Dahlias - kubzala ndi kusamalira kunja, malangizo kwa alimi

Kukongoletsedwa kwabwino kwa maluwa ambiri ndi zokongoletsera ndi dahlias, kubzala ndi kusamalira pamalo otseguka pambuyo potsatira zochitika zina za chikhalidwe. Ngati mutatsata ndondomeko, mungathe kukweza zitsamba zokongola zokongola pa tsamba lanu.

Dahlias - kukonzekera kubzala

Nthaŵi zambiri, tubers amagwiritsidwa ntchito kubzala pamalo otseguka ndipo itatha nyengo yozizira ayenera kukonzekera kuti:

1. Kukonza dahlias musanabzala pamalo omasuka kumaphatikizapo kuyeretsa ndi kuchotsa mizu yowuma ndi madera owonongeka. Mothandizidwa ndi zobiriwira, pangani magawo.
2. Gwetsani ma tubers mu chidebe chodzaza ndi dziko lapansi kapena peat kuti apange 2-3 masentimita pamwamba pa pamwamba. Ikani kwa milungu iŵiri pamalo omwe kutentha sikukutsitsa pansi pa 18 ° C ndipo pali kuunika kwabwino.
3. Pambuyo pa maonekedwe a impso, dulani zidutswa za tubers kuti zikhale ndi mizu. Awalimbikitseni kwa kanthawi mu bokosi, kenako, phulani mphukira zowonongeka, zomwe zinkafika kutalika kwa masentimita 10. Pambuyo pake, dahlia amabzalidwa pamtunda.

Dahlias - kubwera

Musanayambe kugwira ntchito, muyenera kusankha malo obzala. Dahlias kumalo osatseguka salola kulemba, koma malowa ayenera kukhala mpweya wokwanira komanso atayatsa. Kubzala dahlias ndi kuwasamalira kumatanthauza kusankha bwino kwa dothi, zomwe ziyenera kuyamwa bwino, zowonjezera komanso madzi okwanira. Ngati acidity ikuwonjezeka, onjezerani mandimu kunthaka.

M'dzinja zimalimbikitsidwa kukumba pa malo omwe akukonzekera kudzala maluwa, kulemeretsa ndi humus ndi kompositi , poganizira kuti pa 1 m ^{2 iliyonse payenera} kukhala 3-5 makilogalamu. Mu kasupe, musanabzala dahlia, nkoyenera kufalitsa manyowa okhwima pa chiwembu, koma osati zokha, koma pang'ono phulusa. Onetsetsani kuti muyese makhadi onse. Chinthu china - kupulumutsa maluwa kuchokera ku matenda otseguka pansi, ndibwino kuti chaka chilichonse malowa asinthidwe.

Daisy - kubzala mbewu pamalo otseguka

Pambuyo pa kutentha ndipo palibe chisanu, mutha kubzala mbewu. Tawonani kuti pachimake ndi kubzala izi zikhoza kuwonetsedwa osati kale kuposa August. Lembani zokololazo mu wothandizira. Kulima dahlias kuchokera ku mbewu zowatseguka kumachitika malinga ndi ndondomeko yotsatirayi:

1. Mabedi okonzekera kwa masiku angapo kuti apite. Kufesa mbewu sikofunikira chifukwa danga ndi lofunikira pa chomera. Mphukira zowonjezereka ziyenera kuchepetsedwa, kotero kuti mtunda wa pakati pa tchire uli pafupifupi masentimita 60.
2. Dziko lake, akugona mizere. Pamapeto pake, tzalani minda ndikuwaza nyemba zosanjikiza za humus.
3. Kuti mupange zochitika za hothouse, tikulimbikitsidwa kutseka mizere ndi filimu kapena mawindo akale a mawindo.

