Mapampu amwetsa munda - ndibwino kuti musankhe?

Pakumera masamba, mapampu amwetsa munda nthawi zonse ndi ofunikira. Mukhoza kugula malo ndi nthaka yachonde, mbewu zabwino, kukula mbande zabwino, koma pakubwera kwa chilala maluwa amasanduka chipululu. Njira yokha yosonkhanitsira madzi idzasungira zokolola, kupulumutsa mwini wake ku ulimi wothirira mabedi pamanja.

Mapampu okutirira kwa munda, ndi chiyani?

Zida zomwera madzi m'munda tsopano zimakhala zosavuta kupeza, pali mapompo osiyanasiyana omwe amasiyana ndi mapangidwe apamwamba kapena mphamvu. Kusankhidwa kwa zipangizo zoyenera kumadalira zizindikiro zingapo - mtundu wa madzi, mlingo wa kuipitsidwa kwa madzi omwe akugwiritsidwa ntchito, kuya kwa madzi, mtunda kuchokera pa chitsime mpaka pabedi, nthawi ya ntchito. Pampopu yamadzi yosasankhidwa bwino yosamalira mundayo idzalephera mwamsanga kapena kupanga mutu wofunikira.

Mmene mungasankhire mapampu kuti mukamwe madzi m'munda:

1. Njira yoyamba yopangira mpweya wa mtundu uliwonse ndi mphamvu (Q) ya makina omwe angagulidwe. Timatenga malo a bedi ndikulikulitsa ndi madzi okwanira 1 m ² , kupeza madzi okwanira m'munda wathu tsiku limodzi. Mwachitsanzo, pali chiwembu cha mamita 100, tikufuna kutsanulira 1 m ² mpaka 5 l, ndikugwira ntchito yonse mu ola limodzi. Ndi ziwerengero zosavuta timapeza zokolola zofunikila za pomp pofuna kuthirira munda: 100x5 = 500 l / h.
2. Chotsatira chofunika kwambiri ndizovuta. Mwachitsanzo, kutalika kwa chitsime ndi mamita 10 ndipo mtunda wa bedi ndi mamita 50. Kutalika kwa mzere waukulu ndi mamita 60, kuchulukana ndi 0.2 ndikukhala osachepera mamita 12. Chitani zotsatirazi ndi kuya kwachitsime: 12 + 10 = 22 m Add 10 m kuonetsetsa kuti mapampu okutirira m'munda amapatsa madzi popanda kuwonjezera. Mutu woyenera kwambiri pa chitsanzo chathu: 10 + 22 = 32 mamita. Timasankha chipangizo, chomwe chili ndi chizindikiro cha pasipoti chokwera kuposa chiwerengero chimodzi. Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti pamapampu amatha kupatsa madzi nthawi zambiri kusiyana ndi kuya kwa chitsime.

Mapampu amadzimadzi okwanira m'munda

Kusankhidwa kwa mpope kwa malo a chilimwe ndi munda wa khitchini sikudalira nthawi zonse chilakolako chathu, nthawi zambiri mmalo mwa mapampu amtundu wodula timayenera kugwiritsa ntchito zida zakuya zakuya. Mapampu amadzimadzi okwanira m'munda ndikuthamanga, centrifugal ndi kupukuta zipangizo zakuya zomwe zimagwira pansi pa madzi. N'zotheka kuwawerengera monga mapampu a ngalande ndi nyumba zopanda madzi. Kawirikawiri amaikidwa mkati mwachindunji nyengo yonseyi, chifukwa nyengo yozizira ikadula madzi akutha.

Mpweya wa Centrifugal wothirira munda

Kugawidwa mu moyo wa tsiku ndi tsiku, mapampu okwezera a centrifugal m'munda amapereka madzi mothandizidwa ndi mphamvu yonyamula yokha yomwe imapangidwira. Zili pamtunda ndi phokoso lazitsulo, zopingasa ndi zowoneka. Zithunzi zamatsenga ndi zamphamvu kwambiri ndipo zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta. Zipangizo za Centrifugal ndizovuta komanso zopambana kuposa ochita mpikisano, zimagwira ntchito bwino m'madzi abwino kuchokera pachitsime, koma salola kuti madzi azikhalapo ndi kukhalapo kwa zinthu zosafunika. Zida zotalika kwambiri zimapangidwa ndi chitsulo chosungunuka kapena chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri.

Pukuta mapampu kuti amwe madzi

Pukuta mapampu a m'munda ndi dacha akuwongolera zipangizo zomwe zapangidwa kugwira ntchito m'mitsitsi. Madzi sakuperekedwa ndi impellers, koma ndi mawonekedwe. Zipangizozi ndi zotchipa kusiyana ndi mapampu, okhala ndi zosavuta kupanga, amatha kugwira ntchito ndi madzi otentha, omwe ali ndi zosafunika zochepa. Augers angapange mphamvu yabwino pa zokolola zochepa, choncho ali oyenera zitsime zochepa.

