Maluwa amapangidwa kuti akondwere kukongola kwanu ndi fungo lokoma, koma pali maluwa omwe simungakwanitse kupereka kwa wina. Izi zikutanthauza mitundu yayikulu kwambiri padziko lonse - mitundu yayikulu. Mitundu iyi imangodabwitsa - ndi kukula kwake, ndi fungo lawo losazolowereka.
Kuchokera m'nkhani ino mudzaphunzira zomwe zimatchedwa maluwa aakulu kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi.
Mitengo yonse ya maluwa, chifukwa cha kukula kwake kwakukulu, maluwa awiri aakulu kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi: kutalika kwake ndi kulemera kwake ndi Rafflesia arnoldii ndipo kutalika ndi Amorphophallus Titanium. Ndi zomwe tidzadziŵe bwino m'nkhaniyi mwatsatanetsatane.
Rafflesia Arnoldi
Maluwa odabwitsa awa, akukula pazilumba za Indonesian za Sumatra, Java, Kalimantan, amatchulidwa ndi mayina a asayansi omwe adapeza - TS. Raffles ndi D. Arnoldi. Anthu ammudzi amawatcha "maluwa a lotus" kapena "kakombo kakang'ono". Ngakhale zimadziwika kuti pali mitundu khumi ndi iwiri ya rafflesia.
Rafflesia ali ndi dongosolo losazolowereka: liribe thunthu, mizu ndi masamba obiriwira, sizimapanga zokhazokha zinthu zofunikira zofunika pamoyo. Choncho, imatulutsa mizu yoonongeka ndi zimayambira za liana, kutulutsa ulusi wofanana ndi mycelium, womwe umalowetsa m'zigawo za zomera zokha, koma osati kuvulaza. Ndili wolemera maluwa olemera makilogalamu 10, mamita atatu mamita, masentimita atatu masentimita ndi masentimita 46 m'litali, mbewu za rafflesia ndizochepa kwambiri, ndizosatheka kuziwona.
Mmene maonekedwe a maluwa amaonekera nthawi yayitali: chaka ndi theka chimakula kuchokera ku mbewu ya impso, kenako imatuluka miyezi 9 muphuphu, yomwe imatha kwa masiku 3-4 okha. Maluwawo a Rafflesia ndi ofiira ofiira ndi kutsogolo koyera, koma chifukwa cha kukongola kwake konse kumakhala kununkhira kwa nyama yowola, kukopa chiwerengero cha tizilombo.
Kumapeto kwa maluwa, rafflesia imatha ndipo imakhala mdima wakuda wosasunthika umene umagwirana ndi ziboda za nyama zazikulu, motero kuonetsetsa kuti mbeu idzatumizidwa kumalo atsopano.
Anthu ammudzi amayamikira maluwa awa ndikuganiza kuti rafflesia imakhudza kwambiri ntchito yogonana ndikuthandiza kubwezeretsa chiwerengero cha mkazi atabadwa.
Amamphophollus Titaniyani kapena Titanic
Maluwa aakulu kwambiri padziko lapansi adapezedwanso ku chilumba cha Sumatra ku Indonesian, koma pambuyo pofika kumeneko anthu anali atawonongeka, kotero mutha kuyamikira kukula kwake kodabwitsa m'minda ya zomera.
Mbewu yokha imakula kuchokera ku tuber yaikulu ndipo ili ndi tsinde lalifupi, pansi pake ndi tsamba limodzi la matte lobiriwira lokhala loyera loyera masentimita 10 wandiweyani, kufika mamita atatu m'litali ndi mamita 1 m'mimba mwake, ndipo pamwamba pake pali masamba ang'onoang'ono.
Asanafike, ndipo izi zimachitika kamodzi pakatha zaka zisanu ndi zisanu ndi zisanu ndi zitatu, amorphophallus amachotsa masambawa ndipo ali ndi nthawi yopuma (pafupifupi miyezi inayi). Ndiyeno pali maluwa 2.5 mpaka 3 mamita pamwamba: njuchi yachikasu, yokhala ndi mkazi (m'munsi), maluwa ammimba (mbali yapakati) ndi maluwa osalowerera (kumapeto), atakulungidwa mu burgundy-green
Kulima maluŵa osazolowereka m'minda yamaluwa, kumabweretsa chisangalalo chachikulu pakati pa alendo, monga momwe ambiri amafunira, osapita ku madera otentha a ku Indonesia, kuti adziwe kuti duwa limatchedwa kuti lalikulu ndi lopweteka padziko lonse lapansi.
Mukafika kunyumba maluwa oterewa simungathe kupambana, ndiye mutha kudabwa ndi alendo ndi zomera ndi zinyama kapena "miyala yamoyo" .