Mkhalidwe wotero monga kukhumudwa wakula kwambiri mu dziko lamakono. Izi ndi chifukwa chakuti munthu amayesera kukwaniritsa zambiri, koma izi sizigwira ntchito nthawi zonse. Zotsatira zake, kumverera kwa kusakhutira kumafika mu vuto la maganizo , lomwe limatchedwa kukhumudwa. Katswiri wa zamaganizo wathanzi ayenera kuthetsa vutoli.
Kukhumudwa - ndi chiyani ichi?
Kukhumudwa ndi chiwonetsero cha maganizo, monga zochitika zomwe zimayambitsidwa ndi mavuto osalephera. Zimapezeka pamene munthu sangakwanitse kukwaniritsa zolinga zake kapena kupeza zomwe akufuna. Chikhalidwe chapadera chakumverera chimayambitsidwa ndi zolepheretsa kunja kapena mikangano yaumwini. Kusakhala ndi mwayi wokhutiritsa chikhumbo chirichonse kumabweretsa zotsatira zotsatirazi:
- kuda nkhawa;
- mkwiyo;
- chokhumudwitsa;
- kukwiya.
Ngati munthu akhalabe mu dziko lino kwa nthawi yaitali, akhoza kuthana ndi kusokoneza kwathunthu kwa ntchito zake. Mawu omwe amakhumudwa nawo amakhalanso osowa. Icho chimayimira mkhalidwe waumaganizo, kuwonetseredwa mwa mawonekedwe a kusasamala ndi kukhumudwa. Munthu amayesera kupeza tanthauzo la moyo, koma palibe. Pali kumverera kwachabechabe mu dziko lino ndi kupanda chikhumbo chochita chinachake. Munthu amayesetsa kutanthauzira, koma satero. Choncho, kukhumudwa, kukhumudwa ndi zina zoterezi zikuwonekera.
Kukhumudwa mu Psychology
Kuyamba kukhumudwa kumachitika chifukwa cha kusiyana pakati pa zofuna ndi zenizeni. Kukhumudwa m'maganizo ndi mkhalidwe weniweni wa psyche, kumene kuyembekezera kosayenera kumakhala ngati chinyengo, kugonjetsedwa, malingaliro ndi zolinga zosatheka. Lingaliro la akatswiri a maganizo ndilosiyana kwambiri.
- Malingana ndi kutanthauzira kwa tanthawuzo la Farber ndi Brown, kusokonezeka kwa mpumulo wamalingaliro chifukwa cha kulepheretsa ndi kuimitsa zomwe zimayembekezeredwa.
- Lawson akufotokoza kuti ndizosiyana pakati pa zinthu ziwiri, cholinga ndi zotsatira.
- Childe ndi Waterhouse amafotokozera kukhumudwa monga chinthu chomwe chimakhala chotchinga.
Chodabwitsa chotero ngati chisokonezo chimaonedwa kuti ndi chochitika m'malingaliro mwa munthu, chomwe chiri ndi zotsatira zowawa kwambiri pa psyche yomwe imapha umunthu wa munthuyo. N'zotheka kuonjezera nkhanza zoopsa komanso kuoneka kovuta kwambiri . Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti vuto lomwelo likhoza kuchitika kwa aliyense, ndipo palibe choyenera kukhala nacho.
Kukhumudwa mu Socialology
Potsutsidwa ndi zovuta, munthu amayamba kuwonetseredwa ndi anthu omwe sali osiyana ndi khalidwe lake loyambirira. Iye ndi wankhanza ndipo amayesa kukopa ena. Kuwonetseredwa kwaukali ndi chiwonongeko ndi njira yapadera ya kukhumudwa, komwe kumawopsyeza kusagwirizana pakati pa anthu. Kusokonezeka kwa anthu ndi chifukwa cha zinthu zovuta:
- chikhalidwe;
- kusintha kwa mapangidwe a bungwe;
- zovuta zaumwini;
- kusowa zifukwa zogwirira ntchito;
- luso lokwanira luso la luso ndi luso.
