Sukulu ya pulayimale ndi maphunziro omaliza - ndi chiyani ndipo amasiyana bwanji?

Kusintha kwa kachitidwe koyambirira ka maphunziro apamwamba a zaka zisanu kukupusitsabe anthu ambiri. Pezani yankho la funsoli - madigiri a bachelor ndi a master - chomwe chiri, ayenera wophunzira aliyense wamtsogolo, mosasamala kanthu kuti zimakhala zophunzitsira izi poyamba kapena ayi.

Kodi digiri ya master ndi bachelor degree imatanthauza chiyani?

Mau awiriwa akugwirizanitsidwa ndi mfundo yakuti amatanthawuza kuzindikira gawo lina la maphunziro a boma. Njira yoyamba yopangidwira ntchitoyi inakhazikitsidwa mu 1997, pamene kusintha kwasinthidwa ku msonkhano wa Bologna, poyambitsa maphunziro awiri. Anachokera ku USA, kumene amakhala ndi mayina a maphunziro apamwamba ndi maphunziro apamwamba. Pa chitsanzo cha America mungathe kudziwa za ubwino wa maphunziro awa:

1. Amapereka ufulu wokhazikika pokhapokha ngati wapita kale.
2. Kumvetsetsa kuti munthu wotereyu ndi wotani, wogwira ntchitoyo angamupatse munthu wophunzira, chifukwa ndi kosavuta kuphunzitsa kuyambira pachiyambi.
3. Kuphunzira kwa ophunzira, maphunziro, maphunziro ogona ku nyumba yosungiramo alendo ndi zina zotsimikiziridwa zimakhala zaka zambiri.

Mbuye ndani?

Mphunzitsi ndi gawo lachiwiri la maphunziro apamwamba, omwe angapezeke ndi aliyense amene adutsa woyamba. Dipatimenti ya bwana wamaphunziro imapezeka pambuyo pomaliza maphunziro onse. Chinthu chofunika kwambiri pa mlingoyo ndi chakuti sikuti a bachelors okha angagwiritse ntchito maphunziro aulere, komanso omaliza maphunziro omwe adaphunzira ku yunivesite musanayambe ntchito ya Bologna. Mphunzitsi akudziwitsatu zonsezi:

1. Munthu amene watsiriza gawo lachiwiri la maphunziro ali ndi ufulu wokhala ndi maudindo akuluakulu a mawonekedwe a boma.
2. Poonetsetsa kuti antchito sakuyenera kuganiza kuti apamwamba ndi digiri ya master kapena bachelor degree, olamulira amagawaniza zofunikira zonse zomwe zimayenera kuti zikhale zofunikira kapena zonsezi zikufunika nthawi yomweyo.
3. Mutu wa maphunziro umasankhidwa motero wophunzirayo amalowa muzochitika za sayansi komanso zothandiza.

Ndi ndani yemwe ali ndi bachelor?

Dipatimenti ya Bachelor's ikupezeka kwa ana a sukulu ya dzulo komanso kwa anthu omwe adalandira maphunziro apamwamba a ntchito zapamwamba . Mosiyana ndi tsankho lofala, sizothandiza popanda kulandiranso kwa magistri. Dipatimenti ya bachelor imayesedwa ngati maphunziro apamwamba: pamapeto pake wophunzira amalemba ntchito yomaliza maphunzirowo ndipo amapereka mayeso oyenerera. Ali ndi mbali zingapo zomwe aliyense ayenera kudziwa za:

1. Zimaphatikizapo mfundo zofunikira zomwe zidzagawidwa kukhala magistra kukhala nthambi (mwachitsanzo, chilamulo chimaloleza boma, chigawenga ndi malamulo oyendetsera malamulo).
2. Dipatimentiyi imapereka mpata mtsogolo kulemba ndi kuteteza chiphunzitso cha sayansi.
3. Kulemekezeka pansi pa dongosolo la Bologna sikudalira dzina lofuula la malo omwe wophunzirayo anali kuphunzira: likufanana ndi diploma yomwe imatsimikiziridwa ndi digiri.

Maphunziro a Bachelor's and Master - zopindulitsa ndi zachipongwe

Dipatimenti iliyonse ili ndi ubwino wake ndi ubwino wake. Chokhacho chokha cha digiri ya bachelor ndizo njira zina zolembera. Amatha kusuntha mamba poyankha funso lokhudza zomwe zili bwino kwa digiri ya bachelor kapena digiri, mosiyana. Mphoto imadalira diploma, choncho dipatimenti ya bachelor popanda digiri ya master nthawi zina imatseka chitukuko cha ntchito kwa wophunzira kwambiri komanso wophunzira kwambiri. Muzipadera zomwe sizifuna kukwaniritsa mapiri a gawo lachiwiri la maphunziro, iwo amene akufuna kudzipereka okha ku kafukufuku ndi kuphunzitsa apite kwa magistracy.

Master's and Bachelor's Degree - amasiyana motani?

