Nkhumba zabwino - kukula kuchokera ku mbewu

Nkhumba zokoma ndi chaka chomera, cholemekezedwa ndi wamaluwa ambiri chifukwa chachilendo chosavuta komanso chodziwika bwino, fungo lokoma. Mbewuzi zonunkhira zimaoneka pafupifupi chilimwe, ndipo chifukwa udzu udzakondweretsa diso lonse miyezi itatu yotentha. Inde, ndi mithunzi ya maluwa ya zomera zambiri, ndipo motero pakati pa mitundu yambiri yafungo lokongola, aliyense akhoza kusankha kukoma kwanu. Kuonjezera apo, mphamvu yeniyeni ya zomerayo ndi yachibale chisanu (mpaka -5 ° C). Ponena za momwe mungakhalire nandolo zotsekemera, njira yabwino ndiyo kubzala mbewu. Izi ndi zomwe zidzakambidwe.

Kulima nyemba zotsekemera ku mbewu: kukonzekera

Ndikofunika kukonzekera mbeu kumapeto kwa nyengo: kumapeto kwa March - kumayambiriro kwa April. Popeza mbeu imakhala yochuluka, yoyamba iyenera kuikidwa mu galasi, kutsanulira madzi otentha pamtunda wa madigiri pafupifupi 50-60 ndikuchoka tsiku limodzi. Kumbani nyemba nthawi yomweyo ayenera kuchotsedwa. Zitatha izi, musanabzala nyemba zowonjezera, muyenera kutsukidwa ndi madzi kutentha ndi kuziyika kumalo ozizira kumera. Izi zikhoza kukhala mpango, utuchi kapena mchenga, womwe umayenera kukhala wouma nthawi zonse.

Mbeu ikamera, imayenera kubzalidwa mu chidebe chosiyana. Zikhoza kukhala miphika yaing'ono kapena mapepala, komwe kale anaika nthaka yabwino. Mbewu imayenera kuwonjezeka ndi masentimita awiri kapena atatu. Mukhoza kubzala imodzi kapena zingapo zidutswa. Pofuna kumera bwino nandolo zonunkhira kuchokera ku nyemba, zitsamba zomwe zimakhala ndi mbeu ziyenera kuikidwa pamalo otentha, malo ofunda komanso mosamalitsa, popanda kuiwala kuti madzi azikhala bwino. Mphukira zoyamba zikhoza kuyembekezera mu masabata 1,5 - 2. Timalimbikitsa kusinthana ndi nsonga kuti tipeze kukula kwa mphukira, pamene mbande zikhala ndi masamba atatu oyambirira.

Nkhumba zokoma: kubzala ndi kusamalira

Kufika poyera pansi mbande lokoma nandolo akhoza kuchitika mu Meyi. Zimalangizidwa kuti mubzalidwe mbeu musanadzalemo, mutengere ku khonde loyamba kwa ola limodzi, kenako pang'onopang'ono muwonjezere nthawi yokhalamo.

Nandolo zokoma zimakula bwino kumalo komwe kulibe zida zotsegula dzuwa. Komabe, pang'ono pritenie imalekerera kwambiri mwakachetechete. Nthaka ya chomera imakhala yopanda ndale, yachonde, yokhala ndi ngalande zabwino. Chomera zomera pamodzi ndi dothi ladothi pamtunda wa masentimita 25 kuchokera kwa wina ndi mnzake. Pamene pea yotsekemera imakula mpaka masentimita 20, imayenera kumangirizidwa ku chithandizo. Izi ndi zofunika kuonetsetsa kuti kukwera kumayambira sikufalikira pansi ndipo sikusokonezeka. Mothandizidwa ndi chithandizo zomera zimayamba kupiringa pamwamba ndipo m'tsogolomu zimapanga linga lokongola. Komabe, kwa mitundu yaying'ono ya peyala yokoma, yomwe imakula mpaka masentimita 30, izi siziri zofunikira.

Kawirikawiri, kulima pea wokoma sikungatchedwe mosavuta ndondomeko. Chomeracho chimafuna chisamaliro mosamala ndi chisamaliro. Ndikofunika kuti mwangwiro komanso mokwanira muzitha kuthirira maluwa - masabata awiri ndi awiri. Apo ayi, ngati pali kuchepa kwa masamba omwe amachepa amachepetsedwa kapena amatayidwa, ndipo maluwa amasiya. Mafuta onunkhira amafunika feteleza ndi feteleza zamadzimadzi kawiri - pakati pa June ndi pakati pa July.

Kwa nthawi yayitali komanso yochuluka maluwa okoma, nthano za wamaluwa zimagwiritsa ntchito zidule. Choyamba, ndikofunika kuti pasynkovanie, ndipo kachiwiri, kuti awononge nthambi zowonongeka, kusiya masamba angapo ndi mbewu. Pansi pazikhalidwezi, pea wokoma amasangalala ndi maluwa mpaka chisanu.