Chifukwa cha ziwalo za thupi kapena zinthu zosiyanasiyana zovulaza m'mayendedwe a mphuno, njira yotupa yotentha imatha. Izi zimakhala zovuta kwambiri chifukwa zimakhala zosiyana siyana. Zonsezi zilipo mitundu 4 ya kutupa kwa pang'onopang'ono kwa uchimo wamtambo: catarrhal, hypertrophic, vasomotor ndi mtundu wa atrophic.
Zizindikiro za matenda aakulu a akuluakulu
Ganizirani zizindikiro za matendawa motsatira ndondomeko yake:
1. Catarrhal rhinitis:
- njira ina yosokoneza khungu limodzi;
- Mucous, nthawizina ndi pus, kuchotsedwa ku sinus;
- chinyezi ndi ubweya wa m'mimba mkati;
- adapuma kupuma, komwe kumabwezeretsedwa pamene malo a thupi amasintha.
2. Hypertrophic rhinitis:
- kuchepetsa kununkhiza;
- Kusokonezeka kwakukulu kwa minofu;
- mutu;
- kumva;
- mawu amkati.
3. Vasomotor rhinitis:
- kusokoneza;
- nyengo yowonjezereka;
- kusokoneza kupuma kwa pakhosi;
- kudula;
- serous ndi mucous flow from mphuno.
4. Atrophic rhinitis:
- fungo lofooka kapena lopanda;
- kuyabwa ndi kuyanika mu mphuno ;
- kupanga mapangidwe a mucous membrane wa crusts youma;
- zonunkhira, zofukiza zonunkhira kuchokera m'mphuno;
- kuwonjezereka kwa kupuma kwa pakhosi;
- kuperewera kwa magazi nthawi ndi nthawi;
- kumverera kovuta kwa mucous nembanemba mkati.
Chithandizo cha zizindikiro za matenda aakulu a akuluakulu
Thandizo lachikhalidwe la matenda omwe adatchulidwa limadalanso ndi zosiyanasiyana.
Pochita chithandizo cha catarrhal rhinitis, choyamba chofunika kuthetsa zinthu zonse zomwe zimayambitsa, komanso kuyambitsa mankhwala oletsa kupweteka. Mukhoza kuchotsa zizindikiro za matendawa ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo komanso ozunguza bongo. Otolaryngologists amalembedwa kuti:
1. Zothetsera:
- Collargol;
- zitsulo sulfate;
- Protargol.
2. Madontho ndi sprays:
- Zojambula;
- Isophra.
3. mafuta odzola:
- salicylic;
- Bactroban;
- sulfanilamide.
4. Physiotherapy:
- UHF;
- chubu-quartz;
- electrophoresis.
Ndi hypertrophied mucous nembanemba, mankhwalawa akuwotcha minofu yambiri. Chifukwa cha ichi, madzi amchere (cryodestruction) kapena trichloroacetic acid amagwiritsidwa ntchito.
Kuchiza kwa kutupa kwa nyengo kumachitika mwanjira yovuta, kuganizira zolemba za wotsutsa. Chithandizo cha matenda aakulu a vasomotor rhinitis mwa anthu akuluakulu ndi mankhwala oterowo:
1. Antihistamines:
- Loratadine;
- Zirtek;
- Claritin;
- Allergodyl.
2. Vasoconstrictors:
- Halazolin;
- Phokoso;
- Xylometazoline;
- Tysin.
Komanso, njira yeniyeni yowateteza ku chitetezo cha thupi imathandizira pansi pa kuyang'anira katswiri.
Pa mankhwala a atrophic rhinitis, mankhwala otsatirawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito:
1. Kusamba njira:
- soda;
- hydrogen peroxide;
- Dioxydin;
- potassium permanganate;
- saline.
2. Madontho:
- Aquamaris;
- Mzimayi;
- Akvalor.
3. mafuta odzola:
- chovala cha synthomycin;
- Mafuta Vishnevsky.
4. Zakudya zamadzimadzi:
- iodini-glycerol;
- Chodziwitsira;
- Metacil.
Ndikofunika kukumbukira kuti kusankhidwa kulikonse kuyenera kupangidwa ndi otolaryngologist.
Kuchiza kwa matenda aakulu kwa akuluakulu ndi mankhwala ochiritsira
Njira zochiritsira zosagwiritsira ntchito mankhwala amatha kuchepetsa kuopsa kwa zizindikiro zosasangalatsa, koma monga monotherapy zomwe sizili zoyenera, chifukwa sizimakhudza zomwe zimayambitsa vutoli.
Pofuna kutulutsa mpweya wa nasal ndi kuchotsa kutupa kwa zitsulo, zitsamba ndi mafinya a zomera zotsatirazi zimathandiza:
- timbewu;
- chodabwitsa;
- viburnum;
- ledum;
- licorice.
Njira za zitsambazi sizimangotengedwera mkati, koma ndi chithandizo chawo kusamba zitsulo.
Pochiza atrophic rhinitis, mafuta oterowo ndi othandiza:
- galu adawuka;
- chombo;
- chiwonetsero;
- nyanja buckthorn;
- propolisi;
- chimanga.