Hepatomegaly - ndi chiyani, ndi momwe angapulumutsire chiwindi?

Maphunziro a chifuwa cha thupi m'thupi nthawi zambiri amaphatikizidwa ndi kukula kwa chiwindi. Kawirikawiri chifukwa cha vutoli ndi matenda komanso kutupa. Potsirizira pake, madokotala alemba "hepatomegaly", ndi chiani-sikuti nthawi zonse amawafotokozera odwala.

Hepatomegaly - ndi chiyani?

Powona pakati pa ziganizo zomwezo, kodi hepatomegaly ndi chiyani - odwala akuyesera kupeza kuchokera kwa dokotala yemwe akupezekapo. Liwu limeneli nthawi zambiri limagwiritsidwa ntchito kutanthauza kusintha kwa kukula kwa chiwindi chachikulu. Njirayi imaphatikizapo kusintha kwakukulu m'thupi la chiwalo. Pa nthawi yomweyi, chiwindi chomwecho chimatha kupangidwa mosavuta m'dera la hypochondrium (kawirikawiri izi sizingatheke).

Hepatomegaly sichikudziwika ngati matenda osiyana, koma ndi mawonetseredwe kapena chizindikiro cha momwe thupi limagwirira ntchito. Tiyenera kudziwa kuti chiwindi chimapangidwa ndi magawo awiri, kotero madokotala akhoza kusonyeza kuti ndi yani yomwe yakhudzidwa - kumanzere kapena kumanja. Miyeso yeniyeni yeniyeni imatha kudziwika ndi ultrasound. Kawirikawiri lobe yolondola imakhala ndi usinkhu wa masentimita 12, ndipo kumanzere - masentimita 7. Kuwonjezera pa izi zimatchedwa hepatomegaly.

Hepatomegaly - Zimayambitsa

Ngati chiwindi chikuwonjezeka, zifukwa zomwe sizikudziwikiratu kwa dokotala, ziyenera kuwerengedwa bwino. Zimachokera pa njira za hardware, zomwe zimaphatikizidwa ndi kafukufuku wa laboratori. Zina mwa zifukwa zazikulu zomwe zimapangitsa kusintha kwa kukula kwa chiwindi, madokotala amachitcha kuti:

1. Matenda owopsa a chiwindi - chimfine , chiwindi cha chiwindi , zinthu zoopsa, chiwerewere cha chiwindi. Zikatero, thupi limayamba kutukumuka, limatuluka. Komabe, pakufa kwa matenda, imfa ya maselo a hepatocyte imapezeka. Pambuyo pake, chiwalocho chimagwiritsa ntchito miyeso yake yakale kwa kanthaŵi, koma kenako kudzoza kwa maselo amtundu wa voids omwe amapangidwa pamalo pomwewo amapezeka. Matenda a collagenous amakula mofulumira, omwe amachititsa kuti chiwindi chiwonjezeke mobwerezabwereza.
2. Matenda osokoneza bongo amatsenga - glycogenesis, hemochromatosis. Pa matenda oyamba pali kuphwanya glycogen kaphatikizidwe, omwe amadziwika ndi kulephera kuwonetsa chitsulo. Zotsatira zake, microelement imapezekanso parenchyma ndipo imabweretsa kutupa kwake.
3. Matenda a mtima. Chifukwa cha zolakwa zoterezi, chiwonongeko choopsa cha chiwindi chimawoneka, chifukwa cha chiwalocho chimakhala chosasangalatsa.

Zina mwazifukwa ndizo:

• mafuta;
• maonekedwe a metastases mu chiwalo mu zotupa;
• kupezeka kwa mitsempha yodetsa;
• kuphwanya njira zamagetsi;
• kuyang'anira za poizoni.

