Mahomoni a chithokomiro chokwanira chokwanira amapereka ntchito yofunikira ya thupi - amadyetsa ndi mphamvu. Koma msinkhu wawo ukasintha, mavuto amayamba omwe angabweretse mavuto aakulu. Powapewa, muyenera kuyang'anitsitsa thanzi lanu ndikudziwa bwino zizindikiro zazikulu za hypo-hyperthyroidism.
Kodi ndi mahomoni otani amene amapangidwa ndi chithokomiro?
Mitundu iwiri ya zinthu zamoyo zomwe zimagwira ntchito m'thupi zimatulutsa khungu la chithokomiro:
- triiodothyronine;
- thyroglobulin.
Mahomoni otere a chithokomiro ali ndi zizindikiro zowonongeka - T3 ndi T4, popeza umodzi uli ndi zitatu, komanso ena - ma molekyulu a ayodini. Popanda zotsirizira, kaphatikizidwe ka biologically yogwira zinthu sizingatheke. Kuti mumvetse kufunika kwake, muyenera kudziwa momwe mahomoni a chithokomiro amagwirira ntchito. Ndipo iwo ali ndi udindo pa:
- kaphatikizidwe ka mapuloteni;
- ntchito yachibadwa ya maselo (chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa kuyamwa kwa mpweya);
- Kupititsa patsogolo kayendedwe katsopano;
- kuwonjezeka kwa mlingo wa magazi m'thupi komanso kutsegula kwa insulini;
- chikhalidwe cha kusintha kwa madzi;
- kugawa mafuta ndi kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa magazi;
- kukula;
- kukula kwa ubongo ndi CNS;
- mapangidwe a maselo a magazi;
- kuwonjezeka kwa magazi;
- kupanga kutentha;
- kuyang'anira ntchito zobereka.
Kusanthula mahomoni a chithokomiro
Maphunzirowa ndi ofunika kwambiri, popeza kusintha kulikonse-ngakhale kuwonjezeka pang'ono kapena kuchepa-kwa kupanga mahomoni kumasonyeza kusokonezeka kwa kayendetsedwe ka limba. Zisonyezo za kuyesa magazi kwa mahomoni a chithokomiro, monga lamulo, ndi awa:
- amakayikira chinyengo kapena hyperthyroidism;
- goiter ;
- kusowa ;
- kuphwanya kapena kupezeka kwa msambo;
- kumeta ;
- Kulephera kugonana (makamaka, kusowa chilakolako cha kugonana);
- kukonza;
- kuchedwa pa chitukuko cha ana (zonse zamaganizo ndi zachiwerewere);
- kulemera kapena kulemera.
Kuyezetsa magazi kwa mahomoni a chithokomiro - kukonzekera
Poonetsetsa kuti zotsatirazo zili zolondola ndipo zakhala zikuwonetseratu chithunzi cholondola, zingapo ziyenera kutengedwa musanapereke magazi. Musanayambe kuyesa mahomoni a chithokomiro, kukonzekera kumafuna izi:
- Pafupifupi mwezi umodzi musanaphunzire, ndi bwino kukana kutenga mitundu yonse ya mahomoni a chithokomiro (kupatula omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito malinga ndi malangizo apadera a endocrinologist).
- Kutangotsala pang'ono kuchitapo kanthu mwamphamvu. Musayambe kuchita nawo masewera olimbitsa thupi.
- Kwa masiku angapo musanayese mahomoni a chithokomiro, muyenera kusiya kumwa mankhwala owonjezera a ayodini.
- Pakadutsa tsiku lisanayambe kuyesedwa kulimbikitsidwa kusasuta, kusamwa mowa komanso kusokoneza dongosolo la manjenje.
- Muyenera kupatsa magazi pamimba yopanda kanthu. Pankhaniyi, wodwalayo ayenera kuti azipumula nthawi zonse.
Kodi mungapereke motani mayeso a mahomoni a chithokomiro?
Njira yothetsera magazi imachitika malinga ndi dongosolo lachikhalidwe. Asanayambe ndondomekoyi, zokopa alendo zikugwiritsidwa ntchito. Palinso maonekedwe ena. Izi sizikuchenjezedwa m'ma laboratori onse, koma pali malamulo ena othandizira kuyesedwa. Kudziwa za iwo kumateteza nthawi yambiri ndi mitsempha. Nazi momwe mungaperekere magazi ku mahomoni a chithokomiro:
- Mahomoni ambiri komanso omasuka samasiya nthawi yomweyo. Ngati labotale ikupereka izi, zikutanthauza kuti antchito akuyesera kuonjezera ndalama zomwe wodwalayo akulipirira.