Kukhumudwa - zomwe zimayambitsa
Zomwe zimayambitsa kusokonezeka zingakhale zosiyana. Chidziwikiritso cha dzikoli ndi chakuti zingayambidwe ngakhale ndi zinthu zosafunikira za maganizo. Zazikulu ndi izi:
- kusowa maziko oyenerera kuti akwanitse zolinga zawo;
- mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zoperewera;
- amakangana onse mkati-anthu komanso anthu;
- zovuta zosiyanasiyana.
Ngati munthu alibe njira, chidziwitso kapena maluso kuti agwiritse ntchito mapulani, kudzidalira kwake kwachepetsedwa kwambiri. Izi zimakhudza khalidwe lake loposa ndipo zingayambitse kukhumudwa. Chifukwa china cha malingaliro osalongosoka ndizo mikangano yomwe nthawi zambiri silingathetse, ndipo munthu sapeza njira yothetsera vutoli.
Kukhumudwa - zizindikiro
Zizindikiro za kukhumudwa mwa munthu aliyense zimawonetsedwa m'njira zosiyanasiyana. Mu psychology, mawuwo akufotokozedwa ngati vuto lalikulu la maganizo lomwe limakhala ndi zolephereka nthawi zonse. Pa nthawi yomweyi, zikhoza kukhala zomveka komanso zongoganizira zomwe sizingakwanitse zolinga. Mndandanda wa zizindikiro zazikulu zikuphatikizapo:
- nkhawa;
- kupsinjika maganizo;
- kusakhutira limodzi ndi moyo komanso payekha;
- kuchepa kwa thupi ndi maganizo;
- kudzimva chisoni;
- kukhumudwa.
Aliyense akhoza kukhumudwa mwa njira yake, koma mofananamo kumatsogolera ku kuphwanya mkhalidwe wamaganizo . Zikuwonekeratu kuti chomwe chimayambitsa nkhawayi chingakhale chilichonse kuchokera pamwambapa, koma chikhalidwe cha munthuyo chingakhale chosiyana ndi chimzake: wina ali ndi "mantha", ndipo wina amakhala womasuka.
Kusiyana pakati pa kukhumudwa ndi kupsinjika
Kukhumudwa ndi kupanikizika ndizosiyana kwambiri ndikusiyana ndi wina ndi mnzake, koma nthawi zambiri zimagwirizana. Kupsinjika maganizo kungatenge kukhumudwa, chifukwa kuli kolimba. Kusiyanitsa kwake kulipo chifukwa chakuti mavuto omwe amapanga angathe kuthana ndi kuthetsedwa. Zonsezi zikutchulidwa pazomwe zimakhala zochitika pamtima. Kupanikizika ndi chikhalidwe chomwe chikukhudzana ndi zododometsa zina. Izi zikuphatikizapo:
- chisoni chachikulu kapena chimwemwe;
- chisangalalo mwadzidzidzi;
- kuwuka kwa zinthu zoopsa pamoyo;
- mantha a zosadziwika.
Kukhumudwa ndi kutaya
Kukhumudwa kumabwera chifukwa chosakhutira ndi kusowa mwayi wopezera zomwe mukufuna. Kutsitsimula kumawonekera mwa mawonekedwe a kutopa kwakukulu, zonse zamakhalidwe ndi zakuthupi. Mawonetseredwe oterewa amachokera ku mphamvu yaikulu ya kupanikizika, kutayika kapena kukhumudwa pa chirichonse. Chikhalidwe chikhoza kukhala kwa miyezi. Zimathandizidwa ndi kusokonezeka ndipo zimabweretsa mavuto ambiri. Iwo amadziwonetsera okha enieni mu chirichonse. Mu ma prostration, munthu ali ndi zizindikiro zotere:
- kusowa chidwi m'moyo;
- kusowa chilakolako cholankhulana ndi ena;
- kusasamala.
