Ndi zipembedzo zingati zomwe inu mukuzidziwa? Aliyense amadziwa zipembedzo zotere monga Chikhristu, Islam, Buddhism, Chihindu ndi Chiyuda.
Koma kwenikweni, palinso zipembedzo zina zomwe sizidziwika ndi anthu ochokera m'madera osiyanasiyana a dziko lapansi. M'munsimu mudzapeza mndandanda wa zipembedzo 25 zachilendo, zosangalatsa komanso zosangalatsa.
1. Kusakanikirana
Msonkhanowo unakhazikitsidwa mu 1974 ndi mtolankhani wa ku France ndi woyang'anira wokhalapo Claude Vorilon, wotchedwa Rael. Otsatira ake amakhulupirira kuti kuli alendo. Malingana ndi chiphunzitso ichi, kamodzi pa nthawi asayansi ochokera kudziko lina anafika pa dziko lapansi lapansi, amene adalenga mitundu yonse ya moyo wapadziko, kuphatikizapo mtundu wa anthu. Ma Raelist amalimbikitsa chitukuko cha sayansi ndikulimbikitsa lingaliro lokopa anthu.
2. Scientology
Chipembedzo chimenechi chinakhazikitsidwa ndi wolemba mabuku wa sayansi L. Hubbard mu 1954, akuyesa kufufuza momwe munthu alili wauzimu, kudzidziwa yekha, maubwenzi ndi achibale, anthu, anthu onse, mitundu yonse ya moyo, zakuthupi ndi zauzimu, ndipo potsiriza, ndi mphamvu yapamwamba . Malingana ndi ziphunzitso za Scientologists, munthu ndi cholengedwa chauzimu chosakhoza kufa chimene moyo wake suli ndi moyo umodzi wokha. Otsatira a chipembedzo ichi ndi anthu otchuka monga John Travolta ndi Tom Cruise.
3. Yahweh
The Yahweh Nation ndi imodzi mwa mipikisano yambiri yachipembedzo ya "Ayuda akuda ndi Israeli". Dzina lake linaperekedwa kwa pakali pano polemekeza mtsogoleri woyamba wa Ben Yahweh mu 1979. Chiphunzitso cha mpatuko chimawonekera pakutanthauzira kwa Baibulo lachikhristu, koma panthawi imodzimodziyo likutsutsana kwambiri ndi malingaliro ovomerezeka a Chikhristu ndi Chiyuda. Nthawi zina otsatira a chipembedzo ichi amatchedwa gulu la odana kapena gulu la anthu apamwamba.
4. Mpingo wa Mipingo Yonse
Mpingo wa dziko lonse lapansi ndi chipembedzo chokhazikitsidwa mu 1962 ndi Oberon Zell-Ravenhart ndi mkazi wake Morning Glory Zell-Ravenhart. Chipembedzo chinachokera ku California - kufalikira kwake kunayambira ndi mabwenzi ndi okonda apang'ono, omwe amauzidwa ndi chiphunzitso chokhulupirira zonena za sayansi "Stranger ku Dziko Lachilendo" ndi Robert Heinlein.
5. Subud
Subud ndi gulu lachipembedzo lozikidwa pazimene zimangokhala zokha komanso zosangalatsa (zomwe zikugwirizana ndi zochitika za chisangalalo). Chipembedzocho chinakhazikitsidwa ndi mtsogoleri wauzimu wa Indonesian Muhammad Subuh m'ma 1920. Zakale zinaliletsedwa ku Indonesia mpaka zaka za m'ma 1950, pambuyo pake zidafalikira ku Ulaya ndi ku America. Mchitidwe waukulu wa subud ndi "latihan" - kusinkhasinkha kwa nthawi yaitali, zomwe ziyenera kuchitika kasachepera kawiri pa sabata.
6. Mpingo wa Flying Macaroni Monster
Komanso kutchedwa Pastafrianism - kayendetsedwe ka mapepala anaonekera pambuyo polemba kalata yotseguka ya katswiri wa sayansi ya zakuthambo wa ku America Bobby Henderson. Mu adiresi yake ku Dipatimenti Yophunzitsa Kansas, wasayansi anafunsa kuti mu maphunziro a sukulu, pamodzi ndi chiphunzitso cha chisinthiko ndi lingaliro la chilengedwe, phunziro la kuphunzira mu Flying Macaroni Monster linawonekera. Mpaka lero, Pastafarianism imadziwika ngati chipembedzo ku New Zealand ndi Netherlands.
