Ambiri sakudziwa kuti kuchiza ma currants mu kasupe ndi madzi otentha kumapindulitsa kwambiri polimbana ndi tizirombo ndi matenda. Ndizovuta kwambiri kulamulira tizilombo pa mbeu - zimayendera limodzi ndi masamba aang'ono, ndipo zimatengera khama lalikulu lopulumutsa nyengo yonse yachilimwe.
Chithandizo cha currant baka mu kasupe ndi madzi otentha
Chowopsya choopsa kwambiri cha currant ndi currant bud. Ponena za kupezeka kwake akuwonetsedwa ndi ziphuphu zazikulu, zomwe zimawoneka ngati mitu yaing'ono ya kabichi. Nthata ndi tizilombo tina tomwe timakhala pazomera ndi nyengo yozizira. Pamene chitsamba chiyamba kudzuka, zazikazi zimayika mazira ndipo pa nthambi zikuwoneka ngati masamba osungunuka, zitsamba zatsopano zimakula bwino. M'dzinja, mite imakhazikitsanso mu impso ndikubwereza zonse. Kuthirira currant ndi madzi otentha kumayambiriro kwa kasupe kudzathandiza kuletsa njira yoberekera ya tizilombo towononga, kuwononga mphutsi za nsabwe za m'masamba ndi bowa.
N'chifukwa chiyani mumamwa madzi otentha ndi madzi otentha m'chaka?
Zomwe zimakhudza madzi otentha otentha zimathetsa mavuto ambiri panthawi imodzimodzi:
- Ndibwino kuti mukhale ndi malo ofunikira kwambiri. Kuthirira ndi madzi otentha kumathandiza kuthetsa kwathunthu impso mite, powdery mildew , nsabwe za m'masamba. Njirayi ingathandize kuwononga tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, zomwe zingakhale pansi pa khungwa kapena m'nthaka pafupi ndi chomeracho.
- Kukonzekera kwa currant mu kasupe ndi madzi otentha kumayambitsa chitetezo cha mbeu komanso kumapangitsa kuti mabakiteriya ayambe kugwiritsidwa ntchito. Zomera zimakhala ndi zovuta zapadera, chifukwa cha zomwe zimawoneka bwino, maonekedwe, maonekedwe ndi kukoma kwa zipatso za zipatso.
- Kusamba kwa madzi otentha kumayambitsa chitsamba ndipo kumathamangitsa kuwuka kwa impso kuchokera ku mpumulo wachisanu.
- Pambuyo ulimi wothirira, chiwerengero cha peduncles chikuwonjezeka, zomwe zimabweretsa zokolola zambiri.
Mukafuna kuthirira madzi a currant kumapeto kwa madzi otentha?
Kuthirira tchire mu kugwa sikudzabweretsa zotsatira zoyenera, chifukwa panthawiyi impso zomwe nthata zimathetsedwa zimaphimbidwa ndi nkhungu zowonongeka. Chifukwa chaichi, madzi otentha sadzafika pa chandamale, ndipo tizilombo toyambitsa matenda sizingatheke. Nthawi ya currant yomwe imathira madzi otentha m'chaka ndi ovuta, chifukwa nyengo imasiyana paliponse ndipo kasupe sichidziwika ndi zodabwitsa zake. Kuthirira tchire umachitika pamene impso zisanatuluke, koma zimayankha kale kutenthedwa ndi kusintha kosasinthika mu chivundikiro cha mtundu. Zitha kukhala ngakhale pamene chisanu sichinachoke. Nthawi yowonjezereka ili pakatikati pa March-kumayambiriro kwa April.
Kodi angatani kuti tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizisungunuka m'chaka ndi madzi otentha?
Musanayambe kasupe kukhetsa tchire la currant ndi madzi otentha, muyenera kuphimba mizu yawo, ngati ili pafupi ndi nthaka. Pachifukwachi, mungagwiritse ntchito mapepala a plywood, matabwa, slate. Ndibwino kuti mugwiritsire ntchito currant mu kasupe ndi madzi otentha pogwiritsa ntchito zitsulo zowonjezera zingakhale ndi sprayer pa spout. Kuchokera mu chidebe mumadzimadzi - kumwa mowa kwambiri madzi otentha, ndipo chidebe cha pulasitiki chikhoza kupunduka kuchokera ku madzi otentha. Ndondomeko:
- Pa chitofu kapena moto, madzi amabweretsera chithupsa, amatsanulira madzi okwanira ndipo nthawi yomweyo amayamba chithandizo cha zomera. Madzi otentha 100% amawombera mphukira sangathe, kotero iwo samatentha. Monga lamulo, ndi kuikidwa magazi komanso kukhudzana ndi nthambi, madzi amadziwika mpaka +70 - 80 ° C. Chiwerengero chapansi sichidzapereka zotsatira. Mkhalidwe wotere ndi wabwino kuti usawononge tchire ndi kuwononga tizilombo towononga tizilombo ndi fungal spores. Kuti muyese kutentha kwa madzi ogwira ntchito, ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito thermometer.
