Matenda a mtima wa Ischemic - onse omwe amachititsa matendawa komanso mankhwala abwino kwambiri

Ntchito yodalirika ya myocardium imaperekedwa ndi mpweya, womwe umabwera ndi magazi kudzera m'mitsempha yamakono. Ngati zowonongeka, kubereka kwachilengedwe kumapweteka kwambiri ndipo ischemia ikukula. Popanda magazi okwanira, minofu imakhala yofooka kapena atrophies.

Matenda achischemic - amachititsa

Matenda omwe amawaganizira amachokera ku matenda a atherosclerosis a mitsempha yamakono ya madigiri osiyanasiyana. Chizindikiro cha mitsempha ya magazi chikhoza kuchepetsedwa pang'ono chifukwa chokhala ndi cholesterol kapena choletsedwa kwathunthu. Malinga ndi chikhalidwe cha matenda otchedwa atherosclerotic lesion, zifukwa zina za matenda a mtima (coronary heart disease) ndizowonjezera:

• kupuma kwa mitsempha yamakono;
• thromboembolism;
• cardiospasm;
• Kutsekedwa kwa zida zowonongeka.

Matenda a Ischemic - magulu

Matendawa ali ovuta komanso ovuta. Malingana ndi chikhalidwe chake ndi kuuma kwa zizindikiro, pali mitundu yambiri ya matenda a mtima ischemic:

• angina pectoris;
• kupweteka kwa myocardial ndi postinfarction cardiosclerosis;
• imfa;
• zopweteka kapena osalankhula.

Ischemic matenda a mtima - angina

Mtundu wofotokozera wa mtunduwu umagawidwa m'magulu angapo motsatira zifukwa zomwe zimapweteka. Matenda a mtima omwe amatha kukhala ndi matenda a mtima amasonyeza kuti angina (maganizo) amatha. Iwo amasiyanitsidwa mu masukulu 4 ogwira ntchito molimbika (I-IV). Zisonyezo za angina izi zimayambira chifukwa cha kupsinjika maganizo kapena kuthupi.

Matenda a mtima wa Ischemic a mtundu wosakhazikika umachitika:

• kupitiliza;
• choyamba chinawonekera;
• choyamba;
• postinfarction.

Mitundu ina ya angina pectoris:

• vasospastic;
• mosakhalitsa;
• zosiyana (stenocardia ya Prinzmetal).

Kawirikawiri, kuzunzika kowawa kumakhala kovuta ndi arrhythmia. Amaonedwa kuti ndi chikhalidwe chofanana ndi angina okhazikika komanso mwachangu. Arrhythmia imagwirizanitsa mawonetseredwe a chipatala cha kumbuyo kwa mtima ventricular kulephera:

• mpweya wochepa;
• mphumu;
• kutupa kwa mapapo.

Matenda a mtima wa Ischemic - matenda a myocardial infarction

Matenda amtunduwu akhoza kukhala aakulu komanso ochepa kwambiri, malinga ndi kukula kwake kwa mitsempha ya minofu. Matenda a mtima a ischemic kapena matenda a mtima amafunika kuwatumiza kuchipatala mwamsanga, popanda mavuto aakulu, kuphatikizapo imfa, kukula. Imodzi mwa zotsatira zofala kwambiri za kuukira koteroko ndi matenda a cardiosclerosis (kusowa kwa myocardium). Iye amapezeka pafupifupi 2 miyezi pambuyo pa chiphuphu.

IHD - imfa yomwalira mwadzidzidzi

Mkhalidwe wosayembekezereka, womwe ukuyenera kuti ukwiyitse kusagwedera kwa magetsi kwa kachipatala. Ngati matenda a mtima wodwala amachititsa imfa kapena kufa kamodzi mwa maola asanu ndi limodzi pambuyo pa chiwonongeko, imfa yadzidzidzi imapezeka. Muzinthu zina, chifukwa cha vutoli chingagwiritse ntchito mankhwala enaake a myocardium - infarction, cardiosclerosis kapena zovuta angina pectoris.

