuwerengera ntchito zochepa chabe.
Mtsogoleri wa expat ndi wovomerezeka ndi luso komanso mawonekedwe apadera omwe sungapezekenso pakati pa ofunsira maudindo kuchokera ku malo okhalamo. Komabe, munthu wotere kuntchito akukumana ndi mavuto ambiri:
- Chilankhulo cha chilankhulo - ngakhale kudziwa chinenero pamlingo wapamwamba, pali mavuto ndi kumvetsetsa slang, mawu apadera;
- malingaliro - woimira dziko lina akhoza kuona kuti makhalidwe omwe anthu a m'dera lawo sawakonda, komanso mosiyana;
- zovuta za kulembedwa kwa mapepala onse - chifukwa ichi nthawi zambiri chimakhala chifukwa chokana ku malo abwino.
Tulutsani Ana
Pafupi nthawizonse munthu wotchuka ndi munthu wamng'ono, wofuna kutchuka. Ndipo palibe chachilendo mu dziko lachilendo iye ali ndi banja ndi ana. Kulongosola ana ndi mtundu wa chikhalidwe, wopangidwa kuchokera ku chisokonezo cha zikhalidwe za dziko lochokera ndi dziko lakwawo. Kawirikawiri ana a chikhalidwe chachitatu (monga iwo amatchedwa ana obadwa m'mabanja ogulitsa) amasonyeza zinthu ngati izi:
- kulankhulana momasuka ndi anthu ena, kudziwana nawo, kuphunzira zinenero zakunja bwino kwambiri;
- Pali mavuto ndi kudziwika, chifukwa Iwo sangadzione ngati wokhala m'dzikolo kapena okhala mmudzi.
Kodi kutuluka kwa dziko ndi chiyani?
Kuthamangitsidwa ndiko kuthamangitsidwa kwa munthu kuchokera kudziko lomwe lingakhale laling'ono kapena losatha. Mpaka pakati pa zaka za zana la makumi awiri, kuthamangitsidwa kwa anthu okhalamo kunkachitiridwa nkhanza ndi boma ndi ulamuliro wotsutsa. Pakali pano, dziko ladziko lingathe kuchitidwa mogwirizana ndi chifuniro cha munthu mwiniyo. Amayiko ambiri akumadzulo tsopano amapereka ufulu wochuluka kwa anthu ochoka kudziko lina. Mwachitsanzo, alendo ochokera ku France ali ndi ufulu wochita nawo chisankho cha pulezidenti. M'mayiko ena, mwachitsanzo - ku Saudi Arabia, alendo akukakamizika kukhala mosiyana ndi anthu amderalo.
Kutumiza ndi kuwonjezera
Mawu akuti "kutuluka" ndi "extradition" amawoneka ndi anthu ngati ofanana, koma izi si zoona. Pamene akuchotsa munthu, amachotsedwa kudziko popanda zotsatira zake. Kupititsa patsogolo ndi kuchotsedwa ndi boma la munthu amene akuimbidwa mlandu kapena wolakwa kale. Malinga ndi malamulo apadziko lonse, anthu okhawo amene achita zolakwa zazikulu amachotsedwa kwa nzika zawo kupita ku mayiko omwe samawotcha. N'kosaloledwa kutulutsa anthu omwe amapempha chitetezo cha ndale.
Mizinda yowonjezera
Sikuti mayiko onse amalandira nthumwi za mayiko ena, koma mwa ena, munthu wotumiza kapena wobwera angapeze ntchito yabwino popanda mavuto. Pano pali mndandanda wa midzi yochezeka kwambiri:
- Beijing . Ku likulu la dziko la China, akatswiri akunja akusangalala kulandira, mitengo yamakono ikufanana ndi yomwe ili ku Moscow, koma malipiro amakhalanso apamwamba.
- Bangkok . Likulu la Thailand limapereka mpata kwa munthu aliyense wochokera kunja kuti atsegule bizinesi, komabe makampani asanu ndi atatu apamtunda ayenera kugwira ntchito kwa mlendo wina.
- Vancouver . Canada ndi umodzi mwa mayiko osauka kwambiri, kumene akatswiri ambiri ochokera ku Russia ndi ku Ulaya atsala kale. Chifukwa cha kutchuka uku ndi pulogalamu yokongola yosamukira kwawo.
- Sydney . Australia imakopa akatswiri akunja, makamaka a zamalamulo ndi madokotala.
- Tokyo . Ku Japan, zofufuzira zidzatsegulira zambiri, makamaka pali zofuna za akatswiri a IT, otsatsa, mameneja. Vuto lokha ndilo lingaliro lapadera la anthu okhalamo.