Chombo cha Ethiopia ndicho "miyezi 13 ya dzuwa", ndipo mawu awa ali pafupi ndi choonadi, chifukwa dziko lino likukhala pa kalendala yakekha. Mitundu pafupifupi 80 imalembedwa pano, yomwe ili ndi miyambo ndi miyambo yapadera. Ntchito zomwe zikuchitika m'dzikoli zimakondweretsedwa ndi malo apadera komanso miyambo ina.
Chombo cha Ethiopia ndicho "miyezi 13 ya dzuwa", ndipo mawu awa ali pafupi ndi choonadi, chifukwa dziko lino likukhala pa kalendala yakekha. Mitundu pafupifupi 80 imalembedwa pano, yomwe ili ndi miyambo ndi miyambo yapadera. Ntchito zomwe zikuchitika m'dzikoli zimakondweretsedwa ndi malo apadera komanso miyambo ina.
Zambiri zokhudza maholide ku Ethiopia
Chikhalidwe ichi chikuphatikizapo nthano ndi nthano, chimagwirizanitsa zilankhulo zambiri ndi zinenero, zipembedzo ndi zipembedzo. Kawirikawiri alendo amafunsidwa ndi funso la pamene Chaka Chatsopano ku Ethiopia ndi momwe nthawi yawo ikuwerengera mosiyana ndi zomwe zimavomerezedwa.
M'dzikoli holideyi ikumakondwerera pa September 11. Kalendala imatha pambuyo pa dziko lonse lapansi kwa zaka 7, miyezi 8 ndi masiku 11. Anakongoletsera ku Copts muzaka zoyambirira za Chikhristu. Chipembedzo ichi chinawonekera ku Ethiopia m'zaka za m'ma IV.
Zodabwitsa m'dzikoli ndikutanthauzira kwa nthawi. Tsiku lino likuyamba ndi kutuluka kwa dzuwa, ndipo osati pakati pausiku, kotero, kuvomereza pamisonkhano ndi anthu amderalo, nthawi zonse tanthauzo la maola omwe muyenera kuyendamo.
Maholide akuluakulu 10 ku Ethiopia
Ngati tiyerekeze ndi mayiko ena, ndiye ku Ethiopia mulibe maholide ambiri. Zochitika zambiri zimagwirizana ndi Chikhristu ndi mbiri ya dzikoli. Wotchuka kwambiri mwa iwo ndi:
- Mawlid al-Nabi - adakondwerera pa January 3. Chikondwererochi chikuperekedwa pa kubadwa kwa Mtumiki Muhammad, koma popeza kuti sichidziwika nthawi yomwe iye anabadwa, phwando lidafika nthawi yake. Tsiku la imfa kwa Asilamu ndilo lofunika kwambiri pa moyo wa munthu. Chochitika ichi chinakhala chopindulitsa zaka 300 pambuyo pa kukhazikitsidwa kwa Islam.
- Khirisimasi imakondwerera pa January 7. Utumiki wamakonzedwewu umagwiridwa mzipinda zamakono zam'dziko muno , komanso m'mipingo yakale yomwe inkapangidwa kuchokera ku miyala yamphepete mwala. Okhulupirira amachitira malo opatulika ndi ulemu wapadera ndikuyamba kubatizidwa makilomita ambiri asanafike kumapemphero.
- Timkat (Ubatizo) - Akhristu amakondwerera masiku awiri kuyambira pa 19 January. Chochitika ichi ndilo tchuthi lalikulu lachipembedzo m'dzikoli, pamene okaona amatha kuona miyambo yakale kwambiri ya tchalitchi. Ansembe amanyamula Likasa la Pangano (tabot) kupita kumadzi ndikuchoka mumsasa wopita usiku, okhulupirira panthawiyi akupemphera. Izi zikuimira Yesu Khristu kulowa mu mtsinje wa Yordano. M'mawa madziwo amaonedwa kuti ndi opatulika, amatsukidwa, madzi opatulika amatengedwera m'zombo ndikupititsidwa kunyumba. Mwambo umatha ndi ulendo wautali ndi nyimbo zapanyumba ndi miyambo yovomerezeka. Mapulogalamu aakulu kwambiri akuchitikira mumzinda wa Gondar ndi Lalibela , komanso mumzinda wa Addis Ababa .
- Tsiku Lopambana - anthu ammudzi amakondwerera pa March 2. Pulogalamuyi ikuperekedwa ku nkhondo ya Adua (Nkhondo ya Aduwa Day). Pambuyo pa kutsegula kwa Suez Canal mu 1869, nyanja ya Red Sea inayamba chidwi ndi anthu a ku Ulaya. Sikuti amalonda okha amapita kumeneko, komanso owononga omwe akufuna kukulitsa maiko awo. Ethiopia idakopeka ndi Italy, yomwe idalanda mizinda ya dzikoli (mwachitsanzo, Assab ndi Massawa mu 1872 ndi 1885 motsatira). Zaka khumi zitatha izi, nkhondo inayamba, zomwe zinapangitsa kuti apolisi awonongeke, omwe adazindikira ufulu wa boma la African.