Nthendayi ya hepatomegaly

Polimbana ndi zomwe zimayambitsa zotsutsana ndi hepatomegaly, ndi chiyani, ndikofunikira kudzipatula mitundu yakeyo. Kutulukira kwa hepatomegaly mwachangu pachiwindi kumasonyezedwa pamene mawonekedwe a ultrasound amasonyeza kuwonjezeka kosafunikira kwa chiwalo. Kusintha kumakhudza magawo kapena magawo ena. Mwachitsanzo, hepatomegaly ya chiwindi chowongolera bwino nthawi zambiri amachotsedwa ndi mawu akuti "kuwonjezeka kwapadera" kwa chiwalo. Akulingalira kuti kuphwanya dokotala kumatha kumagwiritsidwa ntchito.

Komabe, chidziwitso chomaliza chimapangidwa malinga ndi deta ya ultrasound . Ngati nthenda yotchedwa hepatomegaly ikuyamba (yomwe ndi yomwe yanenedwa pamwambapa), chidziwitso chachikulu cha kukhalapo kwake ndiko kusokonezeka kwa minofu ya homogeneity. Ndi kufufuza mwatsatanetsatane, kansalu, mascidom, ndi zotupa zimatha kudziwika, zomwe zimatsimikizirika mwachindunji kusintha kwa tsankho, chizindikiro cha kuwonjezeka kwa njira yakudwala.

Kufalitsa chiwindi

Kuwonjezeka kwa chiwindi kufika ku 12-13 masentimita mu munthu wamkulu kumatchulidwa ndi mawu akuti "kufalitsa hepatomegaly". Pachifukwa ichi, kusintha kumatha kuwonetseredwa mu ziwalo zilizonse zagulu: kumanzere kapena kumanja komweko, njira yopezera magazi, ma ducts. Kusintha kwakukulu kumachitika m'mbali iliyonse ya thupi. Kuti chitukuko cha mtundu uwu chitheke, magulu opatsirana amagwiritsidwa ntchito, monga staphylococcus ndi streptococcus. Kuwonetsetsa kwakukulu kwa matendawa ndiko kupweteka kosavuta kumbali, kumapereka kwa dera lachigawo ndi dzanja.

Hepatomegaly ndi mtundu wa hepatosis

Nthawi zina, kuwonjezeka kwa chiwindi kumawoneka ngati mtundu wa mafuta a hepatosis. Pakuti mtundu uwu wa matendawa umakhala ndi kuchepa kwa maselo a chiwindi kukhala mafuta. Matendawa amapezeka pamene mafuta ochuluka amatha kupezeka mu hepatocytes. Matendawa ndi chifukwa cha kudya kwa mafuta kwa nthawi yaitali, ndipo amatha kupezeka pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala.

Kawirikawiri, poizoni zonse zomwe zimalowa m'thupi zimadutsa m'chiwindi, zimachotsedwa ku mafuta ophweka. Komabe, chifukwa chakuti chakudya chambiri chimalowa m'thupi, mafuta ochulukirapo amayamba kusonkhanitsa m'maselo a hepatocytes, zomwe zimayambitsa chitukuko cha hepatomegaly. Matendawa ali pang'onopang'ono. Chodetsa nkhaŵa makamaka kwa madokotala ndi chiopsezo chachikulu cha kuchepa kwa maselowa. Kuperewera kwa mankhwala abwino kwa mafuta a shuga kumadza ndi chitukuko cha matenda a chiwindi ndi chiwindi.

Kukulitsa kwa chiwindi - zizindikiro

Zizindikiro za hepatomegaly zimabisika panthawi yoyamba. Kuwonjezeka pang'ono kwa limba kungakhale kosadziŵika kwa nthawi yaitali. Kuonjezera apo, zizindikiro za hepatomegaly (zomwe zidafotokozedwa pamwambapa) zimakhala chifukwa cha matenda, zomwe zinapangitsa kuti chiwalo chiwonjezeke (hepatomegaly ndi chiyani). Ndi chipatala chovomerezeka, matendawa amatha kuwoneka ndi palpation, mwa mawonekedwe a mimba. Pofuna kupeza matenda oyamba, madokotala amagwiritsa ntchito palpation (kuyesa) ndi kukambirana. Komabe, kukulitsa kwa chiwindi chodziŵika bwino ndi njira zoterezi ndi kovuta kufotokoza.