7. Kusuntha kwa Prince Philip
Chimodzi mwa zipembedzo zazikulu kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi ndicho kuyenda kwa Prince Philip. Chipembedzocho chimathandizidwa ndi mamembala a fuko la Pacific la chilumba cha Vanuatu. Amakhulupirira kuti chipembedzocho chinayambira mu 1974 dziko litayenderedwa ndi Mfumukazi Elizabeth II ndi mwamuna wake Prince Philip. Anthu a m'derali adatenga mphukira kwa mwana wamwamuna wa nkhope ya phirilo ndipo kuyambira pamenepo adapembedza mafano ake.
8. Aghori Shiva
Aghori - chipembedzo chopembedza, kuperewera kwa Chihindu cha chikhalidwe cha m'ma 1400 AD. Ambiri a a Hindu a Orthodox amatsutsa otsutsa a agori omwe amachititsa anthu achipongwe komanso miyambo yotsutsa yomwe imatsutsana ndi miyambo yosatsutsika. Kodi miyambo iyi ndi iti? Anthu amtunduwu amakhala m'manda ndikudyetsa thupi la munthu. Kuwonjezera apo, anthu awa amamwa kuchokera ku zigaza za anthu, ngati makapu, amadula mitu ya zinyama zamoyo ndikusinkhasinkha molunjika pa matupi a othawa kuti apeze kuunika kwauzimu.
9. Pana Wave
Gulu lachipembedzo la ku Japan Pan Wave linakhazikitsidwa mu 1977 ndipo limaphatikiza ziphunzitso za ziphunzitso zitatu zosiyana - Chikhristu, Buddhism ndi chipembedzo cha "zaka zatsopano". Masiku ano ndi otchuka chifukwa cha mawonekedwe ake osagwirizana ndi mafunde amphamvu, omwe, malinga ndi otsatira a Pan Wave, amachititsa kusintha kwa nyengo padziko lonse, kuwonongeka kwa chilengedwe ndi mavuto ena amasiku ano.
10. Anthu a chilengedwe chonse
Anthu a chilengedwe chonse ndi gulu lachipembedzo la Czech lomwe linakhazikitsidwa m'ma 1990 ndi Ivo Benda, omwe amadziwika ndi dzina lake la Astar. Mtsogoleri wa gululi adanena kuti nthawi zambiri amalankhulana ndi zitukuko zakunja, zomwe zinamupangitsa kuti apeze gulu latsopano lachipembedzo. Kufalitsa chikondi ndi malingaliro abwino, Anthu a Chilengedwe akulimbana ndi matekinoloje amakono ndi zizoloŵezi zoipa.
11. Mpingo wa Zosakwanira (Subgenius)
Mpingo wa Subgenius ndi chipembedzo chachipembedzo chokhazikitsidwa ndi wolemba wachi America ndi wojambula mafilimu Aivon Stang m'ma 1970. Chipembedzocho chimanyalanyaza lingaliro la choonadi chenichenicho, koma mmalo mwake chimatulutsa njira yaufulu ya moyo. Mpingo wa Subgenius ukulalikira chisakanizo cha ziphunzitso zambiri zosiyana, ndipo umunthu wake wapakati ndi mneneri ndi "wogulitsa kwambiri a 50s" Bob Dobbs.
12. Nuoububianism
Mtsinje wa Nubaubianist unali bungwe lachipembedzo lokhazikitsidwa ndi Dwight York. Chiphunzitso cha mpatukocho chinachokera pa lingaliro la kupambana kwa amdima, kupembedza kwa Aigupto akale ndi mapiramidi awo, kukhulupirira ku UFOs ndi ziphunzitso zachinyengo za Illuminati ndi kampani ya Bilderberg. Mu April 2004, gulu la mpatukoli linatha, popeza York anaweruzidwa kuti akhale m'ndende zaka 135 chifukwa cha chinyengo chachuma, kugwiriridwa kwa ana komanso milandu ina yambiri.
13. Discordianism
Awa ndi chipembedzo china, chomwe chimatchedwanso chipembedzo cha chisokonezo. Zamakono zakhazikitsidwa ndi awiri aamuna aang'ono, Kerry Thornley ndi Greg Hill, m'ma 1960. Discordianism inakhala gulu lotchuka padziko lonse pambuyo polemba mlembi wa ku America Robert Anton Wilson pogwiritsa ntchito malingaliro a chipembedzo cha chisokonezo polemba sayansi yake ya sayansi trilogy Illuminatus!
