Matenda a Coronary - maola angapo kuti apulumutse miyoyo

Chimodzi mwa zoopsa kwambiri kwa munthu ndi matenda a mtima. Matenda owopsa a coronary ndi matenda aakulu a thupi lomwe likuwopseza moyo, ndipo chiwerengero chiri kale. Kufufuza koteroko kumapangidwa tsiku loyamba, pamene madokotala amachita kafukufuku ndikuzindikira kuopsa kwa zotsatira zake.

Matenda owopsa a coronary - ndi chiyani?

Matenda a coronary kapena ACS - ndi kuphwanya kwa magazi kudzera mu mitsempha, yomwe imalimbikitsa mtima. Ngati chotengera chichepa kwambiri ndipo gawo laling'ono kapena lalikulu la galimotoyo limasiya kugwira bwino ntchito kapena kufa, ndiye kuti matendawa amatha. Pa nthawi ya matendawa (tsiku loyamba pambuyo pa chitukuko cha matendawa), akatswiri a cardiologists amachititsa chithandizo pofuna kubwezeretsa nthawi.

Atalandira zotsatira, dokotala akhoza kudziwa momwe wodwalayo akuyambira matenda a myocardial infirction (MI) kapena ngati angina wosakhazikika (NA) akudziwonetsera. Matenda a ACS ndi othandizira ndipo amafunika kuchiza mwamsanga, chifukwa ndi matendawa muyenera kulowa mankhwala omwe amasungunula magazi m'mitsempha ya mtima, mkati mwa maola 1.5 chiyambireni zizindikiro.

Ngati panthawi ino sichiyenera kukhala nthawi, akatswiri a cardiologists amangogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo omwe amachepetsa gawo la kufa ndikuthandizira ntchito zofunika kwambiri. Pa chifukwa chimenechi, ngati mwadzidzidzi muli ndi matenda a mtima ndipo musapite kwa mphindi 10 mutapuma, funsani ambulansi mwamsanga. Njira zosasinthika m'thupi zimayamba kukula ndikugwiritsidwa ntchito, dokotala yekha angathe kupulumutsa munthu.

Matenda owopsa a coronary - amachititsa

Chifukwa chachikulu cha chitukuko cha matenda oopsa kwambiri ndi kuphwanya magazi mu minofu ya mtima, yomwe ikhoza kuchitika chifukwa cha kusowa kokwanira kwa mpweya kwa thupi kapena kusowa kwa chofunika kwambiri. Chifukwa cha matendawa chimaonedwa ngati chiwonongeko cha zombo zomwe zimagawanika kapena kupasuka.

Zina mwa zifukwa za ACS zingakhale:

1. Matenda a Coronary thrombosis ndi mapangidwe omwe ali ndi mafuta osakaniza, cholesterol ndi calcium. Iwo amatha kuwonekera mu chotengera chilichonse ndikuyenda ndi magazi kumtima.
2. Matenda a mitsempha ya mitsempha ya m'mimba - amadyetsa minofu ya mtima. Imeneyi ndi matenda aakulu omwe amawonongeka kwambiri m'makoma a ziwiyazo komanso momwe zimagwirira ntchito.

Kuwonjezera pa zomwe zimayambitsa ACS, palinso zifukwa zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa. Pogwirizana ndi zochitika zingapo, mwayi wodzetsa mavuto a mtima ukuwonjezeka. Izi zikuphatikizapo:

• kunenepa kwambiri;
• moyo wokhala pansi;
• shuga;
• kusuta ndi mowa;
• kupsinjika kaŵirikaŵiri;
• umoyo;
• ukalamba (pambuyo pa zaka 40);
• kusokoneza zakudya zonenepa;
• mitsempha yambiri yamagazi ya cholesterol;
• mwamuna wamwamuna.

Matenda owopsa a coronary - zizindikiro

Matenda a chidziwitso chodziwika bwino ali ndi zizindikiro zotere:

1. Kupweteka kolimba ndi kosalekeza mu chifuwa, chomwe chiri ndi khalidwe lopanikizika, loyaka kapena lopanikizika. Kuwukirako kungakhale kwa mphindi 30 mpaka maola angapo, nthawi zambiri, tsiku.
2. Kuchita zofuna zowawa pamapeto a mitsempha kumtunda kumanzere kwa thupi (chala chaching'ono, mkono, scapula, khosi, nthiti ndi nsagwada).
3. Ululu umadziwonetsera wekha mu mpumulo, kugona kapena pambuyo pochita mwakuthupi.
4. Kumva kuti alibe mpweya kapena kumva kuvutika;
5. Khungu loyamba, thukuta lozizira pamphumi.
6. Zomwe sizimayendera ndondomeko ya manjenje kuti ikhale ndi nkhawa: kusokonezeka maganizo, kuchepetsa kudziletsa, mantha amantha, omwe akuwonjezeka nthawi zonse.
7. Nitroglycerin sizinathandize kuchepetsa ululu.
8. Kulephera mu mtima mwambo, kupuma pang'ono, kupuma, kupuma, ululu m'mimba.