Pofuna kutulutsa dahlias kumayambiriro, kubzala ndi kusamalira pakhomo ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito kupyolera muzitsamba zapanyumba. Posankha mitundu ya pachaka, kufesa kumachitika mu April, ndipo ndi osatha - kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa March. Gwiritsani ntchito mawu awa:

1. M'makonzedwe okonzedwa, ngalande iyenera kuperekedwa motsimikiza.
2. Azidzaza ndi zakudya zamtundu ndi zowonongeka, zomwe zimakhala zobiriwira. Mukhoza kugula maluwa apadera. Mukamagwiritsa ntchito munda mumunda, onetsetsani kuti muwonjezerepo zowonjezera zowonjezera zowoneka bwino, peat ndi mchenga.
3. Sikoyenera kuzama kwambiri mbeu, 1-1.5 masentimita ndi okwanira. Ndi bwino kufesa mobwerezabwereza, kuti pakati pa mbewu pali 2-3 masentimita.
4. Pamene mbande idzawonekera ndipo 2-3 enieni masamba amapangidwa pa iwo, kusankha kumatengedwa. Nkofunika kuti musayambe kuwononga mizu, choncho yenzani mbande ndi nsalu ya dziko lapansi. Kufunika kwakukulu mu chisamaliro kuli ndi kuyatsa komanso okwanira.
5. Ndibwino kuti mukhale wolimba pa mbande, koma mungathe kuchita ngati kutentha. Matanki ayenera kuwonekera ku mpweya wabwino, koma osati kwa nthawi yayitali. Pang'onopang'ono kuwonjezera nthawi kwa masiku 14 mbande anali pamsewu kwa maola 24.

Kubzala dahlias ndi tubers

Ndondomeko yoyendetsa njirayi ndi yosavuta, koma pali malamulo angapo omwe akuyenera kuganiziridwa:

1. Kubzala dahlias ndi tubers m'chaka kumatanthauza kukumba mabowo, omwe ayenera kukhala ochuluka katatu kukhala mizu yambiri. Pansi, onjezerani kompositi kapena manyowa, ndikuwaza dziko lapansi pamwamba pake.
2. Ikani maluwa omwe amamera ndi kukumba kuti nthaka iphimbidwe ndi masentimita angapo pa tsinde.
3. Pofuna kukhala ndi dahlias okwezeka, kubzala ndi kusamalira pamalo omasuka kumatanthauza kukhazikitsa chithandizo cha tsinde. Pambuyo pa ndondomekoyi, onetsetsani kuti muzitsanulira zomerazo ndi madzi ozizira ndikukwera nthaka ndi masentimita asanu a matabwa makungwa kapena utuchi, kusakaniza ndi peat kapena kompositi.

Kodi kudzala dahlias panja?

Zomwe zimaperekedwa maluwa azitsamba zikufunira kutentha kwa chilengedwe ndipo sichilola chisanu. Kwa iwo amene akufuna kudziwa nthawi yobzala dahlias tubers panja, ndi bwino kuganizira kuti nthawi yabwino ndi yochokera kumapeto kwa May mpaka oyambirira a July. Panthawiyi, dziko lapansi likutenthedwa bwino, ndipo wina sangaope kuti chinachake chidzachitika ku chomera. Onetsetsani kuti maluwa ayamba masiku 60-90 kutuluka.

Dahlias - kulima ndi kusamalira

Pali njira zambiri zovomerezeka zomwe ziri zofunika kuti kukula bwino ndi maluwa olemera. Izi zimaphatikizapo kutsirira, feteleza ndi kudulira. Kusamalira dahlias kumaphatikizapo mulching malo, omwe amateteza slugs ndi namsongole, ndipo adzalandira chinyezi. Chinthu china chimene chiyenera kuima ndi chomera.

1. Adani aakulu ndi slugs ndi earwigs, akawonekera, amachiza tchire ndi decoction wa chitsamba chowawa kapena celandine. Chitani ndondomeko kamodzi pa sabata.
2. M'nyengo yotentha, zimalimbikitsa kupopera maluwa ndi systemic tizilombo . Ngati nsabwe za m'masamba zikuukira, njira yowonjezera imathandiza - mankhwala ndi sopo yankho.

Kodi kutentha kwa dahlias kumakhala kotani?

Zomwe zafotokozedwa kale zakuti chikhalidwe cha maluwa ndi chifuwa chotentha, kuyimba kwakukulu ndi zizindikiro zogwa pansi pazero ndizofunikira ndipo zomera zimatha kufa. Kutentha kwakukulu kwa dahlia kuyenera kukhala pamwamba pa 0 ° C, koma mitundu ina ingathe kupirira mtengo wopitirira 2 ° C. Ndi zizindikiro zotero ndizofunikira kufufuza tubers kuti mbewuyo isafe.