14. Etheric Society
Msonkhanowu unakhazikitsidwa ndi mphunzitsi wa yoga wa ku Australia George King, yemwe adalengeza kuti adzakumananso ndi zochitika zapakati pazaka makumi asanu ndi ziwiri za m'ma 2000. Chipembedzo cha Etherius ndi gulu lachipembedzo, filosofi ndi chiphunzitso zomwe zimati zimachokera ku mtundu wapamwamba, ngakhale kuti zikuphatikizapo malingaliro a Chikhristu, Buddhism ndi Chihindu.
15. Mpingo wa Euthanasia
Chipembedzo chokha chotsutsana ndi umunthu, ndi bungwe la ndale, euthanasia, linakhazikitsidwa mu 1992 ku Boston ndi Mtsogoleri Chris Korda ndi m'busa Robert Kimberk. Zamakono zimafalitsa kuchepa kwa chiwerengero cha anthu, popeza izi zikhoza kuthetsa vuto la kuwonjezeka kwa dziko lapansi, komanso mavuto ena a chilengedwe ndi mavuto ena ambiri padziko lapansili. Chilankhulo chotchuka cha tchalitchi "Pulumutsani dziko - dziphani nokha!" Zingatheke kuwonedwa pazithunzi pamasewera osiyanasiyana.
16. Happy Science
Sayansi ya Lucky ndi chiphunzitso china cha ku Japan, chokhazikitsidwa ndi Riuho Okavaon mu 1986. Mu 1991, gululi linadziwika ngati bungwe lachipembedzo. Otsatira a tsopano amakhulupirira mulungu wa Dziko lotchedwa El Kantare. Kuti tipeze chimwemwe chenicheni, chomwe chimadziwikanso ngati kuunikiridwa, mamembala a tchalitchi amati ziphunzitso za Rio Okavona mwa kupemphera, kusinkhasinkha, kuphunzira mabuku oyenera ndi kusinkhasinkha.
17. Kachisi wa Kuwala Kwa M'kati
Kachisi wa Kuunika Kwathu Kwabwalo ndi chipembedzo cha Manhattan. Amembala ake amakhulupirira kuti mankhwala osokoneza bongo, kuphatikizapo chamba, LSD, dipropyltryptamine, mescaline, psilocybin ndi bowa la psychedelic, ndiwo thupi lenileni laumulungu, zomwe zimapatsa chidziwitso chapadera. Malingana ndi mamembala a Kachisi, zipembedzo zonse za padziko lapansi zinkawonekera chifukwa cha kugwiritsa ntchito psychedelics.
18. Jedaism
Jediism ndi gulu latsopano lachipembedzo lomwe limagwirizanitsa zikwi zambiri za mafilimu a Star Wars kuzungulira dziko lapansi. Njira yafilosofi imachokera pa mfundo zowona za moyo wa Jedi. Anthu a chiphunzitsochi amanena kuti "Mphamvu" yomweyo ndi munda weniweni wamphamvu womwe umadzaza dziko lonse lapansi. Mu 2013, Jedaism inakhala chipembedzo chachisanu ndi chiŵiri chochuluka kwambiri ku UK, akutsata otsatira 175,000.
19. Zoroastrianism
Zoroastrianism ndi imodzi mwa ziphunzitso zakale zomwe zimapangidwa ndi mulungu Zarathustra ku Iran zaka pafupifupi 3,500 zapitazo. Pafupifupi zaka 1000 chipembedzo ichi chinali chimodzi mwazochitika kwambiri padziko lapansi, ndipo kuyambira 600 BC kufikira 650 AD chidakhala chikhulupiriro chovomerezeka cha Persia (masiku ano Iran). Masiku ano, chikhalidwe chachipembedzo ichi sichitchuka kwambiri, ndipo tsopano anthu okwana 100,000 okha amadziwika. Mwa njira, apa tikuyenera kutchula kuti chipembedzo ichi chinavomerezedwa ndi munthu wotchuka monga Freddie Mercury.