- Palibe chifukwa chokhazikitsanso kachilombo ka AT kwa TPO (ma immunoglobulins enieni omwe amawononga mazira a ayodini), popeza zatsimikiziridwa mwasayansi kuti chiwerengero cha ma antibodies sichisiyana ndi thanzi la wodwalayo.
- Musatenge mayeso a thyroglobulin panthawi yoyesedwa. Izi ndi mayeso enieni omwe madokotala angakhoze kutanthauzira molakwika, kusocheretsa wodwalayo. Monga lamulo, magazi a mahomoni oterewa amapereka pamene pali kukayikira kwa mapulaneti.
Chithokomiro cha ma chithokomiro
Zomwe zili m'thupi zingakhalepo mitundu iŵiri: zogwirizana ndi mapuloteni komanso osamangidwa (mfulu). Chiwerengero cha iwo chimapereka chizindikiro chofanana. Pa mafomu aliwonse ali ndi zikhazikitso zomveka bwino m'magazi. Chizoloŵezi cha mahomoni a chithokomiro mwa akazi amawoneka ngati awa:
- chiwerengero cha T4: kuyambira 62 mpaka 141 nmol / l;
- T4: 1.5 - 2.9 μg / 100 ml;
- chiwerengero cha T3: 1.17 - 2.18 nmol / l;
- T3: 0.4 ng / 100 ml.
Mahomoni a chithokomiro amakulira
Hyperthyroidism sichipezeka nthawi zambiri monga hypothyroidism. Koma vutoli limaonedwa kuti liri loopsa ndipo limafuna mankhwala oopsa. Mahomoni otchuka a chithokomiro ndi matenda omwe amachititsa kuti kuchuluka kwa zinthu zomwe zimagwira ntchito m'magazi kuonjezere, ndipo zotsatira zake zowopsa pamatenda ndi ziwalo zimakula. Pamene mahomoni a chithokomiro amatha kupangidwa mopitirira muyeso, njira zonse zamagetsi ndi ntchito za ziwalo za mkati zimaphwanyidwa mu thupi, njira zokhudzana ndi zowonongeka zimapita patsogolo.
Kuwonjezeka kwa mahomoni a chithokomiro - zifukwa
Monga lamulo, hyperthyroidism imayambitsa matenda osiyanasiyana. Ngati chithokomiro chimayamba kutulutsa mahomoni ochulukirapo, wodwala ayenera kuyang'anitsitsa matendawa:
- Matenda a Basedova. Ndi matendawa, chithokomiro chimakhala chokwanira. Amayika pafupifupi 75% mwa matenda a hyperthyroidism.
- Chotupa chopuma. Chimodzi mwa zovuta kwambiri ndi zoopsa zomwe zimayambitsa. Mahomoni otulutsa chithokomiro, omwe amatha kupanga T3 ndi T4, amapangidwa kokha m'kamwa mwa pituitary. Pamene chiphuphu chimapangidwa, ntchito ya gawo ili la ubongo, komanso chithokomiro cha chithokomiro, imasokonezeka.
- Kutupa. Pamene kusanthula mahomoni a chithokomiro kukuwonetseratu ziwongolero zowonjezereka, izi zingasonyezenso kutentha kwa tizilombo m'thupi. Ndipo mwamsanga pamene matendawa achotsedwa, mkhalidwe wa wodwalawo ndi wovomerezeka.
Hyperthyroidism ingakhalenso madalitso. Koma posachedwapa, matendawa akupezeka kwambiri mwa iwo amene amazunza mavitamini a ayodini. Chakudya sichikhoza kuwonjezera thupi ndi mankhwalawa, koma mankhwala - mosavuta. Kwenikweni, magazi pa mahomoni a chithokomiro amatumizidwa kuti apereke okonda kudzipiritsa. Choncho, kuti mupewe hyperthyroidism, mankhwala okhala ndi ayodini - ngakhale ophweka komanso olepheretsa - ayenera kutengedwa pokhapokha mwa dongosolo lomwe limagwirizanitsidwa ndi dokotala.
Mahomoni a chithokomiro amayamba - zizindikiro
Zomwe zimakhudza zinthu zamoyo zimakhudza thupi. Choncho, musaganize kuti mahomoni otentha kwambiri ndi ovuta. Hyperthyroidism ikhoza kusonyeza zizindikiro zotere:
- kupweteka kwakukulu ndi zopanda nzeru kopanda chilakolako chabwino;
- kusalana;
- thukuta lalikulu;
- kuoneka ngati imvi;
- kupukuta tsitsi;
- ludzu losadziŵika;
- mavuto mu ntchito ya m'mimba, kuphatikizapo kudzimbidwa kapena kusanza;
- Kukulitsa kwa khosi kukula (mu magawo osanyalanyazidwa kwambiri - kupanga chotupa, kukula kwake komwe kumaonekera);
- kukwiya;
- kusowa tulo;
- mawonekedwe a kunjenjemera m'dzanja;
- tachycardia;
- kukonza;
- Kuphwanya kwa msambo;
- kutulutsa maso;
- kupuma kwa maso;
- kusemphana kosalekeza;
- kuwonjezeka kwa magazi;
- mipiringidzo yowumangirira.
