Nkhono zam'madzi zowonongeka mu njira yawo ya moyo zimasiyana kwambiri ndi anthu ena okhala m'madzi komanso zimakhala ndi malo okhalamo. Amuna amalangizidwa kuti adziŵe zambiri za momwe angasamalire bwino makasitomala odabwitsa, kotero kuti zoyesayesa zoyamba pa kuswana kwawo sizinatha molakwika.
Mitundu ya nkhanu za m'madzi
Ogulitsa pamsika amagulitsa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya anthu, nthawi zambiri popanda kuwachenjeza anthu za maonekedwe omwe ali nawo. Zamoyo zina zimakonda malo abwino, ena amatha kukhala mumadzi a salin osiyanasiyana. Ndi bwino kudziwa ndondomeko yomwe nkhanu ya nyumba yanu ilili mumtambo wa aquarium kuti mukhale ndi moyo wabwino kwambiri.
Mitundu yotchuka ya nkhanu za aquarium:
- Madzi atsopano (Potamon Potamios). Mitundu imeneyi imakhala m'mabwinja ambiri ochokera ku Caucasus ndi ku Balkans kupita ku Himalaya. Kuwonekera sikowala, koma ndibwino kwambiri. Kumbuyo kwa nkhanu kumakhala ndi mtundu wa bluu kapena buluu, ndipo mimba, mutu ndi zipsera zingakhale za mitundu yosiyanasiyana. Nthaŵi zambiri amakhala pamtunda, akukhala pamphepete mwa miyala, usiku usiku nkhwangwa imayesera kubisala.
- Nkhanu ya Dutch (Rhithropanopeus Harrisii). Dzina lina lotchuka la mitundu iyi ya crustacean ndi nkhanu ya Black Sea. Anabwera kwa ife kuchokera ku Holland, tsopano akupezeka ku Nyanja ya Azov, Nyanja ya Caspian, m'munsi mwa Don. Nkhumba za aquariumzi ndizochepa, kukula kwake kwa thunthu ndi 3 masentimita, kumbuyo kwake kuli mdima wakuda kapena ndi bluish.
- Nsomba za Leopard (Parathelphusa Pantherina). Ku Indonesia timatulutsa nkhanu zaukali. Sungasokonezedwe ndi anthu ena, ali ndi thupi looneka bwino la beige ndi mabala a bulauni. Ngakhale kuti maonekedwe akudabwitsa ndi olemera (mpaka 12 cm ndi zilembo), nkhanu iyi imadziwika ndi khalidwe la chikondi.
- Mabala a Malawi (Potomonautes Lirrangensis). Mwachilengedwe iwo amapezeka ku Africa kuno m'madzi a m'nyanja ya Malawi. Amuna akuluakulu amakula kufika 12 cm, kukula kwake kwa masentimita asanu ndi awiri. Mtundu wa gawolo umapezeka maroon kapena bulauni, ndipo kumbuyo kuli ndi mdima wofiirira kwambiri.
- Madzi a Iridescent (Cardisoma armatum). Malo apamwamba ndi dera la Indo-Pacific. Nsana ya utawaleza ndi yowala buluu kapena violet, ndipo mimba ndi yoyera. Mitunduyi imakula mpaka masentimita 20. Mu chisamaliro, imakhala yopanda nzeru ndipo imakhala yofunika kwambiri.
- Mangrove nkhanu (Pseudosesarma moeshi). Makhaka a aquarium amapezeka m'chilengedwe mumapiri a mangroves ndi madera a kum'mwera chakum'mawa kwa Asia. Nsana wawo ndi wabuluu ndi wofiira, ndipo miyendo ndi yofiirira. Kukula kwa thupi kwa munthu aliyense kumakhala masentimita asanu, koma ali ndi ziboda zoopsa, kotero chisamaliro chiyenera kusamalidwa.
Kodi ndi nkhwa zingati kunyumba?
Mu funso la nkhono zingapo zomwe zimakhala m'madzi a aquarium, zimadalira luso la munthuyo komanso khalidwe lake labwino pazinyama. M'tchire, zinyama zimagwidwa ndi masoka achilengedwe ndi nyama zowonongeka, ndipo mu ukapolo kokha wokhala ndi crustacean akhoza kulamulira kuchuluka kwa chakudya, kutentha kwa mpweya, kuuma ndi madzi amchere. Ndi njira yabwino ndikusunga malamulo a zokhutira, anthu okhalamo amatha kukhala ndi zaka pafupifupi 3-4, ndipakati pa zaka khumi zapitazi, zamoyo zamtunduwu zimakhala zamoyo zambiri.
Kodi mungasunge bwanji nkhanu kunyumba?
