Musanayambe kutenga nkhaniyi, ndikulimbikitseni kutsatira malamulo otsatirawa:
- musadye, kumwa kapena kusakaniza mano kwa maola awiri;
- kuyeretsa ndime za nasal ku mucus accumulation.
Kulephera kutsata ndondomekoyi musanayambe kumwa mankhwala osungunuka kuchokera ku pharynx ndi mphuno ku microflora kungayambitse zotsatira zosakhulupirika za kusanthula.
Ndondomeko yotenga smear kuchokera pakamwa
Smears amatengedwa mosiyana ndi pharynx ndi mphuno pogwiritsira ntchito zingwe zopanda ulusi ndi swab ya ubweya. Zipangizozi zimachokera ku pharynx pogwiritsira ntchito spatula yopanda mphamvu yokopa mizu ya lilime. Mzere wosabala umapangidwa pamapiri a palatine, matani, ndi khoma lakumbuyo la pharynx. Pankhaniyi, m'pofunika kuchotsa kukhudza kwake kwa lilime, mano ndi makoma a m'kamwa.
Mu labotale, nkhani yosankhidwa imafesedwa ku zakudya zamtundu uliwonse. Ngati smear yomwe imapezeka pammero imatengedwa kuti izindikire khungu la diphtheria, ndiye kuti mbewuyo imapangidwa ndi agar. Pankhani ya mabakiteriya omwe amafufuza kuti apeze kachilombo ka HIV, nkhaniyo imatengedwa kawiri ndipo imayikidwa muyeso yamatope ndi msuzi, komanso pamatope. Zipangizo za galasi zimayang'aniridwa ndi microscope, ndipo zinthu zomwe zimachokera mu chubu zimayikidwa pa zowonjezera zamtundu wina tsiku lina (Saburo sing'anga, magazi ndi chokoleti agar, etc.).
Zotsatira za smear kuchokera ku pharynx
Taganizirani zomwe smear ya pharynx imasonyeza. Kawirikawiri, microflora ya pharynx ili ndi epidermal staphylococcus, green streptococcus, nambala ya Candida bowa, ndi Neisseria yopanda matenda ndi pneumococci.
Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda zomwe zingathe kuzindikirika tikamapenda smear pa microflora pammero:
- β-hemolytic streptococcus ya gulu A;
- chowopsa cha pertussis;
- wothandizira mankhwala a diphtheria ndi bacillus a Leffler;
- bowa Candida albikans, ndi zina zotero.
Smear kuchokera ku pharynx pa streptococcus imasankhidwa chifukwa chodziwika kuti chibayo, chilonda cha throat, pharyngitis, etc. Streptococci amachititsa kuti matenda ambiri aumunthu akhale a gulu A (pyogenic).
Matenda a streptococcal amapezeka nthawi zambiri. Streptococcal angina ikhoza kuchitika m'mawonekedwe aakulu ndi kutentha kwapamwamba, ndi wofatsa, wosakaniza. Mufiira lofiira, pali zizindikiro za angina, zomwe zikuphatikizidwa ndi kutupa khungu.
Mankhwalawa amachotsedwa pamatenda otsika kuti asatuluke kapena kutsimikizira kuti matendawa ndi ovuta. Mitundu ya eosinophil ndi mtundu wa leukocyte umene umagwira nawo ntchito zowonongeka.
Nthendayi yochokera ku fauce kupita ku bowa imaphatikizapo kupezeka kwa matenda monga agranulocytosis, mphumu ndi chiwopsezo cha mankhwala osokoneza bongo, ndi zina zotero.
Msuzi wochokera ku pharynx pa staphylococcus amachitidwa kuti apeze matenda a staphylococcal.
Staphylococcus imatchulidwa ngati tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, kutanthauza kuti ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda omwe amachititsa matenda pokhapokha pazifukwa zina (kuchepetsa kuteteza chitetezo, kuchepa kwa mavitamini, hypothermia). Pafupifupi matenda onse okhudza staphylococcus amatanthauza
Mabakiteriya a Staphylococcus amafalitsidwa ndi madontho amadzimadzi, komanso kugwira kanthu kena kachilomboka, munthu kapena chakudya. Staphylococcus aureus imakhala yolimba kwambiri kumalo akunja, ndipo chithandizo cha matenda a staphylococcal ndi njira yovuta kwambiri, tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timayambitsa matenda osokoneza bongo. Choncho, kutsimikizirika kosavuta kuwonetsetsa kuti mankhwalawa amachokera pa staphylococcus kuti azindikire kuti izi ndi mankhwala ena kuti athe kuchiritsidwa.