Pofunsa wodwala, kusonkhanitsa anamnesis, madokotala amadziwa kuti pali zizindikiro zotsatirazi za hepatomegaly:

1. Zowawa, kumverera kwa chinthu chachilendo, mtanda kumbali yoyenera, zomwe zimakweza ndi kusintha thupi la thupi.
2. Kuwonekera kwa khungu la khungu monga ma asterisk, kuyabwa.
3. Kukwanira kwa madzi m'ziwalo za m'mimba.
4. Khungu la khungu (nthawi zambiri ndi matenda a chiwindi).
5. Kusokonezeka kwa njira zakuthupi ( kudzimbidwa ).
6. Kuwonjezeka mwadzidzidzi kukula kwa mimba.
7. Kutentha kwa nthawi zonse ndi maonekedwe a mpweya woipa.
8. Nausea.

Hepatomegaly yochepa

Kuwonjezeka pang'ono m'chiwindi kungapezeke kokha pothandizidwa ndi makina a ultrasound. Mankhwala a hepatomegaly amadziwika bwino nthawi zambiri, ndipo zizindikiro zomwe zilipo zowonongeka zimagwirizana kwambiri ndi chithunzi cha matenda omwe chiwindi chawonjezeka. Matenda ofanana ndi amenewa amapezeka mwa anthu omwe amamwa mowa kwambiri. Kudandaula kwakukulu ndiko kupweteka kwa hypochondrium yoyenera ya munthu wosakhala wamuyaya. Zizindikiro zina za hepatomegaly zochepa nthawi zambiri sizipezeka. Matendawa amachokera ku zotsatira za ultrasound ndi CT.

Anatchulidwa hepatomegaly

Maonekedwe a hepatomegaly ndi chizindikiro cha matenda, koma kusintha kwa chiwindi. Izi zimakhazikitsidwa chifukwa cha kuphwanya monga hemoblastosis, khansa ya m'magazi, yomwe imakhala ndi mphamvu yowopsa ya chiwindi ndi maselo owopsa. Chifukwa cha kusintha koteroko, kufalikira kwa kuchuluka kwa minofu yothandizira, fociis ya necrosis. Chiwindi chimadzera kukula kwakukulu, kumakhala ndi buku lalikulu m'mimba.

Zizindikiro za kuchuluka kwa chiwindi ziwoneka ndipo ziri ndi diso lakuda: mimba imakhala yayikulu, yosagwirizana. Kuwonjezeka kumatchulidwa kwambiri kumbali yoyenera. Ndi hepatomegaly yoopsa pa ultrasound, madokotala amafufuza:

• kukula kwa limba;
• chithunzi;
• mikwingwirima ya chiwindi.

Echo zizindikiro za hepatomegaly

Pofufuza ziwalo za m'mimba, kutulutsa ultrasound, adokotala amawona kuchuluka kwa chiwindi. Panthawi imodzimodziyo mvetserani zizindikiro za matenda, zomwe zikuwonetsa chifukwa chothetsera vutoli. Pamene hepatomegaly imayambitsa matenda a chiwindi, matenda opatsirana, chiwindi cha chiwindi chimakhala ndi maonekedwe ofanana. Ndi matenda a hepatosis, matenda a chiwindi, matenda aakulu a hepatitis, ehostruktura ndi osagwirizana: kuphatikiza, kuphwanya, kuphwanya mabala ndi ndondomeko ya chiwalo, kusintha kwa mawonekedwe ake kuli koyenera.

Hepatomegaly - ndiziyeso ziti zomwe ndiyenera kutenga?

Kukhalapo kwa zizindikiro za kuwonjezeka kwa chiwindi ndi chisonyezero cha kupenda mozama wodwala. Motero, chiwindi chodziwika bwino cha hepatomegaly chingatsimikizidwe motengera zotsatira zake:

• kuyesa magazi (thymol test, bilirubin , ALT, AST, mapuloteni onse);
• chiwerengero cha tomography cha mimba yamimba;
• mafilimu;
• Kusanthula chiyeso cha ntchito ya chiwindi, kuyesa magazi.

Hepatomegaly - momwe mungachiritse?

