Brugmansiya - kubzala ndi kusamalira, malamulo ofunika kulima

Ambiri kuti azikongoletsa nyumba zawo amasankha zomera zozizira zomwe zimafunidwa, koma kukongola kwawo kumapindulitsa chirichonse. Brugmansiya, kubzala ndi kusamalira zomwe zikuphatikizapo malamulo angapo ofunikira, ndi shrub yobiriwira nthawi zonse ndipo imatchuka chifukwa cha maluwa ake osadziwika.

Kodi kusokoneza bongo kumawoneka bwanji?

Pali zizindikiro zambiri zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pofotokoza maluwa awa:

1. Kutchire, zitsamba zimakula kufika mamita asanu, ndipo kunyumba, mitundu yochepa ya brugmansii imagwiritsidwa ntchito.
2. Masamba ndi aakulu ndipo amakhala ndi mawonekedwe a ovunda ndipo amachotsa mitsinje. M'kupita kwa nthawi, akhoza kufika mpaka 0,5 mamita.
3. Maluwawo ndi ofanana ndi a belu. Zimakhala zowonjezera komanso zazikulu, kotero kukula kwake kumatha kufika masentimita 20, ndi kutalika - mpaka masentimita 50. Malinga ndi masamba osiyanasiyana akhoza kujambula pansalu, wofiira, wachikasu, lalanje ndi mthunzi wa kirimu. Pali mitundu iwiri ndi itatu ya mtundu. Kununkhira kumatchulidwa ndipo makamaka kumakula ndi madzulo. Ambiri amakondwera pamene maluwa akuphuka, kotero kuti mukhoza kusangalala ndi kukongola ndi fungo la masamba chaka chotsatira mutabzala kuyambira July mpaka December.
4. Ndikofunika kuganizira kuti chitsamba ndi chakupha, choncho chiyenera kuikidwa bwino ndi kukonzedwa.

Pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya bruggmansia, yomwe imasiyana mosiyana kwambiri ndi maonekedwe a maluwa. Zina mwazofala kwambiri zomwe mungasankhe:

1. "Zopsa" . Maluwa amatha kutalika kwa masentimita 30, ndipo amajambula mu mthunzi woyera kapena wotumbululuka.
2. "Golden" . Kutalika kwa mbola kumakhalanso ndi masentimita 30, ndipo amakhala ndi kupindika kwakukulu. Pali mithunzi yonse yachikasu. Tsamba la tsambali ndi lopapatiza m'kalasiyi.
3. "Chipale Chofewa" . Mbalame ya Brugmansiya imatha kufika mamita atatu. Kutalika kwa maluwa ndi masentimita 25 ndipo ndi oyera. Masamba ndi owoneka bwino.
4. "Mwazi" . Mtundu uwu wa bruggmansia, kubzala ndi kusamalira zomwe zikuchitika malinga ndi malamulo omwe ali pansipa, ndi ozizira kwambiri. Mitengoyi imapangidwa mu chikasu, chachilanje ndi chofiira. Tiyenera kudziwika kuti fungo silili lolimba monga mitundu ina.
5. "Multicolored" . Pakati pa ena, mtunduwu umasiyana kwambiri ndi masamba aatali kwambiri, kotero amatha kufika mpaka mamita 0.5. Iwo amajambula mu mthunzi wa kirimu, koma ali ndi zaka, akhoza kukhala pichesi.

Kodi ndi bwino bwanji kubzala бругмансию?

Ndikofunika kusankha mphika wabwino womwe udzabzala ndikukula. Mungagwiritse ntchito mwala kapena kapulasitiki, koma m'chigawo chachiŵiri, pangani dzenje pansi kuti madzi owonjezera atuluke pa ulimi wothirira. Kuti mukhale bwino brugmansia, chodzala chiyenera kuchitika mu mphika waukulu, pamene mizu ikukula mofulumira.

Kubzala mbewu za brugmansii

Zomwe zimabzala ziyenera kukhala zatsopano. Ndikofunika kuganizira kuti mbewuzo ndi zowirira, kotero mphukira ziyenera kuyembekezera nthawi yayitali. Kukula brugmansiya wa mbewu kunyumba, kubwerera kumayendetsedwa molingana ndi malamulo otsatirawa:

1. Choyamba, bzalani zokololazo pogwiritsa ntchito kukula kokondweretsa . Pofuna kuthamangira njira yoberekera, tikulimbikitsanso kuti tizitha kubzala mbeu yoyamba.
2. Lembani nthaka bwinobwino ndikutsanulira. Kuzama kwa kubzala kwa mbeu ayenera kukhala 1 masentimita.
3. Kuti zimere brugmansia, kubzala ndi kusamalira ziyenera kuphatikizapo kuphimba chidebe ndi filimu kapena galasi kuti apange chikhalidwe cha kutentha. Pamene mphukira ikuwonekera, chotsani pogona. Kutaya katatu patsiku, koma dziwani kuti dothi sayenera kuyambitsidwa mwamphamvu.
4. Brugmansiya amakula mofulumira ndikukwera mumphika wina ayenera kuchitidwa, pambuyo pa tsamba lachisanu labwino.

