Chizungu cha chiwindi ndi chimodzi mwa matenda osamvetsetseka komanso owopsya. Chaka chilichonse, chifukwa cha chiwindi cha chiwindi, anthu 2 miliyoni amamwalira. Matendawa ndi mtsogoleri mu chiwerengero cha anthu akufa, osati kuwerengera khansa. Mbiri ya chibwibwi cha chiwindi inayamba zaka za m'ma 1500. Kutchulidwa koyambirira kwa matendawa kumatchulidwa muzochita za Leonardo da Vinci.
Nanga chiwindi cha chiwindi ndi chiyani, ndipo zimayambitsa zotani? Matendawa amawononga chiwindi cha munthu m'kanthawi kochepa. Ndipotu, chilengedwe cha chiwindichi chimasandulika minofu yofiira. Maderawa a chiwindi sangathe kugwira ntchito bwino ndikusokoneza ntchito ya malo otsala. Choncho, zinthu zofunika kuti thupi laumunthu lisadziunjike ndipo zokolola zawo zasokonezeka. Pa nthawi yomweyi, thupi limachoka ku zinthu zoipa ndi zoopsa. Popeza chiwindi ndi fyuluta yaikulu ya thupi, ikagwira ntchito molakwika m'magazi, zinthu zomwe zimayipitsa thupi kulowa.
Chizindikiro cha chiwindi cha chiwindi ndi chachikulu kwambiri. Mitundu yambiri ndi iyi:
- uchidakwa wa chiwindi;
- cryptogenic cirrhosis;
- mankhwala osokoneza bongo;
- chizungulire chobadwa ndi maina;
- choyambirira cha biliary cirrhosis;
- primary sclerosing chlorangitis.
Zomwe zimayambitsa kuyambitsa ndi kukula kwa chiwindi cha chiwindi ndi matenda a hepatitis B ndi C, komanso mowa. Sayansi siinakhazikitse kuti kumwa mowa n'kofunika bwanji kuti chiwonetsero cha chiwindi chiwonekere. Koma anthu ambiri omwe akudwala matendawa anali kumwa mowa kwambiri. Kachilombo koyambitsa chiwindi ndi mtundu wambiri wa cirrhosis. Komanso, amayi, pofuna kukula kwa matendawa, amafunika kumwa mowa pang'ono ndi nthawi yochepa. Gome amalemba zinthu zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa.
Kuzindikira chiwindi cha chiwindi kumachitika pogwiritsa ntchito chiwindi. Komanso, wodwalayo ndi ultrasound ndipo akulimbikitsidwa kuti ayesedwe. Dokotala amayambitsa kukambirana ndi wodwala za kumwa mowa mwauchidakwa komanso zizindikiro za matenda a chiwindi.
Zizindikiro zoyamba za matendawa siziwoneka bwino ndipo, monga lamulo, panthawi imeneyi munthu samva kuti akufunikira chithandizo. Patapita kanthawi, zizindikiro zoyambirira za chiwindi cha chiwindi zimayamba kuonekera: ululu, kupweteka, kutopa kwambiri ndi kuphulika kwa mkodzo. Chizindikiro chosasangalatsa kwambiri cha chiwindikiro ndi ascites. Ascites amapezera madzi m'thupi, zomwe zimapweteka kwambiri.
Chithandizo cha chiwindi cha chiwindi chimayesetsa kupewa kwambiri kuwonongeka kwa malo abwino a thupi ili. Ngati chiwindi cha chiwindi chafika pamapeto pa chitukuko chake, ndiye madokotala amapereka chithandizo chapadera chothetsa mavuto, kapena kuikidwa kwa chiwalo chofunika kwambiri cha umunthu. Mulimonsemo, wodwalayo ali ndi matendawa ayenera kutsogolera moyo wathanzi. Musamwe mowa ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo, komanso mankhwala osokoneza bongo.
Pali mitundu yambiri yothetsera kuchiza chiwindi. Mafinya pa zitsamba, mankhwala a mandimu ndi adyo amatsimikiziridwa njira zomwe zafala. Pofuna kupeza zotsatira zabwino, mankhwalawa akhoza kuphatikizidwa ndi mankhwala a mankhwala. Odwala ambiri odwala matenda opatsirana amayamba kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ochiritsira, pamene madokotala akukonzeratu zovuta zokhudzana ndi kukula kwa chiwindi cha chiwindi.
Makamaka ayenera kulipidwa kwa zakudya m'chizunguko. Ndikofunika kudya zakudya zokhazokha komanso zathanzi zokwanira, zowonjezera kudya mavitamini ndi mchere. Kumbukirani kuti chakudya chopatsa thanzi ndi chimodzi mwa njira zoyenera zowonetsera.