Kuthamanga pampu kwa kuthirira munda

Zigawo za mtundu umenewu ndizozitchuka chifukwa cha zomangamanga zosavuta, zomangamanga komanso mitengo ya demokarasi. Pa kukula kwakukulu, mapampu okutirira ulimi wothirira m'munda amapereka mutu wabwino wa madzi, akuchita zonse zomwe akugwiritsa ntchito. Ndi zifukwa zonse zopanda kukayikira za zidazi, pali zovuta zina:

• Mapampu othamanga amapanga phokoso lambiri,
• iwo alibe mafayili awoawo,
• Kuthamanga nthawi zambiri kumabweretsa kutsitsimula kwachitsulo kwa ziboliboli,
• Zida zimenezi sizowonjezera mphamvu zopezekapo ndi kuya kwakukulu,
• Kuthamangitsidwa kumawathandiza kuti pang'onopang'ono kusungidwa kwa magwero kukumbidwa mu nthaka yamchenga.

Mpweya wa mafuta ku kuthirira munda

Kuwonjezera pa zipangizo zamagetsi m'madera akumidzi, pampu ya petrol imagwiritsidwa ntchito kulimirira munda kuchokera ku mtsinje kapena zipangizo zomwe zimakhala ndi galimoto ya dizilo. Zida zamtundu uwu ndizoyenera kwa alimi, omwe ali ndi chitsime kapena malo abwino omwe sali ndi magetsi. Mapampu a dizi ndi amphamvu ndipo amawotcha ndalama zocheperapo mafuta, koma mpikisano wawo ali ndi ubwino wofunikira. Pampu ya mafuta nthawi zonse imakhala yogwirizana kwambiri, yowala, yotsika mtengo yokonzanso ndi kugula.

Pampu iti ndi yabwino kuthirira munda?

Kusamalira zomera, ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito madzi kuchokera mumtsinje, dziwe lodzaza ndi gombe pasadakhale. Madzi omwe ali ndi kutentha pansi pa chilengedwe chozungulira, amachititsa chitukuko cha matenda ndi imfa ya mizu ya pena. Musanagule zipangizo ndi zofunika kuti mumvetse bwino funso lomwe pampu imasankha kuthirira m'munda. Kugwira ntchito ndi mipiringidzo, zitsime, zachilengedwe ndi zida zapangidwe, bwino kwambiri, zimasiyanasiyana m'maonekedwe ena.

Mapampu kuti amwe madzi m'munda

Mukamagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu yaikulu, pangakhale zosiyana. Ngati muli ndi chitsime chapafupi, ndiye kuti timadzaza mbiya yoyamba kuchokera pachitsime ndi pope lakuya lakuya, kulola madzi kukhala ndi kutentha padzuwa. Kenaka, timagwiritsa ntchito mpopu pamwamba pa munda , kutulutsa madzi kuchokera mu mbiya kudzera mu phula kapena kugwiritsa ntchito madzi apadera. Ngati chitsime chili pafupi ndi munda, mbiya iyenera kudzazidwa ndi sitima yamagalimoto pogwiritsa ntchito galimoto yomwe ili pakatikati.

Madzi akuthirira munda kuchokera ku dziwe

Kuchokera ku dziwe kapena mtsinje wapafupi, madzi amatha kupopedwa mosavuta ndi mapulogalamu apamwamba pamtunda ndi kuponyera phula lakumwera mu dziwe. Udindo wofunikira umasewera ndi madzi oyera. Ndi zosalala zambiri, fyuluta sungapewe, mwinamwake zidutswa za matope zingaletse pipeline kapena mkati mwa zipangizozo. Mu funso la momwe mungasankhire pomp kuti mukamwe madzi m'munda, makamuwo nthawi zambiri amasankha zipangizo zamakina. Amatha kugwira ntchito ndi tizigawo ting'onoting'onoting'ono tomwe timakhala tambirimbiri tomwe tinkasungunuka, komanso timakhala ndi katundu wolemetsa kwambiri.

Mapampu kuti amwe madzi m'munda

Mapampu abwino okwanirira munda amasankhidwa kulingalira zakuya kwa chitsime. Pakati pa mamita 10, kuthamanga kwapopu kapena kupopera kwapadera komwe kwaikidwa mkati mwa dzenje kumatha kukhazikika. Ngati madzi apansi ali pamtunda waukulu, simungathe kuchita popanda zipangizo zapadera. Zipangizo zodula zimagwira mpaka mamita 40, mapampu amphamvu kwambiri apakhomo amatha kukweza madzi kuchokera ku kuya mamita 300. Ndibwino kuti musawaike pafupi ndi mamita 1 kuchokera pansi, kuti mchenga ndi dongo zisamangidwe mukamayamwa.