Kuwonjezeka kwa mahomoni a chithokomiro - mankhwala
Mungathe kukwaniritsa mahomoni a chithokomiro m'njira zosiyanasiyana:
- Mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito panthawi yoyamba, pamene akuchiza odwala osakwana 50. Mankhwala omwe amapezeka kwambiri ndi awa: Methimazol ndi Propylthiouracil. Mankhwalawa amaletsa kuwonjezeka kwa ayodini. Thandizo liyenera kuchitidwa ndi maphunziro ndipo lingakhale yaitali kwa nthawi yaitali.
- Kuchepetsa mahomoni m'thambo la chithokomiro kumathandiza kuti iodine iwonongeke. Njira yowonjezera yamadzimadzi imachititsa kuti chiwonongeko chikhale chochepa komanso kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa zinthu zomwe zimatulutsidwa.
- Chithandizo cha opaleshoni. Mahomoni a chithokomiro m'matenda mwa amayi angathe kuchitidwa mwa kuchotsa liwalo kwathunthu kapena pang'ono.
- Kuthandizira thupi ndi hyperthyroidism kudzakuthandizani komanso kudya. Zimathandiza kugwiritsa ntchito nsomba, kabichi, zukini, broccoli, sipinachi, nyemba, mbewu.
Mahomoni a chithokomiro amatsitsa
Ndi hypothyroidism, thupi silingathe kupanga thyroxine yokwanira. Mahomoni otsika a chithokomiro amachititsa kuchepa kwa ntchito zambiri m'thupi, kuphatikizapo njira yamagetsi. Kudziwa zizindikiro za hypothyroidism, matendawa amatha kupezeka pa nthawi ndi kuchiritsidwa. Monga lamulo, pambuyo pa njira yokwanira yothandizira, zizindikiro zonse za matenda zimatha.
Kuthetsa mahomoni a chithokomiro - zifukwa
Chifukwa chofala cha hypothyroidism ndi kusowa kwa ayodini. Koma palinso zifukwa zina zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mavitamini a chithokomiro a TSH apangidwe mokwanira. Zina mwa izo:
- Down syndrome;
- ntchito yotumizidwa pa shchitovidke kapena radiotherapy;
- chithandizo ;
- Matenda a Turner;
- kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ena (monga Amiodarone kapena Litin, mwachitsanzo).
Mahomoni a chithokomiro amachepetsedwa - zizindikiro
Mawonetseredwe a hypothyroidism akhoza kuyamba pang'onopang'ono ndi kuipira pang'onopang'ono - kwa miyezi ingapo kapena zaka. Kutulutsa mahomoni otchedwa chithokomiro T4 amadziwika ndi zizindikiro monga:
- kutopa;
- kutsika kwa thupi;
- Kusokonezeka maganizo (psychosis, depression, kusinthasintha kwadzidzidzi);
- kunthunthumira kwa manja;
- kumverera kozizira kosalekeza;
- Kuuma ndi kuyang'ana khungu;
- kupweteka kukumbukira;
- kutuluka thukuta kwa mitengo ya palmu;
- kusamba kosayenerera kapena kulemera kwambiri;
- kuchepetsa libido;
- Kutupa kwa maso, miyendo ndi zala;
- kusokoneza kupuma kwa pakhosi;
- kuwonongeka kwa tsitsi ndi misomali;
- kuchepetsa kuthamanga konse kwa minofu.
Mahomoni a chithokomiro amachepetsedwa - mankhwala
Popeza hypothyroidism ndi vuto lalikulu, limafuna mankhwala oyenera. Ngati mahomoni otsika a pansi, ndiyenera kuchita chiyani? Pali njira zazikulu ziwiri:
- Odzozedwa. Cholinga chake ndichokweza zinthu zomwe zimasowa pogwiritsa ntchito zinthu zopangira. Koma pali drawback yofunika - mankhwalawa angapangitse atrophy za chithokomiro.
- Kubwezera. Mankhwalawa amakulolani kuti mubweretse msinkhu wamadzimadzi mmbuyo popanda kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala. Chofunika kwambiri cha mankhwalawa ndi zotsatira za ubongo ndi zowonongeka zamadzimadzi ndizomwe zimakhala zofooka pakadutsa zochitika zamoyo.