- Nthambi zimayikidwa mofanana, palibe chomwe chiyenera kuphonya ndipo sichikhala pamalo amodzi. Mtunda wochokera ku mphukira kufikira kuthirira ukhoza kukhala pafupifupi masentimita 10. Osati zomera zokha zomwe amachiritsidwa, komanso nthaka yomwe imawazungulira.
- Pofuna kukonza njirayi, mphukira imalimbikitsidwa kuti imangirire pamwamba. Kawirikawiri malita 10 a madzi otentha amakhala okwanira pazitsamba zitatu za currant.
- Tchire amachiritsidwa panthawi yomweyo, popewera kubwereza. Madzi otentha, kupha tizilonda pamphuno, mwamsanga. Ngati mankhwalawa abwerezedwa, impso zidzatenthedwa ndipo mbeu zimatha kuvutika.
- Kupititsa patsogolo madzi abwino kumawonjezera potaziyamu permanganate kapena mchere. Kotero inu simungakhoze kuwononga tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi parasitic mphutsi, komanso tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.
- Kuonjezera bwino, amaluwa ambiri amawonjezera mkuwa sulphate kwa madzi otentha (100 magalamu a makristasi pambali ya chidebe cha madzi). Kugwiritsa ntchito kutsanulira mphukira - 1.5 malita pa chitsamba. Momwemonso mkuwa wa sulphate ndi mankhwala abwino kwambiri a fungicide, antiseptic, tizilombo ndi feteleza.
- Pambuyo pa chithandizo ndi madzi otentha, kudulira kumatuluka, nthambi zakale zimachotsedwa ndipo mabedi amasungunuka .
Currant processing mu kasupe ndi madzi otentha ndi soda
Ngati mutenga mankhwala a currants ndi madzi otentha ndi soda m'chaka, mukhoza kuchotsa osati impso mite, komanso powdery mildew. Spores a bowa awa amanyamulidwa ndi mphepo ndipo, kukhazikika pa nthambi, kuchuluka. Kenaka nsonga za tchire zimaphimbidwa ndi zoyera zoyera, ngati kuti zimawaza ufa. Pofuna kuthetsa yankho, 50 magalamu a chakudya kapena soda phulusa amawonjezeredwa mu chidebe cha madzi otentha ndipo nthambi zimapulitsidwa monga tafotokozera pamwambapa.
Kuthira kwa currant mu kasupe ndi madzi owiritsa ndi ayodini
Kutsanulira madzi currant otentha m'chaka ndi Kuwonjezera kwa ayodini kumathandizanso kuthana ndi kuwonongeka kwa bowa pa mbeu - powdery mildew, imvi yovunda . Zosakaniza za mabakiteriya awa pazitsamba zakutchire. Pofuna kukonza, muyenera kukonzekera yankho - kutsanulira 1 botolo la 5% a ayodini (10 ml) mu chidebe cha madzi otentha ndikutsanulira tchire kuchokera korona mpaka pansi. Mu njira iliyonse yothandizira, mukhoza kuwonjezera 50 magalamu a sopo yophika zovala. Zidzatha kuchotseratu nsabwe za m'masamba, kupatsa madzi mamasukidwe akayendedwe, ndipo mankhwala ophera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda akhoza kukhala pamwamba pa nthambi kwa masiku angapo, ndipo musathenso kutuluka pamphuno.
Kuchiza kwa currant baka mu kasupe ndi madzi otentha ndi urea
Pofuna kuthana ndi tizilombo toononga, mutha kuthirira madzi a currant mu kasupe ndi madzi otentha ndi urea . Mankhwalawa amachitika asanayambe kuphulika, kupopera mankhwalawa ndi 50 magalamu a urea (carbamide) pa 10 malita a madzi otentha. Njira yothetsera vutoli ndikumenyana ndi overwintering spores wa nkhanambo, mphutsi ndi mazira osiyanasiyana. Urea akuwonjezeredwa ndipo ngati feteleza - nayitrojeni yomwe imapangidwa mu kasupe imathandiza pa zomera zonse.
Kuchiza kwa maluwa a currant kumapeto kwa katsitsi ka tsitsi mmalo mwa madzi otentha
Kusankha momwe mungaperekere currants kumayambiriro kwa kasupe, mungagwiritse ntchito chowumitsa tsitsi lachilendo. Zitsanzo zamakono zothandizira zimatha kutentha kutentha kwa 120 ° C pamphuno. Choncho, chifukwa cha kutentha kwa zomera ndikofunikira kulimbikitsa nthambi kuchokera kutali - 15-20 masentimita, osakhala pamalo amodzi kwa masekondi asanu. Pakati pazomwe zimapangidwira, kuyanika tsitsi pamtunda uwu kumatulutsa mphepo yotentha pamtunda wa +70 - 80 ° C. Mankhwalawa ndi okwanira kuti awononge mphutsi za tizilombo toyambitsa matenda zomwe zadutsa pazomera.