- Tsiku la Ntchito - limakondwerera pa May 1 kwa zaka zingapo. Akuluakulu aboma amalimbikitsa ntchito yogwirizana ya Capital ndi Labor. Zolinga za chikondwererochi zimapereka kuti holideyi imaperekedwa kwa anthu onse ogwira ntchito, mosasamala za ubwino wawo ndi mphamvu zawo. Pamtima pa chochitikacho ndikuthokoza kwa munthu aliyense kuti athandizidwe kuntchito kuti apindule ndi anthu.
- Fasika (Isitala) imagwirizana ndi Sunday Orthodox Bright Sunday. Ili ndilo tchuthi lofunika kwambiri lachikristu m'dzikoli, lomwe likukondwerera sabata imodzi pambuyo pa Hosanna (Lamlungu Lamlungu). Pamwambowu, anthu okhalamo amakhala ndi chakudya chamasiku 55. Amangodya masamba kamodzi patsiku. Madzulo a Pasitala msonkhano wa mpingo ukuchitika, ndikofunikira kubwera kwa iwo mu zovala zokongola ndi makandulo oyatsa m'manja. Mu Fasika banja lonse limasonkhana palimodzi ndikukondwerera sabata limodzi. Gome nthawi zambiri limagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi mbale zakutchire , mwachitsanzo, Durovot, nkhuku yophika, kapena nkhuku yofiira.
- Tsiku la kugwa kwa ulamuliro wa usilikali - linakondwerera pa May 28. Zaperekedwa ku zochitika zomwe zinachitika mu 1974. Panthawiyo, gulu lankhondo linkaima ku Asmara, asilikaliwo adagonjetsa ndipo anayamba kufunsa kuti awonjezere ndi ndalama. Anagwirizanitsidwa ndi magulu ankhondo, ophunzira ndi antchito ochokera m'madera onse a Ethiopia, omwe cholinga chawo chinali kutaya boma. Ngakhale kuti mfumuyo inavomerezanso zigawengazo, iye anagonjetsedwa. Mu 1991, msonkhano wapadziko lonse unachitikira m'dzikoli, komwe kudakonzedwa kuti boma lidzayendetsedwa ndi bungwe lapadera lokhala ndi mamembala 87 ochokera ku maphwando 20.
- Enkutatash ndi Chaka Chatsopano cha Ethiopia, chikondwerero pa September 11. Kalendala ya Julia pano ikugwira ntchito osati mu mpingo wokha, komanso mu moyo wa tsiku ndi tsiku. Zikuganiziridwa kuti phwandolo linavomerezedwa ndi mfumukazi ya ku Sheba, ndipo dzina lake likutembenuzidwa ngati Tsiku la kupereka miyala. Mmalo mwa mtengo wa Khirisimasi ndi minda yamaluwa, anthu am'deralo amawotcha moto waukulu wa spruce ndi eucalyptus m'mabwalo akuluakulu a mizinda, pogwiritsa ntchito mtengo wolimba ngati maziko. Mkuluwu, kutalika kwa moto wotere kumatha kufika mamita 6. Kawirikawiri, aliyense amayesetsa kumudikirira kuti ayang'ane ndikuyang'ana pamwamba pake. Izi zikusonyeza malo omwe zokolola zazikulu zidzakhala. Mu Enkutatash aborigines amavina, kuvina ndi kupanga matebulo ndi mbale zachikhalidwe.
- Meskel ndi chikondwerero chachipembedzo ku Ethiopia, chokondwerera pa 27 Septemba (kapena pa 28 pa chaka chotsatira). Dzina la chochitikacho limatanthauza "mtanda". Malinga ndi nthano, tsiku lomwelo amayi a Emperor wa Byzantium Elena anapeza ku Yerusalemu chikhristu - kupachikidwa komwe Yesu Khristu adafa. Pambuyo pake, adawotcha moto wamoto, ndipo lawi la moto linakwera kumwamba kuti liwoneke ngakhale m'mayiko a ku Africa. Aboriginal amachita izi makamaka. Mwachitsanzo, ku Addis Ababa, anthu amakhala pamtunda wozungulira maluwa a chikasu, amamangapo makonzedwe a khunyu, amapemphera ndikuwona zochitika za ophunzira a Sande sukulu, komanso amawotcha moto umene umaimira dzuwa, kutentha ndi kuwala.
- Kulubi Gabriel ndi Tsiku la Gabriel , limene likukondedwa pa December 28th. Mngelo wamkulu uyu ndi wodalirika wotchuka kwambiri ndi Aitiopiya Achikhristu. Okhulupirira amapita kukachisi ndikuthokoza woyera mtima, kumupempha thandizo, kuchita malumbiro ake komanso kubweretsa zopereka (maambulera ndi makandulo osiyanasiyana). Ansembe amagulitsa mphatso izi, koma amathandiza osauka ndi ndalama zomwe amapeza. Pa tsiku la Kulubi Gabriel, ana opitirira 100 amalowa mwambo wobatizidwa, amalandira mayina ofanana ndi holide.