20. Haiti Voodoo
Ziphunzitso zambiri zachipembedzo za Voodoo ku Haiti zinachokera ku akapolo a ku Africa omwe adakakamizika kupita kuzilumbazi n'kupita ku Chikatolika m'zaka za m'ma 1700 ndi 1700. Pambuyo panthawi ya chikhristu, ziphunzitso zamakono za Voodoo Haitian zinasandulika miyambo. Mwa njirayi, zaka 200 zapitazo chinali chipembedzo chodabwitsa ichi chomwe chinalimbikitsa akapolo a m'deralo kuti apandukire amwenye a ku France. Pambuyo pa kusintha kwa dzikoli, Republic of Haiti inadzakhala boma lachiwiri la kumpoto ndi South America pambuyo pa United States. Pamtima wa Voodoo kuphunzitsa ndi chikhulupiriro mwa Mulungu mmodzi Bondyeu, mu mizimu ya banja, zabwino, zoipa ndi thanzi. Otsatira a chikhulupilirochi amachita mwansanga mankhwala ndi zitsamba ndi matsenga, kulingalira ndi kutulutsa mizimu.
21. Neuroidism
Neo-Norwegianism ndi chipembedzo chimene chimafalitsa kufunafuna chiyanjano, kutamanda zachilengedwe ndi kuphunzitsa kulemekeza zamoyo zonse padziko lapansi. Zamakono zimachokera ku miyambo ya mafuko akale a Celtic, koma masiku ano druidism imaphatikizapo shamanism, chikondi cha dziko lapansi, kupembedza, kupembedza, kulambila dzuwa ndi chikhulupiriro cha kubadwanso kwatsopano.
22. Rastafarianism
Rastafarianism ndi chipembedzo china chachinyamata chomwe chinayambira ku Jamaica m'ma 1930, ndikutsatira Haile Selassie kuti ndi mfumu yoyamba ya Ethiopia. A Rastafarians amakhulupirira kuti Haile Selassie ndi Mulungu woona, ndipo tsiku lina adzabwezeretsa ku Negro Afrika onse osokonezeka omwe amatumizidwa kupita ku maiko ena kuti achite chifuniro chawo. Otsatira a tsopano akulimbikitsa chilengedwe, chikondi chaubale, kukana maziko a dziko lakumadzulo, kuvala zovala zopsereza ndi kusuta mbodya kuti awunikire mwauzimu.
23. Mpingo wa Maradona
Mpingo wa Maradona ndi chipembedzo chonse choperekedwa kwa wotchuka wotchuka wa ku Argentina Diego Maradona. Chizindikiro cha tchalitchi ndicho chidule cha D10S, chifukwa chimaphatikizapo mawu a Chisipanishi Dios (Mulungu) ndi nambala ya shati ya wothamanga (10). Mpingo unakhazikitsidwa mu 1998 ndi mafanizidwe a Argentina, omwe adanena kuti Maradona ndiye mtsogoleri wa masewera ambiri m'mbiri ya anthu.
24. Aum Shinrikyo
Aum Shinrikyo amatanthauzira kwenikweni kuti "choonadi choposa." Uyu ndi mpatuko wachinyamata wa ku Japan, womwe unakhazikitsidwa m'ma 1980 ndi kufalitsa chisakanizo cha ziphunzitso za Chibuda ndi Chihindu. Mtsogoleri wa chipembedzocho, Shoko Asahara, adadzitcha Khristu ndi woyamba "kuunikiridwa" kuyambira nthawi ya Buddha. Komabe, patapita nthawi, gululi linakhala gulu lachigawenga komanso loopsa kwambiri, omwe mamembala awo anali kukonzekera mapeto a dziko komanso nkhondo yachitatu ya padziko lonse. Otsatira a mpatuko adakhulupirira kuti mu chiwonongekochi iwo adzapulumuka okha. Masiku ano Aum Shinrikyo amaletsedwa mwalamulo m'mayiko ambiri.
25. Frisbittarianism
Mwinamwake, umodzi wa zipembedzo zochititsa mantha kwambiri padziko lapansi, Frisbittarianism ndi chikhulupiliro chokhalira moyo pambuyo pa imfa. Woyambitsa mwambowu anali wotchuka wotchuka wa ku America komanso wokondweretsa George Karlin, yemwe adatanthauzira mndandanda wa chikhulupiliro chatsopano m'mawu otsatirawa: "Munthu akafa, moyo wake umatuluka ndikuponyedwa ngati frisbee padenga la nyumba kumene amamatira kamodzi kokha."