Mipingo iwiri ya maphunziro, ngakhale pamene iwo amaganiza ufulu wofanana pamene akufunsira ntchito, ali mosiyana kwenikweni. Kusiyana pakati pa maphunziro apamwamba ndi digiri ya master ndikuti:

1. Wopemphayo angathe kuitanitsa digiri ya bachelor ndi chiphaso cha maphunziro a sukulu, ndipo dipatimenti ya master idzatengedwa pokhapokha atadutsa digiri ya bachelor.
2. Nthawi yeniyeni yophunzirira pa digiri ya bachelor ndi zaka 4, ndipo digiri ya master imatenga zaka ziwiri.
3. Podziwa yankho la funsoli, digiri ya bachelor's and master's - zomwe ziri, n'zosavuta kulingalira kuti pachigawo choyamba mungapeze luso limodzi, ndipo pa yachiwiri mungasinthe kwa wina ngati mukufuna.
4. Wophunzira amene ali ndi digiri ya mphunzitsi wamaphunziro angathe kupita kusukulu yophunzira.

Chifukwa chiyani mukusowa digiri ya master pambuyo pa digiri ya bachelor?

Pakati pa ophunzira osakayikira, kukayikira kumafalikira ngati pulogalamu ya Master ikufunika pambuyo pa digiri ya bachelor. Kufunika kwake sikungoyambe nthawi zonse, koma pokhapokha ngati wophunzira akuyembekeza kulandira kuchokera kwa magistrate:

• chidziwitso chochuluka chomwe sichikhoza kuphatikizidwa mu pulogalamu yoyamba;
• Kukula mwakhama mwakhama mu bungwe lochita masewera apamwamba;
• kulemera kwa sayansi ya dziko, zofalitsa m'mabuku a mbiri;
• Gawo lachidule pa njira yopita kusukulu ndikugwira ntchito monga mphunzitsi.

Kodi ndizofunikira kuphunzira ma magistracy pambuyo pa digiri ya bachelor?

Kungakhale kusakhulupirika kunena kuti digiri ya master ikufanana ndi maphunziro apamwamba. Sikuti ntchito zonse zimafuna munthu wazaka 7 kuti aphunzire ku yunivesite ndi nthawi yake komanso ndalama zake. Aliyense ayenera kusankha yekha kuti apite kwa magistracy pambuyo pa digiri ya bachelor, kudalira mabhonasi kuti alandire:

• kusamuka kwa mayiko ndi kuzindikira diploma;
• kufanana kwa dipatimenti ya master of qualification zasayansi zakunja PhD;
• chidziwitso chogwira ntchito ndi aphunzitsi akunja, kuchita kafufuzidwe ndi chitukuko kwa ntchito ya oyenerera.

Kodi mungasankhe bwanji digiri ya master pambuyo pa digiri ya bachelor?

Kuti mupange chisankho cholondola kwambiri pa gawo lachiwiri la maphunziro apamwamba, muyenera kufotokoza bwino zolingazo . Dipatimenti ya Master pambuyo pa digiri ya bachelor muzochita zina imatsegula mwayi wopindula kaŵirikaŵiri pakupeza ntchito. Ufulu wotsimikizira maphunziro apamwamba ali ndi mayunivesite abwino omwe amadziwika bwino komanso dzina lalikulu. Posankha kusankha pa digiri ya master, zinthu monga:

• Kuyankhulana kwa bungwe la maphunziro ndi mabungwe a maphunziro akunja ndi makampani;
• kufunika kwa ntchito pa msika wogwira ntchito;
• kukonzekera kwa omwe angagwiritse ntchito ntchito kuti achoke chifukwa cha kudzipereka kwa gawoli.

Kodi dipatimenti ya Master ilipiridwa pambuyo pa digiri ya bachelor ndi abwana?

Malonjezano ndi malipiro a antchito omwe akuphatikiza maphunziro ndi ntchito zamalonda amaperekedwa m'malamulo a ntchito a dzikoli. Kupeza yankho la funso ngati magistracy amaperekedwa pambuyo pa digiri ya bachelor akhoza kukula malinga ndi zochitika zina:

1. Dipatimenti ya Master muzochita zina (monga lamulo, yopapatiza-sayansi) ikufanana ndi zapadera. Olemba a sukulu omwe ali mmavuto amenewa amathandizidwa ndi boma mu kulipira malipiro.
2. Dipatimenti ya master inayamba kudziyesa yekha wogwira ntchito, kotero aboma ali ndi ufulu womusiya, koma sangalipire.
3. Ngati chitukuko cha katswiri wina yemwe adaphunzirapo gawo loyamba la maphunziro chimadalira yankho la funso lakuti "Kodi digiri ya Bachelor's degree ikufunika?" Bwana sangathe kumuwotcha. Kampaniyo imayenera kulipira lirilonse lirilonse lokhudzana ndi kukonzekera, kuyankhula kapena kupitila mayeso.