Urea m'magazi ndiwo mankhwala owonongeka a mapuloteni. Urea amapangidwa ndi chiwindi pogwiritsa ntchito mapuloteni ndipo amasokonezeka kudzera mu impso ndi mkodzo. Kuti mudziwe mlingo wa urea, kuyezetsa magazi kumagwiritsidwa ntchito. Chizoloŵezi cha urea m'magazi chikugwirizana ndi zaka ndi kugonana: mwa akazi ndi otsika. Zambiri mwachindunji ponena za chikhalidwe cha urea m'mwazi wa akazi, mungaphunzire kuchokera ku nkhaniyi.
Mlingo wa urea m'magazi - kawirikawiri kwa amayi
Maselo a Urea kwa amayi osapitirira zaka 60 amatha kuchokera ku 2.2 mpaka 6.7 mmol / l, pamene ali amuna, chizoloŵezi chiri pakati pa 3.7 ndi 7.4 mmol / l.
Ali ndi zaka 60, chizoloŵezi cha abambo ndi amai ndi chimodzimodzi ndipo ndi 2.9-7.5 mmol / l.
Zotsatira zotsatirazi zimakhudza zomwe zili mu urea:
- chiwindi;
- chikhalidwe cha impso;
- mlingo wa amino acid omwe amaphatikizapo mapuloteni.
Zomwe zili mu urea m'magazi a amayi omwe ali pansipa
Ngati chifukwa cha kusanthula kwa kagawidwe ka mayi, mayi amakhala ndi urea m'magazi ake poyerekezera ndi chizoloŵezi, zifukwa zosinthirazi zingakhale:
- zakudya, kuphatikizapo kudya zakudya za nyama (nyama, mazira, mkaka) ndi nsomba kapena njala yanthawi yaitali;
- matenda a chiwindi (hepatitis, cirrhosis, hepatodystrophy, coma hepatic);
- Matenda a mahomoni - mahomoni owonetsetsa, omwe amawoneka ngati akuwonjezeka kwambiri m'ziwalo za thupi;
- kusokonezeka kwa chithokomiro;
- poizoni ndi mankhwala omwe ali ndi arsenic ndi phosphorous;
- malabsorption - kuchepetsa kuyamwa kwa amino acid m'mimba.
Kawirikawiri pali kuchepa kwa chikhalidwe cha urea m'mwazi wa amayi oyembekezera. Kusintha kumeneku ndiko chifukwa chakuti mapuloteni a amayi amagwiritsidwa ntchito pomanga thupi la mwana wosabadwa.
Kuthamanga kwambiri kwa urea m'magazi
Maseŵera owonjezera a urea nthawi zonse amasonyeza matenda aakulu. Kawirikawiri, kuchuluka kwa mankhwala kumawoneka ngati matenda:
- kuperewera kwa impso ndi matenda ena a impso (pyelonephritis, glomerulonephritis, chifuwa cha TB, etc.);
- Kuphwanya mkangano wa mkodzo chifukwa cha urolithiasis, chotupa mu chikhodzodzo, ndi zina zotero;
- myocardial infarction ndi mtima kulephera;
- matumbo a m'mimba;
- magazi m'mimba;
- hyperthyroidism;
- liwu;
- matenda a shuga (chifukwa cha kusokonezeka kwa urea excretion);
- liwu ;
- kuwotcha mabala;
- chisokonezo;
- poizoni ndi mankhwala a mercury-containing, oxalic acid ndi phenol;
- Kuchepa kwa thupi chifukwa cha kutsekula m'mimba kapena kusanza.
Komanso, kukwera kwa urea m'magazi kungakhale chifukwa cha mphamvu yamphamvu ya thupi (kuphatikizapo maphunziro ovuta) kapena zakudya zamapuloteni mu zakudya. Nthawi zina mlingo wa urea ukuwonjezeka chifukwa cha momwe munthu amachitira thupi kuti azitenga mankhwala, kuphatikizapo:
- anabolics;
- chithandizo;
- maantibayotiki;
- sulphonamides.
Kuwonjezeka kwakukulu kwa urea mu mankhwala kumatchedwa uremia (hyperaemia). Matendawa amayamba chifukwa chakuti kusungunuka m'maselo a madzi kumabweretsa kuwonjezeka kwa ntchito. Pa nthawi yomweyo, pali ammoniamu oledzeretsa, omwe amadziwika ndi matenda a mitsempha. Pangakhale mavuto ena.
N'zotheka kuyimitsa miyendo ya urea pogwiritsa ntchito njira yothandizira matendawa. Zosafunika kwenikweni pa chithandizo ndi kupewa ndizo zakudya zopangidwa bwino.