Kumathirira dahlias panja

Zaperekedwa maluwa chikhalidwe zimafuna ulimi wothirira nthawi zonse. Kuthirira kumakhala kotere kuti dothi liwalowere kuya 25-30 masentimita. Ngati mutathira dahlias, kukula kwa mbewu kudzakhala kovuta, chifukwa mizu ingayambe kuvunda ndipo duwa idzafa. Kusunga chinyezi, mutatha kuthira, ndibwino kuti nthaka ikhale dothi, ndipo isanayambe kuthirira dzikolo likhale razgristi.

Kusamalira dahlias - kuvala pamwamba

Kuti mupeze chitukuko chabwino, nkofunika kuti mupange feteleza nthawi zonse, kotero kuti nthawi zambiri feteleza ntchito - masiku 14 alionse. Kukula kwa dahlias pachaka ndikuwasamalira panja kumatanthauza kusintha kwa organic ndi mchere feteleza. Lamuloli likugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa mitundu yosatha.

1. Njira yabwino ya feteleza ndi ammonium nitrate, yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito peresenti ya 15 g pa 1 m ² .
2. Njira ina yabwino ndiyo tincture ya zitosi za mbalame, kuwona kuchuluka kwa 1:20, kapena Mullein mu kuchuluka kwa 1:10. Pa chitsamba chilichonse kutsanulira zidebe 0,5.
3. Pamene yoyamba masamba ikuwonekera, zimalimbikitsa kuchita pamwamba kuvala pogwiritsa ntchito potaziyamu feteleza ndi superphosphates. Onetsetsani kuti chiwerengero cha madzi chimatengedwa 30 g. Mtengo umenewu ndi wokwanira 8.

Kusamalira dahlias chilimwe

Nthawi yotentha kwambiri, muyenera kuonetsetsa kuti nthaka siuma, choncho kuthirira kumakhala kosalekeza. Kusamalira dahlias pachaka, komanso mitengo yosatha, kumatanthauza kugwiritsa ntchito chithandizo chovomerezeka. Izi ndi chifukwa chakuti phesi la chomera ndi mphepo yamkuntho ndi mphepo yolimba ikhoza kuipasula. Ngati vutoli lidakalipo, ndiye gwiritsani ntchito malangizo otsatirawa - gwiritsani nthambi yamphamvu ku tsinde ndi kuikanikiza, mwachitsanzo, ndi bandage, ndiyeno, yesani kuthandizira.

Kuphuka ndi kukondweretsa diso la dahlias, kubzala ndi kusamalira poyera kumatanthauza kuchita monga kudulira. Anakumana wamaluwa musati amalangiza kusiya oposa atatu mphukira pa chitsamba, mwinamwake inflorescences adzakhala ang'onoang'ono osati zokongola. Pa iliyonse peduncle payenera kukhala 1-2 masamba. M'kupita kwa nthawi, chotsani maluwa opunduka, pamene akuchedwa kuyambitsa maluwa atsopano. Kuonjezerapo, pamene mukukula mitundu yosiyanasiyana m'nyengo yonseyi, yesetsani kuchotsa mphukira za m'munsi.

Dahlias - chisamaliro cha chisanu

Izi maluwa chikhalidwe ndi thermophilic, choncho sichilola nyengo yozizira. Malangizo kwa kulima maluwa dahlias kumalo otseguka amatanthauza kufukula kwa tubers pamene chisanu choyamba. Nthaŵi zambiri, nthawi imeneyi imapezeka kumapeto kwa September kapena kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa October. Njirayi ndi iyi:

1. Choyamba kudula zimayambira, kusiya 10-15 masentimita.
2. Kukumba tubers ndi fosholo ndikuchotsa dziko lonse lapansi, ndikutsuka ndi madzi. Pambuyo pake, aumitse panja kwa maola 4-5. Ngati kuli kuzizira, ndi bwino kuwabweretsa m'chipinda chofunda.
3. Tengani mabokosi osungirako ndikutsanulila tubers mkati mwa mchenga kapena utuchi. Ikani mu chipinda chabwino cha mpweya wabwino, komwe kutentha kuli pa 5-7 ° C, ndipo chinyezi ndi 60-75%.