Mtundu wopanda ubongo wa matenda a mtima ischemic

Matendawa samayambitsa zizindikiro ndi zodandaula zilibe. Zili zovuta kuzizindikira kusiyana ndi zomwe zili pamwambapa za IHD, kotero matendawa amayamba pang'onopang'ono ndipo nthawi zambiri amawopsa. Ndikofunika kukachezera katswiri wa zamoyo nthawi zonse kuti athe kupewa. Matenda osadziwika a ischemic ndi matenda osokoneza bongo omwe amapezeka mwachangu ngakhale achinyamata. Popanda chithandizo, zimatha kupha mwadzidzidzi.

Zowopsa za matenda a mtima wamtima

Pali zochitika zina zomwe zimayambira pakuonekera kwa matendawa. Kukula kwa matenda a mtima ischemic kumayambitsidwa ndi zinthu zotsatirazi:

• chibadwa;
• ukalamba;
• mwamuna;
• matenda owopsa ;
• shuga;
• dyslipidemia;
• kunenepa kwambiri;
• kutayirira kwa chiwindi;
• kuthamanga kwa atherosclerosis.

Matenda a mtima wa Coronary amapezeka mwa anthu omwe ali ndi moyo wathanzi. Zimapezeka motsutsana ndi mbiri:

• kusuta;
• zakudya zopanda nzeru;
• kumwa;
• chithandizo;
• osati kusunga ntchito ndikupuma.

Matenda a Ischemic - zizindikiro

Chizindikiro chodziwika bwino cha matenda omwe alipo ndi matenda omwe amachititsa kuti azivutika kwambiri. Zizindikiro zotsalira za matenda a mtima wamtunduwu sizowona, choncho sizimagwirizana nthawi zonse ndi matenda omwe akufotokozedwa. Ndilibe vuto lopweteka, madandaulo salipo, ndipo chikhalidwe cha umunthu chimakhala chachilendo kwa nthawi yaitali. Zizindikiro zina za matenda a ischemic:

• kupuma pang'ono, makamaka ndi kuyesetsa;
• kufooka;
• kumverera kwa zopanda pake mu ntchito ya mtima, kuphwanya chikhalidwe chake;
• chizungulire ndi mseru;
• kutukumula kumapeto kwenikweni;
• thukuta;
• Kutaya kapena kudzikuta kwa chidziwitso.

Ululu wa matenda a ischemic

Matenda omwe amawafotokozera amaphatikizidwa ndi mavuto osati m'chigawo cha chifuwa chabe. Kawirikawiri matenda a ischemic amachititsa matenda opweteka m'madera ena a thupi:

• dzanja, makamaka lamanzere;
• mmbuyo;
• nsagwada;
• phazi;
• scapula.

Zosangalatsa zosasangalatsa zingakhale ndi khalidwe lililonse (kuboola, kukoka kapena kukanikiza). Poyamba, kupweteka sikukhalitsa, kwa masekondi angapo, kenako kumadutsa. Pang'onopang'ono, matenda a mtima amayamba, ndipo madera ambiri a galimotoyo amawonongeka. Izi zimayambitsa kugwidwa kwa nthawi yaitali, pamene chizindikiro chomwe chilipo chikuwonjezeka.

Kuzindikira matenda a mtima wodwala

Pa phwando, katswiri wa zamoyo amasonkhanitsa mosamala an anamnesis. Ndikofunikira kukhazikitsa chikhalidwe ndi nthawi ya matenda opweteka, chiyanjano chake ndi kuyesayesa mwakuthupi komanso kuthekera kokapaka ndi nitroglycerin kukonzekera. Pomwe akufufuza, adokotala amapeza zizindikiro za matenda a ischemic:

• kukhalapo kwa edema;
• mvula imakhala ikupuma;
• Kuwombera (kumveka koopsa) m'mapapu;
• kuwonjezeka kwa chiwindi (hepatomegaly).