Pamapeto a chithandizo cha "hepatomegaly" chimapangidwa payekha, malinga ndi chifukwa cha kuphwanya. Thandizo ndilo kuthetseratu vutoli komanso kulimbana ndi mawonetseredwe a chipatala. Mankhwala ovuta a hepatomegaly akuphatikizapo:

• kuchepa zochitika;
• mankhwala opatsirana;
• kumamatira ku chakudya chapadera.

Hepatomegaly - ndi mankhwala ati omwe angatenge?

Mankhwala aliwonse omwe ali ndi chiwindi chowonjezereka ayenera kusankhidwa mwachindunji ndi yekha ndi dokotala. Maziko a mankhwala osokoneza bongo a hepatomegaly ndi hepatoprotectors. Mwa mankhwala odziwika a gulu ili:

• Chiwonetsero;
• Mchitidwe;
• Resalute Pro;
• Chofunika;
• Phosphogliv .

Pamene hepatomegaly imayamba chifukwa cha poizoni m'thupi, madokotala amapereka antchito osokoneza bongo:

• mchere ndi mapuloteni njira (sodium kloridi, Regidron);
• zigawo za magazi (plasma).

Ngati chiwindi chikulitsidwa chifukwa cha matenda, antibacterial therapy akulamulidwa:

• Rifampicin;
• Neomycin;
• Metronidazole;
• Vancomycin.

Monga njira zowonjezera kuti chitetezo cha thupi chikhalebe, ma immunomodulator ndi immunostimulants amagwiritsidwa ntchito:

• Interferon;
• Immunomax;
• Zachilombo.

Kukulitsa kwa chiwindi - mankhwala ndi mankhwala ochiritsira

Ngati chiwindi chikuwonjezeka, chithandizocho chiyenera kuchitika pokhapokha kuyang'aniridwa ndi dokotala, malinga ndi zomwe adanena. Monga mankhwala owonjezera, madokotala amaloledwa kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ochizira. Kugwira ntchito mu hepatomegaly ndi:

Mankhwala Amitsamba

Zosakaniza:

• Leonurus - supuni 1;
• msuzi - supuni 1;
• mizu ya dandelion - supuni 1;
• peoni - supuni 1;
• madzi - 500 ml.

Kukonzekera, ntchito

1. Zitsamba zimasakanizidwa, kutsanulira ndi madzi ndi kuyaka moto.
2. Bweretsani kwa chithupsa ndi kuzizira pa moto wochepa kwa mphindi 15.
3. Manga ndi kutseka kwa maola atatu.
4. Sakanizani ndikutenga masana m'malo mowa.

Chakumwa Chakuda

Zosakaniza:

• wokondedwa - 2 tsp;
• madzi a mandimu - 2 tsp.
• madzi - 200 ml.

Kukonzekera, ntchito

1. Zonse zosakanizidwa mosamala.
2. Tengani kawiri pa tsiku, m'mawa ndi madzulo.

Hepatomegaly - zakudya

Kuuza odwala za matenda a hepatomegaly, chomwe chiri, madokotala amadziwa kufunika kokonzanso zakudyazo. Kudya ndi kuchuluka kwa chiwindi kumapangitsa kuti kuchepa kwa zakudya za mafuta ndi zolemetsa za chakudya. Amapereka chakudya chisanu ndi choletsa pa kusankha mankhwala. Chiwindi chikakula:

• masamba;
• nsomba zonenepa;
• masamba, amadyera, zipatso;
• tirigu;
• nkhuku nyama, ng'ombe;
• supu.

Chizindikiro cha zakudya mu hepatomegaly ndikutsatira boma, makamaka madzulo. Chakudya chiyenera kuchitika pasanafike 7 koloko masana, ndipo nthawi yomwe chakudya pakati pa tsiku chiyenera kukhala maola 2.5-3. Ndikofunikira kuchotsa pa zakudya:

• bata;
• margarine;
• mazira (osaposa awiri pa sabata);
• sausage mankhwala;
• mafuta;
• nyemba;
• anyezi;
• zamasamba;
• chakudya chokazinga;
• mchere wa phwetekere;
• chisangalalo;
• chokoleti.