Kugonana - ndi chiyani, mitundu yake, zizindikiro, momwe mungafotokozere?

M'dziko lamakono, kugonana kwa anthu kawirikawiri kumakhala kochititsa manyazi, pamene anthu anayamba kuvomereza poyera kuti "sali ngati wina aliyense". Zidzakhala zosangalatsa kudziwa mtundu wa zochitikazo, zomwe zimaonedwa kuti ndizofunikira, ndi kupotoka kotani, ndi momwe kupangidwira kwake kumachitikira.

Kodi kugonana ndi chiyani?

Kugonana kumaphatikizapo zigawo zinayi zikuluzikulu: kugonana, chidziwitso cha amai, chikhalidwe cha abambo ndi kugonana. Pansi pa chigawo chotsatira kumamveka kumangokhalira kuganiza, kugonana ndi kugonana kwa munthu wina ndi mnzake. Pakhoza kukhala kugonana kwa heterere, homo-, bi-ndi mitundu ina. Palibe chilichonse chimene chimatengedwa kuti ndi matenda a maganizo kapena matenda. Munthu akhoza kuzindikira kapena kukana zofuna zake.

Mitundu yogonana

Ambiri amakhulupiliranso kuti pali mitundu itatu yokha yowunikira, koma izi sizinanso zambiri. Mndandanda wa zofuna zogonana nthawi zonse umabweretsanso ndipo mwachitsanzo ndizotheka kuthetsa mitunduyi:

1. Asexuals . Anthu omwe samva chilakolako chogonana, ngakhale amatha kuyamikira chidwi cha ena.
2. Sapioexuals . Imodzi mwa mitundu yochititsa chidwi kwambiri yowunikira, monga momwe anthu amasangalalira ndi luso la alangizi awo. Mwa njira, pali akazi ambiri pakati pa amuna osakwatirana kuposa amuna.
3. Panseksualy . Zizindikiro za kugonana pakati pa amai ndi abambo - kukopa kwa anthu amtundu uliwonse kapena anthu osamvera. Panseksualov ndi chidwi kwambiri ndi makhalidwe omwe ali nawo ndi zomwe akumva pamene akulankhulana. Kwa iwo, kuyandikana kwa uzimu ndikofunika kwambiri kuposa chidziwitso cha kugonana.
4. Aromantics . Anthu omwe ali ndi chilakolako chogonana amakhala ndi chidwi chogonana, koma maganizo ndi malingaliro awo sizothandiza. Nthaŵi zambiri, amangotulutsa zibwenzi zokhazikika, chifukwa sagwirizanitsidwe ndi zojambulidwa.

Kugonana kwachikhalidwe

Ngati munthu amangofuna kugonana ndi amuna okhaokha, amalingalira kuti ali ndi kugonana kwa amuna kapena akazi okhaokha. Mitundu imeneyi ndi yaikulu. Hetero-yachizolowezi chogonana, chomwe chimaonedwa kuti n'cholondola. Izi zikufotokozedwa ndi mfundo yakuti padziko lonse lapansi nyama zogonana amuna kapena akazi okhaokha zimakhala zosaoneka, ndipo mwa iwo omwe ali pachibwenzi nthawi zambiri samangokondana wina ndi mzake, koma amawonetsa kuti akukangana pazolimbana ndi bwenzi labwino.

Kusagwirizana ndi kugonana

Mtundu umenewu umaphatikizapo kugonana komanso kugonana . Pachiyambi choyamba, anthu amakopeka ndi anthu ogonana, ndipo chachiwiri - kwa oimira onse awiriwa. Poyamba, amakhulupirira kuti anthu omwe alibe chikhalidwe chawo chogonana amakhala ndi zosokonekera m'maganizo. Kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 1900, katswiri wa zamaganizo a Havelock Ellis adatsimikizira kuti kugonana kwa amuna kapena akazi okhaokha kumakhala kosavomerezeka, choncho izi ndi zina mwazofunikira.

Kukonzekera kugonana

Pali maonekedwe osiyanasiyana a momwe lingaliro limapangidwira, ndipo ambiri a iwo ali olakwika. Asayansi atsimikizira kuti kugonana sikungasinthe chifukwa cha khalidwe lolakwika la makolo, mantha okhumudwa ndi zina zotero. Kuti mumvetse zomwe zimayambitsa kugonana, maphunziro apangidwa pakupanga kamwana m'mimba.

Asayansi amakhulupirira kuti masabata asanu ndi limodzi ndi asanu ndi atatu atatha kutenga mimba, mahomoni ochuluka amalowa m'mimba, yomwe ndi yofunika kuti apange maonekedwe a kugonana komanso momwe ubongo umakhalira. Gawo loyambirira la iwo likupita ku chitukuko cha makhalidwe achiwerewere, ndi zonse zomwe zatsala - pakukonzekera kwa ubongo. Ngati kuchuluka kwa mahomoni sikukwanira, ndiye kuti pali kusintha kwa kugonana. Zomwe zimayambitsa kuperewera kwa mahomoni: nkhawa , matenda komanso kumwa mankhwala ena m'miyezi iwiri yoyamba. mimba.

Kodi mungadziwe bwanji za kugonana?