Anthu oterewa amakhala m'madzi amtundu watsopano ndi zinyama zovuta kwambiri. Zomwe zili ndi nkhanza kunyumba pakhomo la aquarium nthawi zambiri zimathera phokoso kwa anansi awo. Zilombozi nthawi zonse zimayeserera kuthawa, zimawononga zomera zam'madzi zomwe zimakula, kukumba nthaka ndi mizere yamphamvu. Okhawo omwe ali ndi zida zonse za mphamvu amadziona okha mwangwiro ndipo samawalimbikitsa eni ake.
Aquarium chifukwa cha nkhonya zapakhomo
Ndibwino kuti mugulitse chodepa chachikulu, ngati mukufuna kukakhala ndi makastaceans angapo, kenaka mutenge tankitali kuposa mita. Nkhanu m'madzi oyandikana nawo amadzimva osasangalatsa, ali ndi malo ochepa mkati, sizili zovuta kukonzekera ziwombankhanga. Madzi amathiridwa mpaka 15 cm, nthaka imapangidwa miyala, pogwiritsa ntchito tizigawo ting'onoting'ono ta miyala 5 mm. Zokwanira nthaka zeolite, tuff crumb, coral crumb. Mbali ya pamwambayi imapangidwa kuchokera ku miyala ikuluikulu ndi nsomba zazikulu. Pogona pogona malo okongoletsera miyala .
Nkhanu za Aquarium - zokhudzana ndi nsomba
Potsatsa malonda, ogulitsa nthawi zambiri amawonetsa nkhanu za m'madzi ndi nsomba pamasewero, koma panyumba izi zimatha molakwika. Izi zimatha kudya chilichonse chimene angapeze ndi zida zawo. Woyamba kuvutika ndi nsomba yochepa yomwe imakhala pafupi ndi pansi, idzadulidwa mopanda chifundo, ndikuyesera kudya nthawi zonse. Ndibwino kuti muthe kuchotsa chidebe chokonzekera bwino pa nkhanu ya aquarium, kuti anthu ena okhala m'madzi asathenso kuvutika ndi chilakolako chosalamulirika.
Kodi mungasamalire bwanji nkhanu kunyumba?
Madzi amasungidwa bwino, timapereka aeration wabwino ndi kusungidwa kwa sing'anga. Acidity imasungidwa - 7.2-7.5pH, kulimbikira - osachepera 10 GH. Kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa mankhwala ammonia ndi nitrates powonjezera pang'ono ya NaCl, amaloledwa kuwonjezera pa 5 g wa mchere wa madzi pa lita imodzi ya madzi. Njirayi ndi yofunika panthawi yopuma, pamene nkhanu ya aquarium imakhala m'madzi nthawi yaitali. Kutentha kwa sing'anga kumasungidwa mu 25-26 ° C. Pofuna kuteteza zinyama, mcherewu umayenera kukhala ndi maukonde kapena chivindikiro ndi mabowo ang'onoang'ono.
Kodi kudyetsa nkhanu za aquarium?
Pankhani yodyetsa nkhanu za aquarium, okonda zachilendo alibe mavuto. Anesi achilengedwe ameneŵa ndi odzichepetsa ndipo ali ndi chilakolako chabwino. Timayika zogulitsira m'mitsinje yomwe ili pamwambapa, timayesetsa kuti pakhale nthawi zosiyanasiyana. Iwo ali omnivorous ndipo amatha kudya chakudya cha masamba onse ndi mbale za nyama.
Kodi nkhanu zimadya pakhomo:
- kuthira chakudya chamtundu wa nsomba,
- gammaurus,
- daphnia,
- magazi,
- mphutsi za udzudzu,
- zidutswa zing'onozing'ono za nyama zamatenda,
- nsomba zokonzedwa bwino,
- spirulina,
- wosweka dzira chipolopolo,
- maapulo,
- mavwende,
- beets,
- kaloti,
- kolifulawa,
- zukini,
- letesi,
- katsitsumzukwa,
- udzu wosakanika ndi masamba a mitengo.
Kuweta nkhanu kunyumba
Ngati funso la momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito nkhwangwa mu aquarium lingathetsedwe panyumba popanda mavuto, ndiye kuti ndi kovuta kwambiri kubereka ana aang'ono omwe ali mu ukapolo. Pa masewera olimbitsa banja amakwatirana, koma ana onse amawoneka mosavuta. M'miyezi yoyamba ya moyo nyama izi zili mu sitepe ya plankton-larval, yomwe imakhala ndi malo apadera panyanja kapena m'nyanja, zomwe zimakhala zovuta kwambiri kuzipanga m'nyumba.