Osagwidwa ndi matenda a shuga - ziwalo zonse za matenda osadziwika

Matenda a shuga amatanthauza nthendayi yomwe imadziwika ndi kuwonjezeka kwa mkodzo. Pali mitundu iwiri ya shuga ndi dzina lofanana: shuga ndi shuga, koma kupatula kufanana kwa mayina, matendawa ndi ofanana kwambiri, ndipo mwa njira zina amatsutsana. Osati matenda a shuga ali ndi etiology ina, amadziwonetsera mu zizindikiro zina ndipo amafunikira dongosolo lapadera la mankhwala.

Shuga ndi matenda a shuga insipidus - kusiyana

Shuga ndi matenda a shuga insipidus amadziwika ndi kuchuluka kwa kukodza. Mawu akuti shuga amatembenuzidwa kuti "kudutsa". Komabe, pakati pa shuga ndi shuga m'zinthupidus pali kusiyana kwakukulu kochepa:

1. Kukula. Osagwidwa ndi matenda a shuga ndi ochepa kwambiri kuposa shuga ndipo ndi a rarest pathologies.
2. Chifukwa. Kuwoneka kwa shuga kungayambitse moyo wosayenerera, kulephera kwa njira zamagetsi. Zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a shuga mu insipidus zingakhale zoopsa, zopatsirana pogwiritsa ntchito ubongo, matenda ozungulira, ubongo wa ubongo, matenda a impso.
3. Mahomoni. Odwala matenda a shuga amakhala ndi vuto la kutayika kwa magazi m'thupi, ndipo amadzipusitsa - a vasopressin.
4. Kuchuluka kwa mankhwala. Ndi matenda a shuga, pali kuwonjezeka kwa shuga, ndipo pa nkhani ya shuga, salt ndi electrolytes.
5. Chifukwa cha kuwonjezera kukodza. Mu shuga, pali kupitirira kwa shuga, komwe thupi limayesa kuchotsa ndi kuchuluka kwa mkodzo. Ndi matenda a shuga asipidus, impso zilizonse sizingagwirizane ndi mankhwala oteteza matenda a shuga kapena osalandira.

Mawonekedwe a shuga a insipidus

Osagwidwa ndi matenda a shuga akukula ndi ntchito yosakwanira ya hormone vasopressin. Malingana ndi mbali yomwe ya thupi ili ndi matenda, mitundu iwiri ya matendawa ndi yosiyana:

1. Fomu yapakati. Mtundu uwu wa shuga umapangidwa chifukwa cha mavuto m'ntchito za dipatimenti ya ubongo. Hormone ya antidiuretic imasiya kupangidwa kapena yoperekedwa ku magazi.
2. Fomu yamatenda. Matenda a shuga amayamba chifukwa cha kuperewera kwa impso zotengera vasopressin.

Impso shuga insipidus

Nephrigenic shuga insipidus amaonedwa kuti ndi matenda osadziwika. Zimapangidwa chifukwa cha kusintha kwa majini kapena ngati zotsatira za kumwa mankhwala. Impso zimayimirira ndi ma hormone ndikupanga mkodzo wochuluka wa hypotonic. Thupi limataya madzi ndi mchere mwa ndalama zosayenera, choncho wodwala nthawi zambiri amayamba kumva ludzu. Mankhwala osakonzedweratu angapangitse kuti pakhale chitukuko pakati pa ana, ndi akuluakulu - ku matenda a ubongo.

Matenda a shuga otchedwa diabetes insipidus

Matenda a shuga amtundu wa matenda a shuga, ma pathogenesis ndi mankhwala akhala akuphunzira mwamsanga chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa matenda. Izi zimachitika chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa machitidwe pa ubongo ndi kuvulala pamutu. The hormone vasopressin imadziwika ndi thupi ngati kuli kofunikira ndipo imachita kusintha kwazing'ono kwambiri m'thupi la plasma ya magazi. Ndili ndi matenda a shuga m'thupi mwachisawawa pali vuto la vasopressin, chifukwa cha mkodzo umamasulidwa nthawi zonse.

Zosagwirizana ndi shuga zimayambitsa

Matenda a shuga a mtundu wosakhala wa shuga akhoza kuchitika chifukwa cha zifukwa zosiyanasiyana. Nthaŵi zambiri, madokotala sangathe kudziŵa zamaliseche, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ayambe kukodza. Zomwe zimayambitsa matenda ndi:

• kulephera mu hypothalamus ngati vuto pambuyo pa matenda opatsirana;
• kugwedeza, kutupa kapena kutupa kwa ubongo, kupweteka kwa mutu;
• zovuta pambuyo pa ntchito zachipatala;
• kusokonezeka kwazungulira mu ubongo ;
• Matenda a impso: zotupa, zotupa, ziphuphu, kusintha kwasintha;
• zotsatira za mankhwala;
• matenda okhudza ubongo wa impso kapena mbali za ubongo.