Asayansi ndi akatswiri oganiza zamaganizo ku America anachita kafukufuku zomwe zinapangitsa zotsatira zowoneka bwino. Tanthauzo la kugonana lingathe kuchitika kutalika kwa zala pa mkono. Zotsatira zake, ziganizo zotsatirazi zidatengedwa:

1. Amaliseche - mphete yake yayitali kuposa index index.
2. Atsikana omwe ali ndi ziwalo zogonana amuna kapena akazi okhaokha - osatchulidwa ndi chithunzi chala ali ndi kutalika kofanana.
3. Masewera - cholembera chala ndizitali kuposa chala chake chosatchulidwe.
4. Anyamata omwe ali ndi malingaliro osiyana - kutalika kwa mpheteyo ndikutalika kuposa chingwe chachindunji.

Kulowera kugonana

Mu 1985, Fritz Klein, kuti athe kudziwa bwino momwe anthu akuyendera, adakonza mbali zitatu zomwe zimaganizira zochitika zogonana ndi zozizwitsa nthawi zitatu: pakalipano, m'tsogolo ndi m'mbuyomu. Gulu la Klein la kugonana limathandiza kuona kusiyana kwa kugonana m'moyo. Zitsulo zitatuzi ziyenera kudzazidwa ndi mfundo zoyambira 1 mpaka 7 pa gawo lililonse. Pokudzaza ndi koyenera kulingalira kuti, popeza kugaya sikukutanthawuza chikhalidwe, ndiye kuti ma graph omwe akugwirizana angasiyidwe opanda kanthu.

Kawirikawiri, iwo amawonetsedwa pa masikelo osiyanasiyana, iwo amapezedwa mosagwirizana. Amatha kuponyedwa pazithunzi zitatu (zam'mbuyo, zamtsogolo ndi zam'mbuyo), ndipo ndalamazo zimagawidwa ndi zitatu. Kuti mudziwe chiwerengero cha hetero / kugonana kwa amuna kapena akazi okhaokha, pezani chiwerengero cha zizindikiro zonse za ma grafu onse ndi kuzigawaniza ndi chiwerengero cha maselo odzaza, omwe angakhale 21 kapena osachepera. Kukhalitsa kugonana kumakhala ndi magawo awa:

1. Kukopa pa chiwerewere - anthu, ndi chibwenzi chiti chomwe chimakondweretsa ndi kukopa thupi?
2. Chiwerewere ndi kugonana kwa enieni ogonana nawo, ndiko kuti, omwe akukumana ndi thupi: kumpsompsona, kukumbatirana ndi kugwirizana.
3. Kuganiza za kugonana - kodi anthu amagonana ndi mtundu wanji mumaganizo anu okhudzana ndi kugonana?
4. Zomwe mumakonda - ndi abwenzi anu omwe mumakhala nawo pafupi?
5. Zomwe anthu amakonda - zomwe anthu amakonda kuti muzilankhulana, ntchito ndi kugwiritsa ntchito nthawi yanu yaulere?
6. Moyo - Kodi mumakhala nthawi ndi anthu omwe ali ndi zosiyana zogonana.
7. Kudzidziwitsira - kodi mumatanthauzira bwanji chikhalidwe chanu?

Kugonana kwaumulungu

Ponena izi, timatanthauza matenda a maganizo omwe munthu amakamba za chilakolako chake chofuna kusintha chikhalidwe chake. Kulephereka sikukukhudzidwa ndi kayendedwe kokha, koma kufunika kosintha machitidwe, zochitika ndi zowonongeka. Ziwerengero zimasonyeza kuti zovuta zoterezi zokhudzana ndi kugonana zimapezeka nthawi zambiri ogonana amuna kapena akazi okhaokha omwe sangavomereze kukopa kwawo chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa anthu.

Pofufuza matendawa, kufufuza kumachitidwa pa kugonana, kudziwongolera komanso kugwirizanitsa anthu, komanso maphunziro a zachipatala ndi a maganizo kuti asagwiritse ntchito matenda aakulu. Kuti zogonana zivomerezedwe, chithandizochi chikugwiritsidwa ntchito poonjezera chikhalidwe cha anthu ndi kugonana. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya psychotherapy imagwiritsidwa ntchito.

Odyera ndi anthu omwe si achikhalidwe chogonana

Popeza kuti anthu amatha chaka chilichonse ndi ochepetsedwa kwambiri kwa oimira zachiwerewere, oimba, opanga mafilimu, ojambula a Hollywood omwe sagwirizana ndi kugonana amakhala akuvomereza izi. Tiyeni tiyang'ane ku kuvomereza komwe kunachititsa kuti anthu ayambe kusokonezeka:

1. Elton John - poyamba adayankhula za kayendedwe kawo ka 1976.
2. Ellen Degeneres - mu 1997 kunali magazini, pachivundikiro chomwe chinali chithunzi chotsogolera ndi kuvomereza.
3. Tom Ford , pokambirana ndi magazini yodziwika bwino, adalankhula za ubale wake wautali ndi mkonzi wamkulu wa magazini a Women's Wear Daily.
4. Stefano Gabbano ndi Domenico Dolce ndi otchuka kwambiri, akhala akugwirizana kwa zaka zoposa 15, koma tsopano ali ndi anzawo.
5. Adam Lambert - sanabisire kugonana kwake.