Chidziwitso chomaliza cha "matenda a mtima wa ischemic" chimachokera ku kafukufuku wothandiza ndi ma laboratory:

• electrocardiography;
• zojambulajambula ;
• kuyesa magazi kwa mapuloteni a mapuloteni, shuga, kolesteroloni ndi zizindikiro zina;
• coronary angiography.

Matenda a mtima wa Ischemic - mankhwala

Kuchiza kwa matendawa kumadalira kukula kwake ndi mawonekedwe ake. Katswiri wa zamoyo payekha amasankha njira zothandizira matenda a mtima wa ischemic, koma pali zowonjezera kwa odwala onse:

1. Pewani kuchuluka kwa ntchito iliyonse. Pang'onopang'ono, akhoza kuwonjezeka panthawi ya kukonzanso.
2. Bweretsani kulemera kwachibadwa.
3. Pewani kumwa mchere ndi madzi.
4. Konzani menyu. Ndizofunika kusiya zonse zomwe zimathandiza kuti chitukuko cha atherosclerosis chikhale chonchi - mafuta a nyama, kusuta fodya, zakudya zokazinga, pickles, mchere.
5. Pewani kumwa ndi kusuta.

Kuti athetse zizindikiro za IHD ndi kubwezeretsa ntchito ya myocardium, katswiri amauzidwa njira yothandizira mankhwala. Ngati zogwirizana ndi zowonongeka sizingapangitse mankhwala ochiritsidwa, opaleshoni yotsegulira ikulimbikitsidwa:

• mitsempha yamakono yowonongeka (myocardial revascularization);
• balloon angioplasty;
• Kulimbitsa;
• mitsuko ya coronary (balloon dilatation).

Kuchiza kwa matenda a mtima wamtundu - mankhwala

Thandizo lachidziwitso limapangidwa mosiyana kwa wodwala aliyense wodwala mtima, koma pali "dongosolo" la ABC, lomwe limaphatikizapo magulu atatu a mankhwala:

• antiplatelet agents - Thrombopol, Aspirin, Clopidogrel, Acecardol;
• beta-blockers - Niperten, Egilok, Dilatrend, Concor;
• statins ndi fibrates - Simvastatin, Lovastatin, Atorvastatin, Fenofibrate.

Pamaso pa zizindikiro zogonjetsa matenda, mankhwala ena amalembedwa. Matenda a Ischemic - mankhwala:

• anticoagulants - Heparin, Fenilin;
• nitrates - isosorbide mononitrate, Nitroglycerin ;
• diuretics - Lasix, Furosemide;
• mankhwala ochepetsa mankhwalawa - polkozanol, Nolipid;
• mankhwala osokoneza bongo - Amiodarone, Cordarone;
• tizilombo toyambitsa matenda a angiotensin - Captopril , Enalapril;
• kachipangizo kachipangizo kake - Mexicor, Coronater.

Matenda a Ischemic - mankhwala ndi mankhwala ochiritsira

Kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwa njira zina zochiritsira kumaloledwa kokha ndi chilolezo cha wotchedwa endocrinologist monga mankhwala opatsirana. Ndi chithandizo chawo, matenda a ischemic amachepetsedwa - mankhwala amtunduwu amachepetsa kuchulukitsidwa kwapakati, kuthamangitsira kuchotsedwa kwa madzi okwanira kuchokera mu thupi ndikupangitsanso kuchepetsa mphamvu . Sakanizani ntchito ya myocardium ndikuletsa necrosis, sangathe.

Kukolola chomera kuchokera ku matenda a mtima ischemic

Zosakaniza:

• maluwa a hawthorn - 100 g;
• therere Leonurus - 100 g;
• mtundu wa chamomile - 100 g;
• madzi otentha - 120-150 ml.