Osagwidwa ndi shuga - zizindikiro

Osagwidwa ndi shuga, zomwe zizindikiro zake ndizovuta kwambiri, zimapezeka kale kumayambiriro kwa matendawa. Zizindikiro zazikulu za mtundu wachinyengo wa matendawa ndi ludzu komanso nthawi zambiri zimakodza. Mitsempha imatha kuperekedwa kwa malita 30 patsiku, zomwe zimachititsa wodwala kusokonezeka ndikumupangitsa nkhawa. Zizindikiro zina za shuga ndizo:

• kukula kwa chikhodzodzo;
• nkhawa, mantha;
• kugona kapena vuto kugona;
• kuchepetsa thukuta kupanga;
• kupanikizika kosakwanira kokwanira;
• chilakolako chofooka;
• khungu louma komanso mucous membrane chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa madzi ;
• Kusokonezeka kwa kusamba kwa amayi ndi kufooka kwa amuna.

Osagwidwa ndi shuga - matenda

Dokotala akhoza kuganiza kuti akudwala matenda a shuga "insipidus" pogwiritsa ntchito zodandaula za wodwalayo. Ludzu nthawi zonse ndi kugawanika kwa mkodzo waukulu ndizo zizindikiro zazikulu za kukhalapo kwa matendawa. Kuti atsimikizire kuti amakayikira, amapatsidwa zizindikiro zoterezi:

• Mayesero a Zimnitsky, omwe amathandiza kufotokozera kuchuluka kwa mkodzo, kuchuluka kwa chiwerengero ndi hyponatriuria;
• kuyesa magazi kwa calcium, potaziyamu ndi shuga;
• kuyesa ndi youma;
• X-ray ndi MRI ya ubongo;
• Impso za CTs ndi CT, nthawi zambiri - impso .

Osati matenda a shuga - mayesero

Hyperglycemia, hypoglycemia - shuga insipidus ndi ofanana ndi zizindikiro zina zofunika. Ngati mukuganiza kuti shuga insipidus iyenera kukhala mayesero angapo:

• mayeso a magazi ambiri (hemoglobin, mayina a erythrocyte ndi leukocyte adzawonjezeka);
• kuyesa mkodzo kawirikawiri kuti akhulupirire kuti palibe acetone ndi shuga;
• kuyesa magazi kwa biochemistry ndi mahomoni (matenda a shuga asipidus amadziwika ndi kuchuluka kwa sodium, potaziyamu, ma chlorides, renin);
• Kusakanikirana kwa shuga kumayesetseratu kuti mukhale ndi shuga;
• kuyesa ndi adiurecrin kapena pituitrin: kuchepetsedwa kwa ludzu ndi kukodza kudzaonetsa kuti pali matenda a shuga insipidus;
• kuyesa ndi youma;
• yesani ndi desmopressin.

Osagwidwa ndi shuga - mankhwala

Musanayambe matenda odwala matenda a shuga, muyenera kudziwa chomwe chimayambitsa matendawa. Pamene matenda amapezeka chifukwa cha mavuto opanga mahomoni a ubongo vasopressin, mankhwala osokoneza bongo omwe ali ndi maantimoni amauzidwa. Ngati magwero a matendawa amapezeka chifukwa cha kuphwanya mahomoni ndi impso, dokotala akulamula kayendedwe ka thiazide diuretics, omwe ntchito yake ndi yoletsa kupanga mkodzo. Osagwidwa ndi shuga - malingaliro ochipatala

Kwa odwala omwe amapezeka kuti ali ndi matenda a shuga, amatsankho a momwe angakhalire komanso kudya amathandiza kwambiri. Madokotala amalangiza odwala otero kuti asamalire mbali zotsatirazi:

1. Simungathe kudziletsa mu madzi.
2. Pofuna kuthetsa ludzu lanu, ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito zakumwa zakumwa, juisi, compotes.
3. Iyenera kudyedwa kawirikawiri, koma kachigawo kakang'ono.
4. Ndikofunika kutsatira chakudya chapadera.
5. Pofuna kugona tulo, mungathe kugwiritsa ntchito maphikidwe a anthu.
6. Ndikofunika kutenga mankhwala onse omwe dokotala wanu akukuuzani.

Osagwidwa ndi shuga - mankhwala, mankhwala

Mankhwala aakulu a shuga a insipidus ndi mankhwala omwe amachititsa kuti hormone vasopressin ikhale m'malo. Hormone yopanga mankhwala imakhala ndi zotsatira zamuyaya komanso zochepa za zotsatirapo. Iye ali mu mankhwala awa:

• Adiuretin - akutsikira m'mphuno, omwe ali ndi zotsatira zamuyaya;
• Desmopressin - mapiritsi, okhala ndi zinthu zochepa zedi kuposa madontho;
• Mininin ndi mankhwala ogwiritsidwa ntchito polyuria pa chikhalidwe chirichonse;
• Emosint - yokonzekera jekeseni.

Mankhwalawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa matenda a shuga insipidus pakati pa mawonekedwe. Osagwidwa ndi shuga, chifukwa cha kutupa, amachizidwa ndi mankhwala opha tizilombo ndi mankhwala osagwiritsidwa ntchito poletsa kutupa: Ibuprofen, Indomethacin. Pamene mtundu wa matenda a shuga wa nephrogenic umaperekedwa mankhwala ndi thiazide diuretics:

1. Indapamide (Ionik, Pamid, Tenzar) - ili ndi zotsatira zochepa;
2. Hydrochlorothiazide (Hypothiazide) - ali ndi phokoso komanso mphamvu.

Osagwidwa ndi shuga - mankhwala ochiritsira

Matenda a shuga adipidus, okhala ndi nephrogenic kapena mawonekedwe apakati, samakongoletsa kuthetsa kuchiza. Ndi chithandizo cha mankhwala ochiritsira, munthu akhoza kuchepetsa kumverera kwa ludzu, kusintha ntchito ya ubongo, kuchotsa kugona.

1. Pofuna kuchepetsa kumverera kwa ludzu, tikulimbikitsidwa kumwa zakumwa za mtedza. Galasi la madzi otentha amafunika 5 g wa masamba owuma. Kulowetsedwa kumadyetsedwa tsiku lonse.
2. Kupititsa patsogolo ubongo, mankhwala owerengeka amalangiza kudya 1 tsp. ufa wa pea pa tsiku.
3. Kupititsa patsogolo kugona kumalimbikitsa kulowetsedwa kwa motherwort, caraway ndi muzu wa valerian. Zonsezi zimagawanika ndipo zimagawanika 2 tbsp. osakaniza. Zitsamba zimatsanulidwa mu 350 ml madzi otentha ndikuumirira maola angapo. Kumwa kulowetsedwa kuyenera kukhala ola lisanayambe kugona komanso ndikumva kovuta.
4. Kuchepetsa chiwerengero cha kuyeretsa madzi, kuchepetsa kutaya madzi m'thupi kungatheke pothandizidwa ndi inflorescences youma ya immortelle ndi mimba. Zitsamba ziyenera kutengedwa mofanana ndi kuchuluka kwa supuni imodzi, kutsanulira theka la lita imodzi ya madzi otentha ndikuumiriza maola 8. Imwani gawo lachitatu la galasi pambuyo pa maola 4.

Osagwidwa ndi shuga - zakudya

Kudyetsa matenda a shuga m'thupi ndizosiyana ndi zakudya zokhudzana ndi matenda a shuga. Zakudya za wodwalayo ziyenera kuphatikizapo chakudya chokhazikika komanso chosakanizika, mafuta ndi zakudya zochepa. Ntchito ya zakudya ndi matendawa ndi kubwezeretsedwa kwa zosowa za thupi, kukhuta ndi mavitamini oyenera ndi ma microelements. Zipatso, nsomba, zakudya zamkaka wowawasa ndi mtedza zidzathandizira zamoyo zofooka.

Kudya zakudya zing'onozing'ono maola atatu, zomwe zidzakhale chakudya 6 pa tsiku. Kuphika bwino kumachitidwa pa banja kapena mu uvuni. Peŵani mbale zokazinga, zokometsera, zamchere ndi zotsuta. Kumwa panthawi imodzimodziyo muyenera kumwa malita 2.5 patsiku. Wodwala sakusowa kukumbukira kufunika kowa madzi, chifukwa ludzu ndilowekha. Kuchokera mu madzi ndi zothandiza kugwiritsa ntchito zakumwa zakumwa, juisi, compotes, kisels. photo4

Osati matenda a shuga - mavuto

Zovuta za matenda a shuga ndizoopsa chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa madzi ndi zotsatira zake zonse. Pamene matendawa akuyamba, nthendayi imapanga bwalo loopsya: ludzu limakula, komabe wodwala amamwa madzi, madzi amamasulidwa, osabweretsanso zosowa za thupi. Chotsatira chake, wodwala ali ndi zofooka, zofooka, matenda a ubongo, dyspnea. Ngati simukuchitapo kanthu pa nthawi yamachiritso, thupi limamwalira chifukwa cha kusowa kwa madzi okwanira.

Kugonjetsa matenda a shuga insipidus

Yankho la funso loti ngati n'zotheka kuchiza matenda a shuga m'zinthu akuluakulu ndi ana zimadalira pa chiyambi cha matendawa:

1. Ngati matendawa adapezeka panthawi yomwe ali ndi pakati kapena nthawi yothandizira, nthawi zambiri amatha kupitirira nthawi ndi chithandizo choyenera.
2. Ngati matenda a shuga amayamba chifukwa cha malungo, tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, chifuwa chachikulu, matendawa amatha kuchepa ngati akuchotsa matendawa.
3. Osagwidwa ndi shuga, omwe amayamba ndi chotupa, akhoza kutha pang'onopang'ono atachotsedwa.
4. Pali nthawi zambiri zomwe zimachotsa vuto la nephrogenic mu ubwana.
5. Chithandizo choyenera chimathandiza odwala kukhala moyo wawo ndikukwaniritsa ntchito zawo.