Kodi chiopsezo cha matenda oopsa kwambiri ndi chiyani?

Poyankha funso lokhudza mavuto omwe ali ndi matenda aakulu, chiŵerengero cha imfa, chomwe chili pafupifupi 30%, chiyenera kuganiziridwa. Kawirikawiri, imfa imapezeka odwala asanafike madokotala. Chifukwa chachikulu cha izi ndi fibrillation yamagetsi. Mfundo zazikuluzikulu zomwe zikuwonetsa kuti vutoli ndilofunika:

• zaka za wodwalayo zoposa zaka 60;
• dontho lakuthwa la kuthamanga kwa magazi;
• palpitation inakula mofulumira;
• m'mapapo pali mchitidwe wanyontho;
• chitukuko cha edema ya pulmonary;
• kupanikizika kwakukulu mu mitsempha ya pulmonary;
• kuchepa kwa kuchuluka kwa mkodzo kupatulidwa.

Matenda a coronary amphamvu - kusiyanitsa kusiyana

Munthu aliyense amene ali ndi zizindikiro zina ayenera kupita kuchipatala. Kuzindikira za matenda oopsa kwambiri kumaphatikizapo:

• kusanthula madandaulo ndi kuphunzira anamnesis;
• zamoyo zam'thupi ndi mayesero ambiri a magazi ndi mkodzo;
• coagulogram;
• zojambulajambula;
• chiwonetsero;
• chiwerengero;
• ma electrocardiography - ndiyo njira yeniyeni yopezera matenda aakulu;
• maginito ojambula - kukulolani kuyesa magazi ku myocardium ndikuyeretsa magazi.

Matenda owopsa a coronary ku ECG

Kupeza matenda oopsa a myocardial infarction kungakhale pambuyo pa electrocardiography - njira yolembera ndi kujambula ntchito yamagetsi ya mtima wathu. Kuchita kafufuzidwe ndi kofunika panthawi ya ululu, ndiyeno kuyerekeza ndi thupi la thupi musanayambe kapena atagonjetsedwa. Kuwunika ntchito ya thupi lalikulu la munthu n'kofunika nthawi zambiri m'kati mwa mankhwala.

Matenda owopsa a coronary - chisamaliro chapadera

Thandizo loyamba la matenda oopsa a m'mimba ayenera kuperekedwa kwa wodwala asanamwalire ambulansi. Zimaphatikizapo magawo awa:

1. Wodwala ayenera kuikidwa pamsana pake, kumapewa ndi kukwera mmwamba ndi madigiri 30-40.
2. Muzimasula munthu kuchokera ku zovala zolimba, mutsegule zenera kuti pasakhale kanthu kowopsya ndi kudya kwa mpweya m'mapapo.
3. Ngati palibe mpweya wamapulmoni, wodwala ayenera kutafuna mapiritsi 2-3 a Aspecard kapena Aspirin-Cardio.
4. Yesani kuthamanga kwa magazi ngati ali apamwamba kuposa 90 mpaka 60 mm. gt; ndiye apatseni pulogalamu ya nitroglycerin, bwerezani pambuyo pa mphindi 10.
5. Samalani mkhalidwe wa wodwalayo, ngati kuli koyenera, mutonthoze ndi mawu (musapereke mankhwala enaake), ngati angathe, am'fufuze kwambiri.
6. Popanda kupuma mwa wodwalayo, chitani kupuma komanso kubwezeretsa.

Matenda owopsa a coronary - mankhwala

Pitirizani kuchipatala mwamphamvu kwambiri mu chipatala chachikulu kapena kuchipatala chachikulu. Odwala apatsidwa:

• chithandizo chamakono;
• stenirovanie ndi angioplasty;
• chiwonongeko chakumadzulo;
• chiwonetsero;
• zoperekera zowonongeka.