Kukonzekera, gwiritsani ntchito :

1. Zouma zowonjezera zopangira ndi kusakaniza.
2. Supuni ya supuni ya msonkhanowo iyenera kutsanulidwa ndi madzi otentha ndi kuphimbidwa.
3. Pemphani yankho kwa mphindi 20.
4. Sungani madzi.
5. Imwani kuchuluka kwa mankhwala m'mawa pa chopanda kanthu.
6. Pitirizani kulandira chithandizo mpaka mutapitabe patsogolo pakukhala bwino.

Tincture kwa mtima

Zosakaniza:

• watsopano adyo - 50 g;
• vodka - 120-140 ml.

Kukonzekera, gwiritsani ntchito :

1. Kabati ya grate, musamamwe madzi.
2. Thirani gruel ndi vodka, akuyambitsa.
3. Kuumirira amatanthawuza maola 72.
4. Katatu patsiku, tenga madontho 8 a mankhwala, kuwonjezera pa supuni ya tiyi ya madzi ozizira, oyera.
5. Njira ya mankhwala ndi masiku asanu ndi awiri.

Kuchiritsa decoction

Zosakaniza:

• Zouma zipatso za hawthorn - 20 g;
• madzi ndi 200-220 ml.

Kukonzekera, gwiritsani ntchito :

1. Wiritsani madzi, ikani zipatso mmenemo.
2. Wiritsani chipatso kwa mphindi ziwiri, zitsani moto.
3. Pemphani chithandizo pansi pa chivindikiro kapena thermos kwa maola awiri.
4. Sungani yankho.
5. Gawo limodzi la ola musanadye chakudya chilichonse, imwani supuni 2. makapu a mankhwala.

Kodi matenda a mtima wa ischemic ndi owopsa bwanji?

Kufufuza kwachilomboko kumakhala kosalekeza komanso kosalekeza, kumapangitsa kuti pakhale vuto losawonongeka ku makompyuta ndi zotsatirapo zoopsa. Ngati matenda a mtima amayamba, vutoli lingakhale:

• chodabwitsa ;
• kusowa mphamvu kwa mphamvu yamagetsi;
• kusokoneza makompyuta, kupititsa patsogolo komanso kukondweretsa kachipatala;
• Kuphwanya mankhwala a systolic ndi diastolic;
• kuwonongeka kwa mgwirizano wa zotsalira za ventricle ("myocardium yodabwitsa").

Matenda a mtima wa Ischemic nthawi zambiri amachititsa kuti chiwerengero cha matendawa chichepetse. Kuphatikizidwa ndi kusintha kosinthika kowonongeka ndi kupititsa patsogolo kwa atherosclerosis ya mitsempha, izi zimapangitsa kuti mtima usagonjetseke. Matendawa nthawi zambiri amayambitsa imfa, makamaka amuna akuluakulu.

Matenda a mtima wodwalayo

Pofuna kupewa chitukuko cha matenda omwe akufotokozedwa, nkofunikira kutenga njira zowonjezereka kuti zikhale zovuta kuchitika komanso kupewa matenda a atherosclerosis.

Matenda a mtima:

1. Tsatirani malamulo a kudya zakudya zathanzi, posankha chakudya chochepa mu mafuta a nyama ndi cholesterol.
2. Kusiya kumwa mowa ndi kusuta.
3. Nthawi zonse komanso moyenera muzichita nawo masewera olimbitsa thupi.
4. Onetsetsani ulamuliro wa tsikulo, kugona kwathunthu.
5. Khalani ndi kulemera koyenera.
6. Pewani maganizo ndi nkhawa.
7. Onetsetsani kuthamanga kwa magazi.
8. Kawirikawiri funsani katswiri kwa mayesedwe achitetezo.
9. Chitani ma electrocardiography chaka chilichonse.
10. Pitani ku malo otchuka a sanatoria, malo okwerera.