Kukhumudwa mu maubwenzi
Mkhalidwe wachisoni umasamutsidwa ku mbali zonse za moyo, kuphatikizapo maubwenzi. Chifukwa cha kupsinjika maganizo, munthu sangamvere mnzanu wina, samanyalanyaza mawu ake ndikuganiza za mavuto ake. Zonsezi zimayambitsa kuthetsa ubale. Munthuyo amakwiya ndi chilengedwe ndipo amasonyeza kuti ali ndi nkhanza. Iye wataya mtima, akuchoka mwa iye yekha ndipo akukhala movutikira. Mu mgwirizano muli mikangano, kukangana, kusamvetsetsana, komwe popanda njira yothetsera vutoli amawawononga.
Kusokonezeka kwa Chikondi
Kukhumudwa kwa chikondi ndi mkhalidwe wamaganizo, mwa mawonekedwe a zochitika, zomwe zingabwere chifukwa cha kusokonezana. Mayiko oterewa amakhala ndi chikhalidwe mwa anthu omwe amakopeka ku chinthucho chifukwa chofooka, osati mphamvu zawo ndi chidaliro chawo. Munthu ambiri amakumana ndi chibwenzi pamene akudalira mnzako pamaganizo. Zimakhalanso ngati palibe zotsatira zoyenera, mnzanuyo amene akuyembekezera. Zikuwonekera mwa mawonekedwe a zizindikiro zotere:
- chisokonezo;
- kupweteka;
- kuda nkhawa;
- nkhawa;
- kumverera kosakhutira.
Kukhumudwa kwa kugonana
Kukhumudwa mu kugonana ndi mbali yosiyana mu maganizo. Ndiko kusakhala kwokhutira ndi kugonana. Munthu sangathe kukhala ndi chikhutiro pamaganizo, kapena kuchokera ku chiyanjano cha thupi ndi mnzanu. Kukhumudwa kwa kugonana ndiko kupsinjika kwa maganizo, kukhumudwitsidwa.
Mkhalidwe wokhumudwitsidwa kwa amuna omwe ali ndi chiwerewere chogonana ukhoza kuwuka ngati iwo akuyembekeza zotsatira zosiyana, koma sanazilandire. Mwachitsanzo, mwamuna amafuna kuwona chinachake chapadera pabedi, ndipo kugonana kunakhala koletsedwa. Azimayi ali ndi maganizo omwewo. Pakhoza kukhala mantha , mantha , ndi zochitika zosiyanasiyana.
Kodi mungatani mukakumana ndi mavuto?
Musanayambe kukhumudwa, muyenera kudziwa zomwe zimayambitsa. Polimbana ndi vutoli, ndibwino kupempha thandizo kwa katswiri wamaganizo. Kuti kumverera kwa prostration kunkalamulidwa kunja, ndikofunikira kuchita zosavuta zovuta.
- Chinthu choyamba chimene munthu ayenera kuchita ndi kuyang'ana zonse kuchokera kunja ndikuyesa kukula kwa mavuto ake.
- Ganizirani kufunikira kwa zolinga zosadziwika.
- Pangani ndondomeko ngati zolinga zake zili zofunika kwambiri.
- Yesani kuvomereza kuti palibe chimene chikuchitika msanga.
- Nthawi yochuluka yopereka zosangalatsa ndi kupumula.
Chitani chinthu chofunikira kwa inu nokha. Kwa lingaliro la kukhumudwa kwamuyaya kuchoka pa moyo wa munthu, ndikofunikira kuti mutha kukhala wosakhutira kwambiri. Katswiri wa zamaganizo wodziwa bwino nthawi zonse amatha kuzindikira chifukwa chake, ndipo molondola amatha kupanga ndondomeko yotuluka kunja kwa chikhalidwe ngati chisokonezo. Ngati munthu akuzindikira kuti kukwaniritsa zolinga zomwe zilipo ndizoona, sangathenso kulowa m'maganizo ovuta.