Kujambula ndi imodzi mwa mitundu yomwe mumaikonda kwambiri ya ana. Ana amatenga burashi molawirira kwambiri, mu zaka 1-2, ndipo mosangalala amasamutsa malingaliro awo pa pepala. Pokhala achikulire, iwo akukoka kale chinachake chachitsulo, kuyesetsa kufanana mofanana ndi choyambirira.
Kawirikawiri penti yoyamba imene mwanayo amadziwana ndi madzi kapena gouache. Iwo ndi osiyana ndi awo, ndipo musanayambe kuphunzitsa mwana wanu kujambula, makolo ayenera kudzidziwitsa okha ndi zofunikira za mitundu iyi. Mwachitsanzo, zotupa zamadzi zimasiyana ndi ena poyera komanso momasuka, zomwe zimagwirizanitsa ndi zojambulajambula. Ichi ndi chifukwa chake kujambula madzi ambiri kumakhala kovuta kwambiri: zofooka zonse zimangowoneka pachithunzichi.
Kodi mungasankhe bwanji koti?
Kuti mugule pepala lapamwamba, samverani mfundo zotsatirazi.
- Madzi otsekemera amatha kukhala owuma, mu cuvettes ndi m'machubu. Sankhani pepa kuganizira zaka ndi luso la mwanayo. Mwachitsanzo, kujambula m'machubu n'kosavuta kusakaniza, koma kwa ojambula osadziŵa zambiri ntchito yake ndi yaikulu kwambiri. Kwa ana a sukulu, utoto wa cuvettes ndi wabwino, koma onetsetsani kuti mukuphunzitsa mwanayo kutsuka shashi pamaso pa mtundu uliwonse wa mtundu watsopano.
- Mitengo ya pulasitiki ya "sukulu" ndi yoyenera kukopera pa masewera a masewera. Ngati mwana wanu akukhazikitsa cholinga chophunzira mwaluso masewera olimbitsa thupi, mum'gulireni pepala labwino. Ubwino wawo ndi wapamwamba kwambiri, ndipo sangamupatse mwanayo kuti azisaka zojambulajambula chifukwa cha chithunzichi, chowonongeka ndi utoto "wozungulira" kapena wofiira kwambiri.
- Musaganize kuti mthunzi wambiri wotsekemera mumakhala, bwino. Kwenikweni, amagwiritsidwa ntchito mitundu khumi, yomwe, pophatikizana pamodzi, imapereka mithunzi yambiri, ndipo kupezeka kwa mitundu yambiri pa piritsi yomwe siidagwiritsidwe ntchito sizowopsya.
Komanso musaiwale za maburashi okwirira: ayenera kukhala ofewetsa (ma poni, squirrel) ndi khalidwe labwino. Tengani maburashi muzithunzi zosiyana: zazikulu zingakhale zothandiza pophimba mbali zazikulu za utoto, mwachitsanzo, pojambula maziko, maburashi apakatikati a ntchito yaikulu, ndi thinnest ndi lakuthwa kwambiri pojambula zinthu zing'onozing'ono.
Pepala likuphatikizanso mbali yofunikira pakujambula. Ngati mukufuna kuti zithunzizo zikhale zamoyo komanso zowonjezera, ndipo pepala silingagwiritsidwe ntchito, gwiritsani ntchito pepala lapadera la madzi. Ndizowonjezereka kwambiri kuposa mapepala amtundu uliwonse, ali ndi mpumulo weniweni ndipo amamwa chinyezi bwino. Pepala lakoti imatha kukhala yoyera komanso yoyera.
Kodi kujambula bwino ndi molondola ndi zotupa?
Kuti mudziwe momwe mungakokere, muyenera kuphunzira popanga njira zosiyanasiyana zojambula. Nazi mfundo zazikulu zomwe mukuyenera kuzidziwa.
1. Poyambirira, pepala lokhala ndi madziwa liyenera kuthiridwa ndi kulimbikitsidwa, kukulumikiza mabatani a piritsi kuti lisagwedezeke panthawi yojambula.
2. Momwe mungamangireko madzi? Sakanizani pepala pang'ono ndi madzi pa piritsi. Ngati mtunduwo uli wolimba kwambiri kusiyana ndi kufunikira, onjezerani madzi pang'ono mpaka mutayang'ana poyera. Kumbukirani kuti atatha kuyanika, madzi amadziwika bwino.
3. Kodi mungasakanize bwanji zotukira madzi? Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kudziwa zofunikira za makalata: mitundu itatu yapadera imapanga mitundu itatu yowonjezera, yomwe imapangidwanso mithunzi. Fotokozerani kwa mwanayo kuti akasakaniza utoto wofiira ndi buluu, adzalandira mtundu wofiirira, ndi zina zotero.
4. Ndi njira ziti zamagalimoto?
- kutsuka (mapepala ogwirizana a pepala, omwe maziko ake amapangidwa-kumwamba, udzu, msewu, madzi, etc.);
- Kutambasulika (kuchokera ku mtundu wolimba kwambiri, wowala, kukhala woyera);
- Njira yowuma imatha kuyanika kwa gawo lina lililonse musanagwiritse ntchito lotsatira;
- Njira "yonyowa" ndiyo kuti utoto umagwiritsidwa ntchito kwa
mapepala omwe anali ataphimbidwa kale, akupereka kusintha kosavuta ndi kodabwitsa.
5. Kodi mungachotse bwanji mapulogalamu a madzi pa pepala? Izi zimakhala zosavuta kuchita mpaka utoto utayuma: wiritsani kunja kwa burashi kuti ukhale wouma, ndikuwudula mu utoto wa pepala umene uyenera kuchotsedwa, pang'onopang'ono "uponye" izo. Kufafaniza zouma madzi akuvuta kwambiri, ndipo ziyenera kuchitidwa ndi burashi yonyowa. Samalani kuti musawononge pepala. Kugwira ntchito ndi madzi otentha kumatanthawuza zochepa zolakwika chifukwa ndi zovuta kuchotsa zikwapu zolakwika. Kuwonjezera apo, kumbukirani kuti palibe phokoso loyera, kotero malo omwe ali pachithunzi omwe ayenera kukhala oyera sayenera kujambula pachiyambi.