Kodi kubzala brugmansiyu cuttings?

Mtundu uwu umakhala wamba, monga chomera chimakula mofulumira ndi maluwa chaka chomwecho. Pali malamulo momwe angabzala brugmansiyu cuttings:

1. Kuchokera kwa mayi shrub kudula mphukira, kutalika kwake komwe sikuyenera kukhala masentimita 20. Dulani ayenera kukhala apical cuttings ndi mapangidwe osakanikirana a masamba.
2. Muzu mu nthaka yokonzeka ndi yotetezedwa. Phimbani chidebecho ndi thumba kapena mtsuko. Mu masabata angapo, masamba ayenera kuonekera ndikuchotsa pogona.

Brugmansiya - akukula pakhomo

Chifukwa chopangira chodyera chofunika kwambiri ndi kuwala kwabwino komanso m'nyengo yozizira popanda kupanga kuwala koonjezera sikungathe kuchita. Kuwonjezera apo, ndizosafunika, choncho zimafuna dothi ndi mpweya wothira. Malangizo a momwe angamerekere brugmansiyu, amasonyeza kuti nthawi yachilimwe, mphika ukhoza kuikidwa pa khonde, koma ndibwino ngati ili kummawa kapena kumadzulo. Zokwanira pa chitukuko chabwino ndi kutentha kwa 13-26 °.

Dothi la brugmansii

Pofuna kukula maluwa amenewa, zimalimbikitsa kusankha gawo lokhala ndi michere, lomwe liyenera kuthiridwa kuti lilowetse chinyezi. Ndi bwino kukonzekera nokha nthaka, kotero kuti chodzala chikhoza kuchitika m'nthaka, chomwe chimaphatikizapo magawo awiri a peat ndi gawo la loam ndi humus. Kukonzekera kokonzeka kumalimbikitsidwa kuti athandizidwe ndi njira yofooka ya potaziyamu permanganate ya mankhwala ophera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Ngati palibe njira yopangira dothi, ndiye kuti brugmansiya ingabzalidwe mu sitolo, koma iyenera kuchepetsedwa ndi kompositi .

Kodi mungasamalire bwanji brugmansia?

Malamulo a kuthirira, kudulira ndi kutulutsa feteleza adzakambidwa pansipa, koma tiyeneranso kusamalira chisamaliro m'nyengo yozizira. Kumapeto kwa autumn, nyengo yonse ikuyamba, kotero muyenera kuchepetsa kutentha kwa mpweya kufika 7-12 ° C. Kuti "agone" brugmansiya, asamalire kusintha kwake, komwe kumaphatikizapo kuthirira kawirikawiri, koma kudyetsa sikuperekedwa kwathunthu. Osadandaula ngati chitsamba chimataya papepala, zimaoneka ngati zachilendo.

Manyowa a brugmansii

Pakulima feteleza zimapindula bwino, ndipo nkofunika kuzipanga nthawi, kuyambira kumayambiriro ndi kumapeto kwa chilimwe. Onjezerani fetereza tsiku lililonse masiku asanu ndi awiri. Kuchokera mu feteleza kumadalira mphamvu ndi nthawi yaitali. Ngakhale ngati zosamalidwa ndi kusamalira sizikhala zosiyana pa chaka, m'nyengo yozizira ndi kumapeto kwa autumn simukusowa kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala owonjezera. Zidakalipo kuti mudziwe zomwe zingameretse brugmansiyu, kuti muthe kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza ndi madzi olimba. Ndi bwino kusinthanitsa mchere ndi organic feteleza, kupatsa phosphorous-potaziyamu zowonjezera.

Brugmansia mu mphika - kuthirira

Nthaka yosalala ndilofunika kwambiri pa kukula ndi kukula kwa mbewu. Ngati dziko lapansi lidzauma, masamba ndi maluwa zidzagwa. Kuti bwino brugmansiya, kubzala ndi kusamalira m'chilimwe amatanthauza osati tsiku lililonse kuthirira, komanso kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa 2-3 pa tsiku. Panthawi zina, ulimi wothirira uyenera kuchitidwa pamene dothi la pamwamba liuma. Pofuna kukula bwino brugmansiya kunyumba, muyenera kudula kawiri m'nyengo yozizira. Pamene mabatire ali mkati, kumbukirani kuyang'anira chinyezi, chomwe sichiyenera kukhala pansi pa 75%.

Brugmansiya kusindikizidwa

Pamene chomera chikukula ndipo masamba akuyamba kuuma, kuziika mu chidebe chachikulu, mwinamwake mavuto angabwere. Poto yatsopano iyenera kukhala masentimita 5 kuposa wamkulu. Lembani tanki ndi kukhetsa gawo loyenera la gawo lapansi. Kuti mukule bwino maluwa a brugmannia musanasamuke ku malo atsopano, muyenera kuchotsa nthambi zing'onozing'ono kuti muthe kukonzanso chitsamba. Amangotsala pang'ono kuika chitsamba mumphika, kuwonjezera pa nthaka yonse ndikutsanulira bwino.

Brugmansiya - kudulira

Ngati mukufuna kuona momwe zomera zimakhalira, ndiye kuti chisamaliro chiyenera kuphatikizapo kudulira, zomwe zimayendetsedwa malinga ndi malamulo:

1. Njirayi iyenera kukhala mu February kapena kumayambiriro kwa March. Ngati nyembazo zisanayambe kukula, ndiye kuti kudulira koyamba kumachitika kokha pambuyo pa maluwa oyambirira.
2. Kudulira sikuyenera kugwira mapulagi ofanana ndi Y.
3. Pochita chisamaliro choyenera, maluwa a brugmannia ayenera kukhala ndi nthambi zazing'ono, zamtengo wapatali. Amaloledwa kufutukulidwa ndi 1/3 okha.
4. Kupanga kudulira kumachitika pokhapokha pofuna kuchepetsa kukula.

Brugmansiya - kubereka

Kuti mupeze chomera china, mungagwiritse ntchito njira zingapo:

1. Cuttings. Pa kudulira, pali nthambi zambiri zomwe zingakhale maziko okolola zokolola. Kudula brugmansii ndibwino kwambiri ndi nthambi zomwe ziri ndi mfundo ndi nthambi. Onetsetsani kudula masamba onse. Mapeto a odulidwawo akudazidwa ndi "Kornevin" ndipo amadzikweza mu nthaka yonyowa madzi kapena kuikidwa m'madzi. Pamene mizu ikuwoneka, yikani mu mphika wabwino.
2. Zigawo zazing'ono. Pochita izi, nkofunikira kutenga mphukira yabwino yomwe ili ndi mwana wazaka chimodzi, yomwe imapangidwira ngati mawonekedwe. Kuzama sikuyenera kukhala wamkulu kuposa thunthu. Fukuzani malo awa ndi "Kornevin" ndikukulunga ndi wet sphagnum . Ikani "manja" a polyethylene m'malo a odulidwa ndi kukanikiza ndi magulu otsekemera pamapeto onse. Ngati nthambi ikugwedeza, gwiritsani ntchito chithandizo. Nkofunika kuti moss nthawi zonse imame, ngati yowuma, kenaka gwiritsani ntchito sering'i kuti ikuchepetseni. Pambuyo pa miyezi 1-1.5. Kuwombera mizu kudzachitika ndipo iwe ukhoza kuyenda.
3. Mbewu. Kubzala mbewu sikunali kosiyana ndi zomera zina. Choyamba, aziwathandiza ndi kukula kokondweretsa. Brugmansiya idzakula mofulumira, kubzala ndi kusamalira zomwe zidzaphatikizepo njira zoterezi: malo ogonera ndi filimu, chifukwa chokhazikitsidwa, nthawi zonse kuthirira ndi kuyimba nthawi.

Matenda a brugmansii ndi chithandizo

Popanda chisamaliro chosayenera, mukhoza kuthana ndi tizirombo ndi matenda, zomwe muyenera kuchotsa mwamsanga mwamsanga kuti duwa lisamwalire.

1. Anthu omwe ali ndi chidwi ndi chifukwa chake masamba a brugmansii akuda, ayenera kudziwa kuti izi zimatha kuchitapo kanthu ndi kangaude wa kangaude . Kuonjezera apo, iwo adzafota ndi kupotoza. Chizindikiro choonekera ndi kukhalapo kwa intaneti. Kuti tichotse tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, tichite 3-4 mankhwala ndi acaricidal kukonzekera. Monga njira yowonetsera, zimalimbikitsa kutenga mphika kumlengalenga, ndipo ngati kutentha kuli kolimba, phulani chitsamba.
2. Brugmansiya, kutsika ndi kusamalira zomwe zikuchitika popanda kutsatira malamulo, zingakhudzidwe ndi mbolo yakuda kapena powdery mildew . Pachifukwa ichi, kuvala koyera kapena imvi kumawonekera pa masamba ndi masamba. Pochiza chithandizo, pangani mankhwalawo ndi fungicide. Chiwerengero cha mankhwala amasankhidwa malinga ndi kuchuluka kwa kuwonongeka, koma ayenera kukhala osachepera awiri.
3. Pamene kuthirira mowa kwambiri ndi kupuma kwa madzi kumayambitsa mizu yovunda. Pofuna kuthana ndi matendawa, m'pofunika kuchotsa mizu yomwe imakhudzidwa ndi kuchitira maluwa ndi mankhwala a fungicidal.